Chapter 01: Food, Nutrition, and Health
p p p p p
Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
p p p p p p p p
MULTIPLEpCHOICE
1. Promotingpaphealthpcarepservicepthatpimprovespdiabetespmanagementpforpthepelderlypinpapc
ommunitypwouldpassistpinpwhichpofpthepfollowing?
a. SupportingpthepnationalphealthpgoalspHealthypPeoplep2020
b. ReducingphungerpinpapsubsetpofpthepUnitedpStatesppopulation
c. ImprovingpMedicarepreimbursementpclaims
d. Providingpaccessptopprimaryphealthpcarepservices
ANS:p A
HealthypPeoplep2020phaspapwidepinfluencepandpispthepfocuspofpthepnation’spmainpobjectiveptoppromot
ephealthpandppreventpdisease.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication REF:p p.p2
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pImplementation MSC:p NCLEX:pHealthpPromotionpandpMaintenance
2. Appatientprequirespapnutritionpassessment.pThepmostpappropriatepprofessionalptopperformpthepa
ssessmentpispa
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. publicphealthpnutritionist.
d. registeredpdietitian.
ANS:p D
ThepregisteredpdietitianpispthepnutritionpexpertpregisteredpwithpthepCommissionpofpDieteticpRegistr
ationp(CDR),pthepcertifyingpagencypofpAcademypofpNutritionpandpDietetics.pRegisteredpdietitianspar
eptheponlypprofessionalspwhophavepmetpstrictpeducationalpandpprofessionalpprerequisitespandppasse
dpapnationalpregistrationpexaminationpthatpproperlyppreparespthemptopconductpapnutritionpassessme
nt.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p1pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pSafepandpEffectivepCarepEnvironment:pManagementpofpCare
3. Thepsumpofpallpbodypprocessespinsideplivingpcellspthatpsustainplifepandphealthpis
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS:p C
Metabolismpispthepsumpofpallpchemicalpchangespthatptakepplacepinpthepbody.pMetabolismpprovid
espenergy,pbuildsptissue,pandpregulatespmetabolicpprocessespinpthepbody.
, DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p3
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
4. Thepnutrientspthatpprovidepthepbodypwithpitspprimarypsourcepofpfuelpforpenergypare
a. vitamins.
b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS:p D
Carbohydratesp(e.g.,pstarchespandpsugars)parepthepbody’spprimarypfuelptopcarrypoutpnecessarypproces
ses;pfatpispthepsecondarypsourcepofpenergy.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
5. Whichpofpthepfollowingpispthepmostpaccuratepstatementpregardingpthepfunctionspofpprotein?
a. Proteinspcanpbepapprimarypfuelpsourcepevenpifptherepispadequatepcarbohydratepintake.
b. Proteinsparepapnecessarypnutrientptopprovidepenergypforpthepbodypinptimespofpstress.
c. Proteinspcanpbepusedpaspcoenzymepfactorspduringpcellpmetabolism.
d. Proteinsparepessentialptopbuildingpandprepairingptissuespwithinpthepbody.
ANS:p D
Thepprimarypfunctionpofpproteinspisptopprovidepaminopacids,pwhichparepthepbuildingpunitspnece
ssaryptopbuildingpandprepairingptissuespwithinpthepbody.pThispispapconstantpprocesspthatpensuresp
adequatepgrowthpandpmaintenancepofptissuespforpapstrongpbody.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pComprehension
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
6. Ap65-year-
oldpmanprequiresp2000pkcal/daypwithoutpanypspecificpfatporpcarbohydrateprequirements.pThep
approximatepnumberpofpkilocaloriespperpdaypfrompfatpthatphispdietpshouldpprovidepisp
kcal/day.
a. 400ptop700
b. 100ptop300
c. 500ptop800
d. 900ptop1200
ANS:p A
Fatpshouldpprovidepnopmorepthanp20%ptop35%pofptheptotalpkilocaloriespperpday,psopforpap2000-
pkcalpdiet,p400ptop700pkcalpshouldpbepprovided.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pHealthpPromotionpandpMaintenance
7. Thepbody’spmainpstoragepformpofpcarbohydratepis
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
, c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS:p A
Glycogenpispappolysaccharidepthatpispthepmainpstoragepformpofpcarbohydratepinpthephumanpbod
y.pItpispmainlypstoredpinpthepliverpandptopaplesserpextentpinpmuscleptissue.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
8. Thepnumberpofpkilocaloriespprovidedpbyponepslicepofpbreadpthatpcontainsp30pgpcarbohydrate,p3pgpp
rotein,pandp1pgpfatpisp kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
c. 141
d. 306
ANS:p C
Calculatepaspfollows:pCarbohydratepprovidesp4pkcal/g,pproteinpprovidesp4pkcal/g,pandpfatpprovi
desp9pkcal/g.pTherefore:
30pgpcarbohydrate 4pkcal/gp=p120pkcal
3pgpprotein 4pkcal/gp=p12pkcal
1pgpfat 9pkcal/gp=p9pkcal
=p141ptotalpkcalp(120pkcalp+p12pkcalp+p9pkcal)
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
9. Thepnumberpofpkilocaloriespfrompfatpinpapsandwichpthatpcontainsp22pgpfatpisp kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
c. 154
d. 198
ANS:p D
Fatpprovidesp9pkcal/g.pThus,p22pgpfat 9 kcal/gp=p198pkcal.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
10. Thepnumberpofpkilocaloriespfrompproteinpinpapsandwichpthatpcontainsp15pgpproteinpisp
pkcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
, d. 135
ANS:p B
Proteinpprovidesp4pkcal/g.pThus,p15pgpprotein 4 kcal/gp=p60pkcal.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
11. Thepbasicpbuildingpunitspofpproteinparepcalledp acids.
a. fatty
b. amino
c. nucleic
d. carboxyl
ANS:p B
Thepbasicpbuildingpunitspofpproteinparepaminopacids,pwhichparepnecessarypforpbuilding,prepairin
g,pandpmaintainingpbodyptissues.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
12. Thepmainpnutrientspinvolvedpinpmetabolicpregulationpandpcontrolpare
a. waterpandpvitamins.
b. vitaminspandpminerals.
c. vitaminspandpfattypacids.
d. mineralspandpcarbohydrates.
ANS:p B
Vitaminspandpmineralsparepthepkeypnutrientspinpregulatingpandpcontrollingpthepmanypchemicalpproce
ssespinpthepbody.pVitaminspandpmineralspfunctionpaspcoenzymepfactors,pwhichparepcomponentspofpc
ellpenzymespthatpgovernpcellpchemicalpreactionspinpcellpmetabolism.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p5
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
13. Thepdietarypregimenpthatpwouldpprovidepoptimalpnutritionpforpappersonpwhopisprecoveringpfrompa
npextendedpillnesspispapdiet
a. lowpinpprotein,pfat,pandpcarbohydrates;phighpinpmineralspandpvitamins;pandpveryplowpi
npfiber.
b. providingpadequatepamountspofpcarbohydrates,pprotein,pfat,pminerals,pandpvitaminsp
alongpwithpadequatepwaterpandpfiber.
c. highpinpprotein,pfiber,pandpfluid;plowpinpcarbohydrates;pandpadequatepinpvitaminspand
minerals.
d. withpessentialpamountspofpvitaminspandpminerals;phighpinpprotein;pandplowpinpfat,pc
arbohydrates,pandpfiber.
ANS:p B
p p p p p
Nix: Williams' Basic Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 16th Edition
p p p p p p p p
MULTIPLEpCHOICE
1. Promotingpaphealthpcarepservicepthatpimprovespdiabetespmanagementpforpthepelderlypinpapc
ommunitypwouldpassistpinpwhichpofpthepfollowing?
a. SupportingpthepnationalphealthpgoalspHealthypPeoplep2020
b. ReducingphungerpinpapsubsetpofpthepUnitedpStatesppopulation
c. ImprovingpMedicarepreimbursementpclaims
d. Providingpaccessptopprimaryphealthpcarepservices
ANS:p A
HealthypPeoplep2020phaspapwidepinfluencepandpispthepfocuspofpthepnation’spmainpobjectiveptoppromot
ephealthpandppreventpdisease.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication REF:p p.p2
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pImplementation MSC:p NCLEX:pHealthpPromotionpandpMaintenance
2. Appatientprequirespapnutritionpassessment.pThepmostpappropriatepprofessionalptopperformpthepa
ssessmentpispa
a. physician.
b. nurse.
c. publicphealthpnutritionist.
d. registeredpdietitian.
ANS:p D
ThepregisteredpdietitianpispthepnutritionpexpertpregisteredpwithpthepCommissionpofpDieteticpRegistr
ationp(CDR),pthepcertifyingpagencypofpAcademypofpNutritionpandpDietetics.pRegisteredpdietitianspar
eptheponlypprofessionalspwhophavepmetpstrictpeducationalpandpprofessionalpprerequisitespandppasse
dpapnationalpregistrationpexaminationpthatpproperlyppreparespthemptopconductpapnutritionpassessme
nt.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p1pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pSafepandpEffectivepCarepEnvironment:pManagementpofpCare
3. Thepsumpofpallpbodypprocessespinsideplivingpcellspthatpsustainplifepandphealthpis
a. science.
b. digestion.
c. metabolism.
d. nutrition.
ANS:p C
Metabolismpispthepsumpofpallpchemicalpchangespthatptakepplacepinpthepbody.pMetabolismpprovid
espenergy,pbuildsptissue,pandpregulatespmetabolicpprocessespinpthepbody.
, DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p3
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
4. Thepnutrientspthatpprovidepthepbodypwithpitspprimarypsourcepofpfuelpforpenergypare
a. vitamins.
b. minerals.
c. fiber.
d. carbohydrates.
ANS:p D
Carbohydratesp(e.g.,pstarchespandpsugars)parepthepbody’spprimarypfuelptopcarrypoutpnecessarypproces
ses;pfatpispthepsecondarypsourcepofpenergy.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
5. Whichpofpthepfollowingpispthepmostpaccuratepstatementpregardingpthepfunctionspofpprotein?
a. Proteinspcanpbepapprimarypfuelpsourcepevenpifptherepispadequatepcarbohydratepintake.
b. Proteinsparepapnecessarypnutrientptopprovidepenergypforpthepbodypinptimespofpstress.
c. Proteinspcanpbepusedpaspcoenzymepfactorspduringpcellpmetabolism.
d. Proteinsparepessentialptopbuildingpandprepairingptissuespwithinpthepbody.
ANS:p D
Thepprimarypfunctionpofpproteinspisptopprovidepaminopacids,pwhichparepthepbuildingpunitspnece
ssaryptopbuildingpandprepairingptissuespwithinpthepbody.pThispispapconstantpprocesspthatpensuresp
adequatepgrowthpandpmaintenancepofptissuespforpapstrongpbody.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pComprehension
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
6. Ap65-year-
oldpmanprequiresp2000pkcal/daypwithoutpanypspecificpfatporpcarbohydrateprequirements.pThep
approximatepnumberpofpkilocaloriespperpdaypfrompfatpthatphispdietpshouldpprovidepisp
kcal/day.
a. 400ptop700
b. 100ptop300
c. 500ptop800
d. 900ptop1200
ANS:p A
Fatpshouldpprovidepnopmorepthanp20%ptop35%pofptheptotalpkilocaloriespperpday,psopforpap2000-
pkcalpdiet,p400ptop700pkcalpshouldpbepprovided.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pHealthpPromotionpandpMaintenance
7. Thepbody’spmainpstoragepformpofpcarbohydratepis
a. glycogen.
b. glycerol.
, c. glucagon.
d. glucose.
ANS:p A
Glycogenpispappolysaccharidepthatpispthepmainpstoragepformpofpcarbohydratepinpthephumanpbod
y.pItpispmainlypstoredpinpthepliverpandptopaplesserpextentpinpmuscleptissue.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
8. Thepnumberpofpkilocaloriespprovidedpbyponepslicepofpbreadpthatpcontainsp30pgpcarbohydrate,p3pgpp
rotein,pandp1pgpfatpisp kcal.
a. 34
b. 136
c. 141
d. 306
ANS:p C
Calculatepaspfollows:pCarbohydratepprovidesp4pkcal/g,pproteinpprovidesp4pkcal/g,pandpfatpprovi
desp9pkcal/g.pTherefore:
30pgpcarbohydrate 4pkcal/gp=p120pkcal
3pgpprotein 4pkcal/gp=p12pkcal
1pgpfat 9pkcal/gp=p9pkcal
=p141ptotalpkcalp(120pkcalp+p12pkcalp+p9pkcal)
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
9. Thepnumberpofpkilocaloriespfrompfatpinpapsandwichpthatpcontainsp22pgpfatpisp kcal.
a. 88
b. 132
c. 154
d. 198
ANS:p D
Fatpprovidesp9pkcal/g.pThus,p22pgpfat 9 kcal/gp=p198pkcal.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
10. Thepnumberpofpkilocaloriespfrompproteinpinpapsandwichpthatpcontainsp15pgpproteinpisp
pkcal.
a. 45
b. 60
c. 75
, d. 135
ANS:p B
Proteinpprovidesp4pkcal/g.pThus,p15pgpprotein 4 kcal/gp=p60pkcal.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pApplication
REF:p p.p4pTOP:p NursingpProcess:pAssessment
MSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAdaptation
11. Thepbasicpbuildingpunitspofpproteinparepcalledp acids.
a. fatty
b. amino
c. nucleic
d. carboxyl
ANS:p B
Thepbasicpbuildingpunitspofpproteinparepaminopacids,pwhichparepnecessarypforpbuilding,prepairin
g,pandpmaintainingpbodyptissues.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p4
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
12. Thepmainpnutrientspinvolvedpinpmetabolicpregulationpandpcontrolpare
a. waterpandpvitamins.
b. vitaminspandpminerals.
c. vitaminspandpfattypacids.
d. mineralspandpcarbohydrates.
ANS:p B
Vitaminspandpmineralsparepthepkeypnutrientspinpregulatingpandpcontrollingpthepmanypchemicalpproce
ssespinpthepbody.pVitaminspandpmineralspfunctionpaspcoenzymepfactors,pwhichparepcomponentspofpc
ellpenzymespthatpgovernpcellpchemicalpreactionspinpcellpmetabolism.
DIF: CognitivepLevel:pKnowledge REF:p p.p5
TOP:p NursingpProcess:pPlanningpMSC:p NCLEX:pPhysiologicalpIntegrity:pPhysiologicalpAda
ptation
13. Thepdietarypregimenpthatpwouldpprovidepoptimalpnutritionpforpappersonpwhopisprecoveringpfrompa
npextendedpillnesspispapdiet
a. lowpinpprotein,pfat,pandpcarbohydrates;phighpinpmineralspandpvitamins;pandpveryplowpi
npfiber.
b. providingpadequatepamountspofpcarbohydrates,pprotein,pfat,pminerals,pandpvitaminsp
alongpwithpadequatepwaterpandpfiber.
c. highpinpprotein,pfiber,pandpfluid;plowpinpcarbohydrates;pandpadequatepinpvitaminspand
minerals.
d. withpessentialpamountspofpvitaminspandpminerals;phighpinpprotein;pandplowpinpfat,pc
arbohydrates,pandpfiber.
ANS:p B
