ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
1. Which of the following is the recommended Method for trestemt frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticigulants
C. Warm (40 degrees) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer: C. Warm (40 degrees) water
2. Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of hypotension
other than spinal cord injury?
A. Prispism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them: D. Presence of deep tendon
reflexes. Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (flaccidty) and loss of reflexes.
3. The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level trauma
center is:
A. Unavailibility of surgeon or operating staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma: C. Resource
limitations as determined by the transferring doctor (MÅ SJEKKES)
4. A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is brought
promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic,
and his systolic blood pressure is 58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are
initiated without improvement in his vital signs. The next, most appropriate,
step is to perform:
A. a laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage: A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic ab-
normality
5. A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his overturned
tractor for several hours before medical assistance arrives. He is awake and
alert until just before arriving in the ED. He is now unconscious and responds
only to painful stimuli by moaning. His pupils are 3mm in diameter and
symmetrically reactive to light. Prehospital personnel indicate that they have
, ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
not seen the patient move either of his lower extremities. On examination in
the ED, no movement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response
to painful stimuli. The most likely cause for this finding is:
A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome: MÅ SJEKKES
6. A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED. He is
lethargic, but withdraws purposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure
is 90mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats per minute and his respiratory rate
is 36 breaths per minute. The preferred route of venous access in this patient
is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein: D. Percu-
taneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
7. A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought
promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic,
and he is confused. His pulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only weakly
palpable. The definitive treatment in managing this patient is to:
A. Administer O-negative blood
B. Apply external warming devices
C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
D. Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
E. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions.: C. Control internal
hemorrhage operatively
8. Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Vital signs are age-related
B. Children have greater physiologic reserves than do adults
C. Tachycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemia
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same
as in adults
E. An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20ml/kg Ringers
Lactate: D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same
as in adults
, ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
9. A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56km/h (35mph). He has
obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvic area, and
severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats per minute, and his respiratory
rate is 48 breaths per minute with no breath sounds heard in the left chest.
A tension pneumothorax is relieved by immediate needle decompression
and tube thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats
per minute, his respirartory rate decreases to 36 breaths per minute and
his blood pressure is 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers lactate is adminstered
intravenously. The next priority should be to:
A. Perform external fixation of the pelvis
B. Obtain abdominal and pelvic CT-scans
C. Perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessel
D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
E. Perform a urethrogram and cystogram: D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage
or FAST
10. A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a closed head
injury, multiple palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral femur fractures. He is
intubated orotracheally without difficulty. Initially, his ventilations are easily
assisted with a bag-mask device. It becomes more difficult to ventilate the
patient over the next 5 minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation level
decreases from 98% to 89%. The most appropriate next step is to:
A. Obtain a chest x-ray
B. Decrease the tidal volume
C. Decrease PEEP
D. Increase the rate of assisted ventilations
E. Perform needle decompression of the left chest.: A. Obtain a chest x-ray (MÅ
SJEKKES)
11. A 30-year-old man sustains a severely comminuted, open, distal right
femur fracture in a motorcycle crash. The wound is actively bleeding. Normal
sensation is present over the lateral aspect of the foot but decreased over
the medial foot and great toe. Normal motion of the foot is observed. Dorsalis
pedis and posterior tibial pulses are easily palpable on the left, but heard only
by Doppler on the right. Immediate efforts to improve circulation to the injured
extremity should involve:
A. Immediate angiography
B. Tamponade of the wound with a pressure dressing
C. Wound exploration and removal of bony fragments
D. Realignment of the fracture segments with a traction splint
, ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
E. Fasciotomy of all four compartments in the lower extremity: B. Tamponade
of the wound with a pressure dressing
12. An 18-yeard-old, unhelmeted motorcyclist is brought by ambulance to the
ED following a crash. He had decreased level of consciousness at the scene,
but then was alert and conversational during transportation. Now his GCS is
only 11. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Cerebral perfusion is intact
B. Intravascular volume status is normal
C. The patient is in a postictal state
D. Intra-abdominal visceral injury is unlikely
E. The patient probably has an acute epidural hematoma: E. The patient proba-
bly has an acute epidural hematoma
13. A previously healthy, 70kg (175 pound) man suffers an estimated acute
blood loss of two liters. Which one of the following statements apply to this
patient?
A. His pulse pressure will be widened
B. His urinary output will be at the lower limits of normal
C. He will have tachycardia, but no change in systolic blood pressure
D. His systolic blood pressure will be decreased with a narrowed, pulse
pressure
E. His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevated diastolic
pressure.: E. His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevated dias-
tolic pressure.
14. The physioclogic hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in
the management of the severely injured gravid woman by
A. Reducing the need for blood transfusion
B. Increasing the risk of pulmonary edema
C. Complicating the management of closed head injury
D. Increasing the volume of blood loss to produce shock/maternal hypoten-
sion
E. Reducing the volume of crystalloid required for resuscitation: D. Increasing
the volume of blood loss to produce shock
15. A 17-year-old helmeted motorcyclist loses consciousness when he is
struck broad side by an automobile at an intersection. He arrives in the ED
with a blood pressure of 140/92, pulse rate 88 beats per minute, a respiratory
rate of 18 breaths per minue, and a GCS of 7. Appropriate initial immobilization
of this patient should include a semi-rigid cervical collar and:
A. A scoop stretcher
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
1. Which of the following is the recommended Method for trestemt frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticigulants
C. Warm (40 degrees) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer: C. Warm (40 degrees) water
2. Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of hypotension
other than spinal cord injury?
A. Prispism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them: D. Presence of deep tendon
reflexes. Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (flaccidty) and loss of reflexes.
3. The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level trauma
center is:
A. Unavailibility of surgeon or operating staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma: C. Resource
limitations as determined by the transferring doctor (MÅ SJEKKES)
4. A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is brought
promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic,
and his systolic blood pressure is 58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are
initiated without improvement in his vital signs. The next, most appropriate,
step is to perform:
A. a laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage: A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic ab-
normality
5. A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his overturned
tractor for several hours before medical assistance arrives. He is awake and
alert until just before arriving in the ED. He is now unconscious and responds
only to painful stimuli by moaning. His pupils are 3mm in diameter and
symmetrically reactive to light. Prehospital personnel indicate that they have
, ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
not seen the patient move either of his lower extremities. On examination in
the ED, no movement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response
to painful stimuli. The most likely cause for this finding is:
A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome: MÅ SJEKKES
6. A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED. He is
lethargic, but withdraws purposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure
is 90mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats per minute and his respiratory rate
is 36 breaths per minute. The preferred route of venous access in this patient
is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein: D. Percu-
taneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
7. A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought
promptly to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic,
and he is confused. His pulse is thready and his femoral pulse is only weakly
palpable. The definitive treatment in managing this patient is to:
A. Administer O-negative blood
B. Apply external warming devices
C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
D. Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
E. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions.: C. Control internal
hemorrhage operatively
8. Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Vital signs are age-related
B. Children have greater physiologic reserves than do adults
C. Tachycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemia
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same
as in adults
E. An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20ml/kg Ringers
Lactate: D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same
as in adults
, ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
9. A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56km/h (35mph). He has
obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvic area, and
severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats per minute, and his respiratory
rate is 48 breaths per minute with no breath sounds heard in the left chest.
A tension pneumothorax is relieved by immediate needle decompression
and tube thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats
per minute, his respirartory rate decreases to 36 breaths per minute and
his blood pressure is 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers lactate is adminstered
intravenously. The next priority should be to:
A. Perform external fixation of the pelvis
B. Obtain abdominal and pelvic CT-scans
C. Perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessel
D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
E. Perform a urethrogram and cystogram: D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage
or FAST
10. A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a closed head
injury, multiple palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral femur fractures. He is
intubated orotracheally without difficulty. Initially, his ventilations are easily
assisted with a bag-mask device. It becomes more difficult to ventilate the
patient over the next 5 minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation level
decreases from 98% to 89%. The most appropriate next step is to:
A. Obtain a chest x-ray
B. Decrease the tidal volume
C. Decrease PEEP
D. Increase the rate of assisted ventilations
E. Perform needle decompression of the left chest.: A. Obtain a chest x-ray (MÅ
SJEKKES)
11. A 30-year-old man sustains a severely comminuted, open, distal right
femur fracture in a motorcycle crash. The wound is actively bleeding. Normal
sensation is present over the lateral aspect of the foot but decreased over
the medial foot and great toe. Normal motion of the foot is observed. Dorsalis
pedis and posterior tibial pulses are easily palpable on the left, but heard only
by Doppler on the right. Immediate efforts to improve circulation to the injured
extremity should involve:
A. Immediate angiography
B. Tamponade of the wound with a pressure dressing
C. Wound exploration and removal of bony fragments
D. Realignment of the fracture segments with a traction splint
, ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2024-2025 REAL EXAM 160 QUESTIO
AND CORRECT ANSWERS |AGRADE
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gzgcgj
E. Fasciotomy of all four compartments in the lower extremity: B. Tamponade
of the wound with a pressure dressing
12. An 18-yeard-old, unhelmeted motorcyclist is brought by ambulance to the
ED following a crash. He had decreased level of consciousness at the scene,
but then was alert and conversational during transportation. Now his GCS is
only 11. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Cerebral perfusion is intact
B. Intravascular volume status is normal
C. The patient is in a postictal state
D. Intra-abdominal visceral injury is unlikely
E. The patient probably has an acute epidural hematoma: E. The patient proba-
bly has an acute epidural hematoma
13. A previously healthy, 70kg (175 pound) man suffers an estimated acute
blood loss of two liters. Which one of the following statements apply to this
patient?
A. His pulse pressure will be widened
B. His urinary output will be at the lower limits of normal
C. He will have tachycardia, but no change in systolic blood pressure
D. His systolic blood pressure will be decreased with a narrowed, pulse
pressure
E. His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevated diastolic
pressure.: E. His systolic blood pressure will be maintained with an elevated dias-
tolic pressure.
14. The physioclogic hypervolemia of pregnancy has clinical significance in
the management of the severely injured gravid woman by
A. Reducing the need for blood transfusion
B. Increasing the risk of pulmonary edema
C. Complicating the management of closed head injury
D. Increasing the volume of blood loss to produce shock/maternal hypoten-
sion
E. Reducing the volume of crystalloid required for resuscitation: D. Increasing
the volume of blood loss to produce shock
15. A 17-year-old helmeted motorcyclist loses consciousness when he is
struck broad side by an automobile at an intersection. He arrives in the ED
with a blood pressure of 140/92, pulse rate 88 beats per minute, a respiratory
rate of 18 breaths per minue, and a GCS of 7. Appropriate initial immobilization
of this patient should include a semi-rigid cervical collar and:
A. A scoop stretcher
