NSG530 NSG 530 EXAM 3 (LATEST ) ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS 100% CORRECT GRADE A - WILKES.pdf

Exam 3 NSG 530 Advanced Pathophysiology Exam
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Questions and Verified Answers m m m




1. The nurse working in an outpatient nephrology clinic knows that which of
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m the following are primary functions of the kidneys? (Select all that apply.)
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A. Production of clotting factors
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B. Homeostasis

C. Excretion of metabolic wastes
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D. Regulation of acid-base balance
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E. Metabolism of fats m m




Answer> B, C, D
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The kidneys do not metabolize fats.
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Production of clotting factors is a primary function of the liver.
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The kidneys maintain blood pressure using the RAAS and also produce erythropoi
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m etin to stimulate RBC production.
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2. In caring for a patient diagnosed with acute kidney injury, the nephrology
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1m/m87

,nurse knows that which of the following tests are specific for renal function?
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(Select all that apply.)
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A. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) m m




B. Blood urea nitrogen
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C. Creatinine

D. Glomerular filtration rate m m




E. White blood cell count
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Answer> B, C, D m m m




AST related to LIVER function
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3. In caring for a patient with acute kidney injury the nurse knows that the pa
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tient's renal function has returned to normal range when the patient's GFR m
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easures

A. 30-40 mL/min m




B. 40-50 mL/min m




C. 70-90 mL/min m




D. 90-120 mL/min m




Answer> D m




Normal GFR is 90-120 mL/min
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2m/m87

,Normal Creatinine 0.6-1.1 for females and 0.6-
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1.2 for males Normal BUN is 10-20 mg/dL
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*Be sure to know these normal values, you will use them daily as a nurse
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4. The nursing working in a geriatric living facility understands that as patients
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age, which change in glomerular filtration rate is expected?
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A. Increased GFR m




B. Decreased GFR m




C. Same GFR m




D. No GFR m




Answer> B m




Aging and renal function
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Decrease in renal blood flow and GFR ’ altered sodium and water balance Numbe
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r of nephrons decrease due to renal vascular and perfusion changes Response to
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acid-base changes is delayed m m m




Increased risk for drug toxicity Alterati
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ons in thirst and water intake
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Get dehydrated very easily; do not recognize thirst and heat Decre
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ased muscle mass may lead to decreased creatinine values
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3m/m87

, 5. An older patient is experiencing urinary stasis. The registered nurse knows
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m that urinary stasis may lead to which of the following?
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A. Increased GFR m




B. Hypocoagulation

C. Hypertension

D. Infection

Answer> D m




Urinary stasis is a risk factor for developing UTI
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6. Which of the following is classified as the most common primary mineral
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m salt composition of kidney stones?
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A. Calcium

B. Struvite

C. Uric Acid m




D. Cysteine

Answer> A m




A - calcium (i.e. oxalate or phosphate) is most common
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*Note that a change in urine pH may lead to precipitation of stones
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7. Which of the following are risk factors for developing renal tumors? (Select
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4m/m87