NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
n n n n n n
Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Me
n n n n n n n
dication Safety, 2ndEdition n n n
MULTIPLEnCHOICEnB
ASIC nCONCEPTS
1. Whichn healthn caren professionaln hasn then majorn responsibilityn forn dispensingn prescribednd
rugsn undern then directionn of n an pharmacist?
a. Physician
b Nursen practitioner
.
c. Licensed n nurse
d Pharmacyn technician
.
ANS:n D
Then physiciann and n nursen practitionern haven then majorn responsibilityn forn prescribingn drugs,n not n disp
ensingn them.n Then licensed n nursen hasn then primaryn responsibilityn forn administeringn drugs,n althoughn
undern somen circumstancesn an licensed n nursen mayn dispensen prescribed n drugsn but nthisn isnnot n hisn ornhern
majorn responsibilityn inn drugn therapy.n Then pharmacyn techniciann hasn then majorn responsibilityn of n dis
pensingn prescribed n drugsn undern then directionn of n an licensed n pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 3
2. Whichn termn describesn then effect n of n an drugn that n improvesn bodyn function?
a. Siden effect
b Intended n action
.
c. Adversen reaction
d Idiosyncraticn response
.
ANS:n B
Then purposen of n drugn therapyn isn ton taken andrugn ton prevent,nreduce,n orn correct n an healthn problem.nT
hisn responsen isn anyn drug’sn intended n actionn alson knownn asn an therapeuticn response.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 3
3. Whichn typen of n drugn namen isn “owned”n byn then companyn that n manufacturesn it?
a. Genericn name
b Chemicaln name
,NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
.
c. Categoryn name
d Traden name
.
ANS:n D
Then chemicaln namen isn an drug’sn exact n chemicaln composition.n Then genericn namen isn then namen assigne
d n ton thendrugn bynthen U.S.n AdoptednNamesn Counciln andnisn not nownedn byn anyone.n Then categoryn nam
en refersn ton then typen ofndrugn (whatnit n doesnorn what nit nisn used nfor)n andn isn notnann actualnd rugn name.n Thent
raden namen (brand n name)n isn then namen provided n and n owned n byn an specificn drug’sn manufacturer.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 4
4. Whichn drugn orn drugn classn isn an “highn alert”n drug?
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS:n B
An highn alert n drugn isn onen innwhichn harmn isn likelyn ton result n ifn givenn atnthenwrongn dose,ntonthen wrongnpa
tient,n orn not n givenn tonthen correct n patient.n Drugsn classified n asn highn alert n drugsn includen potassium,nnar
coticsn (opioids),n insulin,n cancern chemotherapyn drugs,n and n heparinn (orn anyn drugn that nstronglyn affects
n blood n clotting).n Penicillin,n NSAIDs,n and n calciumn aren not n considered n highn alert n drugs.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 4
5. What n isn then termn forn andrugn that nhasn then samen actionn asn annaturallyn occurringn bodynh
ormonen orn enzyme?
a. Agonist
b Blockingn agent
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS:n A
An drugn agonist n isn ann extrinsicn drugn that nactivatesnthenreceptorn sitesn of n an celln and n mimicsn thena
ctionsn of n naturallyn occurringn bodyn substancesn (intrinsicn drugs).nA nblockingn agent n isn an drug
,NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
antagonist.nA nchemicaln would n notn necessarilyn ben an drugnat nall.nAnduplicatorn isn not nan pharmacologicnt e
rm.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: pp.n 6-7
6. Whichn termn describesn hown then bodyn affectsn drugn activity?
a. Drugn potency
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeuticn effect
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS:n D
Then termn pharmacokineticsn refersn ton drugn metabolismn and n how n then bodyn changesn an drug.n Pharmaco
dynamicsn refersn ton hown andrugn worksn ton changenbodynfunction.n Drugn potencyn refersn tonhow n stronglyn
orn ton what n degreen andrugn exertsn itsn effects.n Then therapeuticn effect nisn closern ton pharmacodynamics,n me
aningn how n an drugn worksn ton changen bodyn function.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 10
7. Inn then UnitednStates,n whichn groupnisn responsiblen forn enforcingn established nstandardsnfornd
rugn manufacturing?
a. U.S.n Pharmacopeia
b Nationaln Institutesn of n Health
.
c. Food n and n DrugnAdministration
d Associationn of n Pharmaceuticaln Manufacturers
.
ANS:n C
Then standardsn forn drugn manufacturen aren established nbyn then U.S.nPharmacopeia.n Thesen standardsn ar
en enforced n bynthenFoodnandn DrugnAdministration.n Neithern thenNationaln Institutesn ofn Healthn nornt hen
Associationn of n Pharmaceuticaln Manufacturersn hasn anyn authorityn ton enforcen drugn standards.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 5
8. Whichn factorn isn an majorn disadvantagen of n then transdermaln drugn deliveryn route?
a. Onlyn an prescribern cann administern drugsn byn then transdermaln route.
b Transdermaln drugsn must n ben sterilen rathern thann clean.
.
c. First n passn drugn lossn byn thisn routen isn then most n extensive.
d Drugn absorptionn isn dependent n onn adequaten circulation.
, NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
.
ANS:n D
Oncen an transdermaln drugn movesn throughn thenskin,n it n must nentern then bloodstreamn tonreachn itsntarget nt i
ssue.n If n circulationn isn poorn ton thenarean wherenthentransdermaln drugn isn applied,nveryn little,n if n any,n of n t
hen drugn willn reachn itsn target n tissue.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 12
9. How n aren intrinsicn drugsn different n fromn extrinsicn drugs?
a. Intrinsicn drugsn aren maden bynthen body,n whereasn extrinsicn drugsn aren maden outsiden then body.
b Intrinsicn drugsn aren administered n byn then parenteraln route,n whereasn extrinsicn drugsn are
. administered n byn then oraln route.
c. Extrinsicn drugsn cann onlyn ben applied n tonthenskinn orn mucousn membranes,n whereasn intrinsicnd
rugsn aren takenn internally.
d Extrinsicn drugsn requiren an prescriptionn forn administration,n whereasn intrinsicn drugsn are
. availablenover-the-counter.
ANS:n A
Intrinsicn drugsn aren then hormones,n enzymes,n and n othern chemicalsn maden byn thenbodyn that n changen cel
ln activity.n Extrinsicn drugsn aren manufacturednfromnchemical,n animal,n orn plant n sourcesn and nmust nhaven
an meansn of n enteringn then bodyn inn ordern ton changen celln activity.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Understanding REF: p.n 3
10. A npatient n asksn whynhisn drugn ton controln highn blood n pressuren hasn onlyn onen genericn namen and nt
won different n traden names.n What n isn yourn best n response?
a. “Most n drugsn haven different n traden namesn that n indicaten different n dosages.”
b “Then twon different ntradennamesn indicatenthat nonenisn an moren purenand n safern drugn thann thenother.”
.
c. “Then genericn namen isn then actualn officialn drugn namen and n then traden namen isn an brand n owned n by
an specificn manufacturer.”
d “If n youn haven insurance,n youn cannget nthen traden namen drug,nwhichn isnusuallyn moren expensivent hann
. then genericn named n drug.”
ANS:n C
Then genericn namen isn then namen assigned n ton then drugnbyn then U.S.nAdopted nNamesn Counciln and nisn not n
owned n byn anyone.n Then tradennamen (brand n name)n isn then namen providednandn ownedn bynanspecificn dru
g’sn manufacturer.n Moren thann onen manufacturern cann makenandnselln then samen drugnat nthensamen timen un
dern an different n tradenname.n Regardlessn of ntraden name,n alln drugsn that n haven then samen genericn namen m
ust n ben aliken inn theirn chemicaln compositionn and n strength.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:nApplyingn orn Higher REF: pp.n 3-4
ndnEdition
Chapter 01: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Responses
n n n n n n
Workman & LaCharity: Understanding Pharmacology: Essentials for Me
n n n n n n n
dication Safety, 2ndEdition n n n
MULTIPLEnCHOICEnB
ASIC nCONCEPTS
1. Whichn healthn caren professionaln hasn then majorn responsibilityn forn dispensingn prescribednd
rugsn undern then directionn of n an pharmacist?
a. Physician
b Nursen practitioner
.
c. Licensed n nurse
d Pharmacyn technician
.
ANS:n D
Then physiciann and n nursen practitionern haven then majorn responsibilityn forn prescribingn drugs,n not n disp
ensingn them.n Then licensed n nursen hasn then primaryn responsibilityn forn administeringn drugs,n althoughn
undern somen circumstancesn an licensed n nursen mayn dispensen prescribed n drugsn but nthisn isnnot n hisn ornhern
majorn responsibilityn inn drugn therapy.n Then pharmacyn techniciann hasn then majorn responsibilityn of n dis
pensingn prescribed n drugsn undern then directionn of n an licensed n pharmacist.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 3
2. Whichn termn describesn then effect n of n an drugn that n improvesn bodyn function?
a. Siden effect
b Intended n action
.
c. Adversen reaction
d Idiosyncraticn response
.
ANS:n B
Then purposen of n drugn therapyn isn ton taken andrugn ton prevent,nreduce,n orn correct n an healthn problem.nT
hisn responsen isn anyn drug’sn intended n actionn alson knownn asn an therapeuticn response.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 3
3. Whichn typen of n drugn namen isn “owned”n byn then companyn that n manufacturesn it?
a. Genericn name
b Chemicaln name
,NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
.
c. Categoryn name
d Traden name
.
ANS:n D
Then chemicaln namen isn an drug’sn exact n chemicaln composition.n Then genericn namen isn then namen assigne
d n ton thendrugn bynthen U.S.n AdoptednNamesn Counciln andnisn not nownedn byn anyone.n Then categoryn nam
en refersn ton then typen ofndrugn (whatnit n doesnorn what nit nisn used nfor)n andn isn notnann actualnd rugn name.n Thent
raden namen (brand n name)n isn then namen provided n and n owned n byn an specificn drug’sn manufacturer.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 4
4. Whichn drugn orn drugn classn isn an “highn alert”n drug?
a. Penicillin
b Insulin
.
c. NSAIDs
d Calcium
.
ANS:n B
An highn alert n drugn isn onen innwhichn harmn isn likelyn ton result n ifn givenn atnthenwrongn dose,ntonthen wrongnpa
tient,n orn not n givenn tonthen correct n patient.n Drugsn classified n asn highn alert n drugsn includen potassium,nnar
coticsn (opioids),n insulin,n cancern chemotherapyn drugs,n and n heparinn (orn anyn drugn that nstronglyn affects
n blood n clotting).n Penicillin,n NSAIDs,n and n calciumn aren not n considered n highn alert n drugs.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 4
5. What n isn then termn forn andrugn that nhasn then samen actionn asn annaturallyn occurringn bodynh
ormonen orn enzyme?
a. Agonist
b Blockingn agent
.
c. Chemical
d Duplicator
.
ANS:n A
An drugn agonist n isn ann extrinsicn drugn that nactivatesnthenreceptorn sitesn of n an celln and n mimicsn thena
ctionsn of n naturallyn occurringn bodyn substancesn (intrinsicn drugs).nA nblockingn agent n isn an drug
,NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
antagonist.nA nchemicaln would n notn necessarilyn ben an drugnat nall.nAnduplicatorn isn not nan pharmacologicnt e
rm.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: pp.n 6-7
6. Whichn termn describesn hown then bodyn affectsn drugn activity?
a. Drugn potency
b Pharmacodynamics
.
c. Therapeuticn effect
d Pharmacokinetics
.
ANS:n D
Then termn pharmacokineticsn refersn ton drugn metabolismn and n how n then bodyn changesn an drug.n Pharmaco
dynamicsn refersn ton hown andrugn worksn ton changenbodynfunction.n Drugn potencyn refersn tonhow n stronglyn
orn ton what n degreen andrugn exertsn itsn effects.n Then therapeuticn effect nisn closern ton pharmacodynamics,n me
aningn how n an drugn worksn ton changen bodyn function.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 10
7. Inn then UnitednStates,n whichn groupnisn responsiblen forn enforcingn established nstandardsnfornd
rugn manufacturing?
a. U.S.n Pharmacopeia
b Nationaln Institutesn of n Health
.
c. Food n and n DrugnAdministration
d Associationn of n Pharmaceuticaln Manufacturers
.
ANS:n C
Then standardsn forn drugn manufacturen aren established nbyn then U.S.nPharmacopeia.n Thesen standardsn ar
en enforced n bynthenFoodnandn DrugnAdministration.n Neithern thenNationaln Institutesn ofn Healthn nornt hen
Associationn of n Pharmaceuticaln Manufacturersn hasn anyn authorityn ton enforcen drugn standards.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 5
8. Whichn factorn isn an majorn disadvantagen of n then transdermaln drugn deliveryn route?
a. Onlyn an prescribern cann administern drugsn byn then transdermaln route.
b Transdermaln drugsn must n ben sterilen rathern thann clean.
.
c. First n passn drugn lossn byn thisn routen isn then most n extensive.
d Drugn absorptionn isn dependent n onn adequaten circulation.
, NURSINGn104 nChaptern01:nDrug nRegulation,nActions,nandnResponses nWorkmann& nLaCharity:nUnderstanding nPharmacology:nEssentialsnfornMedicationnSafety,n2
ndnEdition
.
ANS:n D
Oncen an transdermaln drugn movesn throughn thenskin,n it n must nentern then bloodstreamn tonreachn itsntarget nt i
ssue.n If n circulationn isn poorn ton thenarean wherenthentransdermaln drugn isn applied,nveryn little,n if n any,n of n t
hen drugn willn reachn itsn target n tissue.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Remembering REF: p.n 12
9. How n aren intrinsicn drugsn different n fromn extrinsicn drugs?
a. Intrinsicn drugsn aren maden bynthen body,n whereasn extrinsicn drugsn aren maden outsiden then body.
b Intrinsicn drugsn aren administered n byn then parenteraln route,n whereasn extrinsicn drugsn are
. administered n byn then oraln route.
c. Extrinsicn drugsn cann onlyn ben applied n tonthenskinn orn mucousn membranes,n whereasn intrinsicnd
rugsn aren takenn internally.
d Extrinsicn drugsn requiren an prescriptionn forn administration,n whereasn intrinsicn drugsn are
. availablenover-the-counter.
ANS:n A
Intrinsicn drugsn aren then hormones,n enzymes,n and n othern chemicalsn maden byn thenbodyn that n changen cel
ln activity.n Extrinsicn drugsn aren manufacturednfromnchemical,n animal,n orn plant n sourcesn and nmust nhaven
an meansn of n enteringn then bodyn inn ordern ton changen celln activity.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:n Understanding REF: p.n 3
10. A npatient n asksn whynhisn drugn ton controln highn blood n pressuren hasn onlyn onen genericn namen and nt
won different n traden names.n What n isn yourn best n response?
a. “Most n drugsn haven different n traden namesn that n indicaten different n dosages.”
b “Then twon different ntradennamesn indicatenthat nonenisn an moren purenand n safern drugn thann thenother.”
.
c. “Then genericn namen isn then actualn officialn drugn namen and n then traden namen isn an brand n owned n by
an specificn manufacturer.”
d “If n youn haven insurance,n youn cannget nthen traden namen drug,nwhichn isnusuallyn moren expensivent hann
. then genericn named n drug.”
ANS:n C
Then genericn namen isn then namen assigned n ton then drugnbyn then U.S.nAdopted nNamesn Counciln and nisn not n
owned n byn anyone.n Then tradennamen (brand n name)n isn then namen providednandn ownedn bynanspecificn dru
g’sn manufacturer.n Moren thann onen manufacturern cann makenandnselln then samen drugnat nthensamen timen un
dern an different n tradenname.n Regardlessn of ntraden name,n alln drugsn that n haven then samen genericn namen m
ust n ben aliken inn theirn chemicaln compositionn and n strength.
DIF: Cognitiven Level:nApplyingn orn Higher REF: pp.n 3-4
