TEST BANK FORn n
Guyton and Hall Textbookof Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 14th Edit
n n n n n n n n n n
ion
Chapter 01: Functional Organization oftheHuman Body and Control of the ―Internal Environment
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
‖
Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition
n n n n n n n n n
MULTIPLE CHOICE n
1. Which of the following statements about homeostasis is incorrect?
n n n n n n n n
a. It refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment for the body.
n n n n n n n n n n n n
b. Homeostatic mechanisms do not operate in diseases. n n n n n n
c. Homeostasis requires integrated actions of the cells, tissues, organs, and multiple n n n n n n n n n n
nervous, hormonal, and local control systems. n n n n n
d. Homeostatic compensations that begin after a major environmental challenge may n n n n n n n n n
contribute to abnormalities of body function. n n n n n
ANS: B n
2. What is the most abundant type of cell in the human body?
n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Neuron
b. Epithelial cell n
c. Red blood cell n n
d. White blood cell n n
e. Vascular smooth muscle cell n n n
f. Skeletal muscle cell n n
ANS: C n
3. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that sub
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
stance in the body is which of the following?
n n n n n n n n
a. Protein, 30% n
b. Protein, 60% n
c. Water, 30% n
d. Water, 60% n
e. Carbohydrate, 30% n
f. Carbohydrate, 60% n
ANS: D n
4. If the feedback gain of a control system is
n n 2.0, this means that the system is n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
b. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
c. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
, the system. n
d. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
e. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
f. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
ANS: B n
5. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid con
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
centration ratio for most mammalian cells? n n n n n
a. Sodium ions n
b. Potassium ions n
c. Carbon dioxide n
d. Glucose
e. Protein
ANS: A n
6. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs ma
n n n n n n n n n n n n
inly in which of the following?
n n n n n
a. Arteries
b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
d. Venules
e. Veins
ANS: C n
7. What is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Less than 50 angstroms n n n
b. Less than 50 microns n n n
c. Less than 50 millimeters n n n
d. Less than 100 angstroms n n n
e. Less than 100 microns n n n
f. Less than 100 millimeters n n n
ANS: A n
8. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to trave
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
rse the entire circulatory circuit?
n n n n
a. 1 second n
b. 1 minute n
c. 3 minutes n
d. 4 minutes n
e. 5 minutes n
ANS: B n
9. The type of control system that can sometimes cause instability and vicious cycles is call
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ed
, a. negative feedback. n
b. feed-forward control. n
c. positive feedback. n
d. adaptive feedback. n
e. delayed negative feedback. n n
ANS: C n
10. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the body?
n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Return of blood pressure toward normal after a hemorrhage
n n n n n n n n
b. Generation of action potentials in nerves n n n n n
c. Increased respiration rate caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood
n n n n n n n n n n n
d. Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity that occurs in response to
n n n n n n n n n
increased blood pressure n n
ANS: B n
11. Which of the following is an example of a ―feed-forward‖ control system?
n n n n n n n n n n n
a. The arterial baroreceptor system
n n n
b. The progressive nature of uterine contractions during childbirth
n n n n n n n
c. Control of skeletal muscle movements by the brain
n n n n n n n
d. Generation of an action potential n n n n
ANS: C n
12. Which of the following is an example of negative feedback? Ex
n n n n n n n n n n
ample 1: Arterial baroreceptor control of blood pressure
n n n n n n n
Example 2: Excitation of the respiratory center by increased blood carbon dioxide concentrati
n n n n n n n n n n n n
on
Example 3: Hemorrhagic shock caused by severe blood loss
n n n n n n n n
a. Example 1 only n n
b. Example 2 only n n
c. Example 3 only n n
d. Examples 1 and 2, but not 3 n n n n n n
e. Examples 1, 2, and 3 n n n n
ANS: D n
Chapter 02: The Cell and Its Functions
n n n n n n
Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition
n n n n n n n n n
MULTIPLE CHOICE n
1. The most abundant cell membrane lipids are
n n n n n n
a. sphingolipids.
b. phospholipids.
c. cholesterol.
d. triglycerides.
e. sterols.
, ANS: B n
2. Organelles that neutralize drugs and toxins are
n n n n n n
a. nuclei.
b. mitochondria.
c. lysosomes.
d. peroxisomes.
e. endoplasmic reticulum. n
ANS: D n
3. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in the s
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ynthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
n n n n n n
―Initiation of translation‖
n n
a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum n n
d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum n n
e. Golgi apparatus n
f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Cytosol
ANS: H n
4. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in the s
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ynthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
n n n n n n
―Protein sorting and packaging‖
n n n
a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum n n
d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum n n
e. Golgi apparatus n
f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Lysosomes
ANS: E n
5. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in the s
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ynthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
n n n n n n
―Gene transcription‖
n
a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum n n
d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum n n
e. Golgi apparatus n
f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Lysosomes
Guyton and Hall Textbookof Medical Physiology (Guyton Physiology) 14th Edit
n n n n n n n n n n
ion
Chapter 01: Functional Organization oftheHuman Body and Control of the ―Internal Environment
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
‖
Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition
n n n n n n n n n
MULTIPLE CHOICE n
1. Which of the following statements about homeostasis is incorrect?
n n n n n n n n
a. It refers to the maintenance of a stable internal environment for the body.
n n n n n n n n n n n n
b. Homeostatic mechanisms do not operate in diseases. n n n n n n
c. Homeostasis requires integrated actions of the cells, tissues, organs, and multiple n n n n n n n n n n
nervous, hormonal, and local control systems. n n n n n
d. Homeostatic compensations that begin after a major environmental challenge may n n n n n n n n n
contribute to abnormalities of body function. n n n n n
ANS: B n
2. What is the most abundant type of cell in the human body?
n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Neuron
b. Epithelial cell n
c. Red blood cell n n
d. White blood cell n n
e. Vascular smooth muscle cell n n n
f. Skeletal muscle cell n n
ANS: C n
3. The most abundant substance in the human body and the approximate percentage of that sub
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
stance in the body is which of the following?
n n n n n n n n
a. Protein, 30% n
b. Protein, 60% n
c. Water, 30% n
d. Water, 60% n
e. Carbohydrate, 30% n
f. Carbohydrate, 60% n
ANS: D n
4. If the feedback gain of a control system is
n n 2.0, this means that the system is n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
b. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
c. a negative feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
, the system. n
d. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 1/2 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
e. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 2/3 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
f. a positive feedback system capable of correcting 3/4 of the initial disturbance to
n n n n n n n n n n n n
the system. n
ANS: B n
5. Which of the following substances has the highest extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid con
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
centration ratio for most mammalian cells? n n n n n
a. Sodium ions n
b. Potassium ions n
c. Carbon dioxide n
d. Glucose
e. Protein
ANS: A n
6. Exchange of substances between the cardiovascular system and the interstitial fluid occurs ma
n n n n n n n n n n n n
inly in which of the following?
n n n n n
a. Arteries
b. Arterioles
c. Capillaries
d. Venules
e. Veins
ANS: C n
7. What is the approximate distance from the capillaries to most cells of the body?
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Less than 50 angstroms n n n
b. Less than 50 microns n n n
c. Less than 50 millimeters n n n
d. Less than 100 angstroms n n n
e. Less than 100 microns n n n
f. Less than 100 millimeters n n n
ANS: A n
8. When a person is at rest, how much time is required for the blood in the circulation to trave
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
rse the entire circulatory circuit?
n n n n
a. 1 second n
b. 1 minute n
c. 3 minutes n
d. 4 minutes n
e. 5 minutes n
ANS: B n
9. The type of control system that can sometimes cause instability and vicious cycles is call
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ed
, a. negative feedback. n
b. feed-forward control. n
c. positive feedback. n
d. adaptive feedback. n
e. delayed negative feedback. n n
ANS: C n
10. Which of the following is an example of positive feedback in the body?
n n n n n n n n n n n n
a. Return of blood pressure toward normal after a hemorrhage
n n n n n n n n
b. Generation of action potentials in nerves n n n n n
c. Increased respiration rate caused by accumulation of carbon dioxide in the blood
n n n n n n n n n n n
d. Decreased sympathetic nervous system activity that occurs in response to
n n n n n n n n n
increased blood pressure n n
ANS: B n
11. Which of the following is an example of a ―feed-forward‖ control system?
n n n n n n n n n n n
a. The arterial baroreceptor system
n n n
b. The progressive nature of uterine contractions during childbirth
n n n n n n n
c. Control of skeletal muscle movements by the brain
n n n n n n n
d. Generation of an action potential n n n n
ANS: C n
12. Which of the following is an example of negative feedback? Ex
n n n n n n n n n n
ample 1: Arterial baroreceptor control of blood pressure
n n n n n n n
Example 2: Excitation of the respiratory center by increased blood carbon dioxide concentrati
n n n n n n n n n n n n
on
Example 3: Hemorrhagic shock caused by severe blood loss
n n n n n n n n
a. Example 1 only n n
b. Example 2 only n n
c. Example 3 only n n
d. Examples 1 and 2, but not 3 n n n n n n
e. Examples 1, 2, and 3 n n n n
ANS: D n
Chapter 02: The Cell and Its Functions
n n n n n n
Hall: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th Edition
n n n n n n n n n
MULTIPLE CHOICE n
1. The most abundant cell membrane lipids are
n n n n n n
a. sphingolipids.
b. phospholipids.
c. cholesterol.
d. triglycerides.
e. sterols.
, ANS: B n
2. Organelles that neutralize drugs and toxins are
n n n n n n
a. nuclei.
b. mitochondria.
c. lysosomes.
d. peroxisomes.
e. endoplasmic reticulum. n
ANS: D n
3. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in the s
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ynthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
n n n n n n
―Initiation of translation‖
n n
a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum n n
d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum n n
e. Golgi apparatus n
f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Cytosol
ANS: H n
4. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in the s
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ynthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
n n n n n n
―Protein sorting and packaging‖
n n n
a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum n n
d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum n n
e. Golgi apparatus n
f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Lysosomes
ANS: E n
5. Use the terms in the following list to identify the cellular location for the steps involved in the s
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ynthesis and packaging of a secreted protein.
n n n n n n
―Gene transcription‖
n
a. Nucleolus
b. Nucleus
c. Agranular endoplasmic reticulum n n
d. Granular endoplasmic reticulum n n
e. Golgi apparatus n
f. Endosomes
g. Peroxisomes
h. Lysosomes
