BIO 140 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH 100%RATED
ANSWERS 2024/2025 LATEST UPDATED/GET A+
What do biologists mean when they say unity in diversity? - all organisms are different but they
are made from the same basic unit of life
How old is the earth? - 4.5 billion years old
How long ago has life been present on earth? - 3.8 billion years ago first fossils
how is life thought to have originated on earth (three events) - 1. RNA developed
2. RNA can serve as an enzyme and create other molecules
3. phospholipid bilayer creates a membrane to pull everything into one place (aka create a cell)
what molecule is thought to have been the genetic material in early cells - RNA
how might RNA have resulted in more complex molecules? - RNA has the ability to fold on
itself and create 3D structures that can act as catalysts (enzymes) which create more complex
molecules
most likely, how did the first cell membranes form? - phospholipid bilayer
what three properties did the first cells have? - simple,
single celled,
small,
formed in a water environment
How did photosynthesis promote the movement of life to land? - 1. living things could capture
energy from the sun, and created O2
2. O2 in the atmosphere became O3 (ozone) which protects the earth from UV rays
3. life could move to land without being destroyed
what is the advantage for multicellular organisms vs unicellular organisms? - multicellular
organisms have longer life spans because of their ability to perform multiple functions due to
their number of cells
Stanley Miller's experiment - science dude created a simulated earth environment to determine
the possibility of spontaneous life formation
"ocean"--water
"atmosphere"--heat, methane, ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen, with electrical sparks transmitted
through electrodes to stimulate lightning
, Samples collected: organic molecules formaldehyde (CH20) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN),
amino acids, and hydrocarbons
why did Stanley Miller's experiment matter? - proves a great likelihood that organic molecules
were able to synthesize spontaneously on earth
what three domains of organisms exist on earth? - 1. eukarya
2. archaea
3. bacteria
what are the six kingdoms of organisms existing on earth? - 1. plants
2. animals
3. fungi
4. protista
5. bacteria
6. archaea
what are the four most common elements associated with life? - Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
what is an orbital? - the path an electron travels around the nucleus of a molecule
what are the four types of bonds? - 1. covalent
2. polar covalent
3. ionic
4. hydrogen
ionic bonds - formed between ions, an electrical reaction between opposites occur (complete
transfer of valence electrons)
very strong, except in water
ex: sodium chloride (NaCl)
covalent bonds - when two molecules share electrons
very strong
ex: hydrogen, oxygen, water, methane
polar covalent bonds - when electrons spend more time in the nucleus, resulting in a partial
positive charge of the element that allows it to bond with partial negatively charged molecules
weak bond
ANSWERS 2024/2025 LATEST UPDATED/GET A+
What do biologists mean when they say unity in diversity? - all organisms are different but they
are made from the same basic unit of life
How old is the earth? - 4.5 billion years old
How long ago has life been present on earth? - 3.8 billion years ago first fossils
how is life thought to have originated on earth (three events) - 1. RNA developed
2. RNA can serve as an enzyme and create other molecules
3. phospholipid bilayer creates a membrane to pull everything into one place (aka create a cell)
what molecule is thought to have been the genetic material in early cells - RNA
how might RNA have resulted in more complex molecules? - RNA has the ability to fold on
itself and create 3D structures that can act as catalysts (enzymes) which create more complex
molecules
most likely, how did the first cell membranes form? - phospholipid bilayer
what three properties did the first cells have? - simple,
single celled,
small,
formed in a water environment
How did photosynthesis promote the movement of life to land? - 1. living things could capture
energy from the sun, and created O2
2. O2 in the atmosphere became O3 (ozone) which protects the earth from UV rays
3. life could move to land without being destroyed
what is the advantage for multicellular organisms vs unicellular organisms? - multicellular
organisms have longer life spans because of their ability to perform multiple functions due to
their number of cells
Stanley Miller's experiment - science dude created a simulated earth environment to determine
the possibility of spontaneous life formation
"ocean"--water
"atmosphere"--heat, methane, ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen, with electrical sparks transmitted
through electrodes to stimulate lightning
, Samples collected: organic molecules formaldehyde (CH20) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN),
amino acids, and hydrocarbons
why did Stanley Miller's experiment matter? - proves a great likelihood that organic molecules
were able to synthesize spontaneously on earth
what three domains of organisms exist on earth? - 1. eukarya
2. archaea
3. bacteria
what are the six kingdoms of organisms existing on earth? - 1. plants
2. animals
3. fungi
4. protista
5. bacteria
6. archaea
what are the four most common elements associated with life? - Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
what is an orbital? - the path an electron travels around the nucleus of a molecule
what are the four types of bonds? - 1. covalent
2. polar covalent
3. ionic
4. hydrogen
ionic bonds - formed between ions, an electrical reaction between opposites occur (complete
transfer of valence electrons)
very strong, except in water
ex: sodium chloride (NaCl)
covalent bonds - when two molecules share electrons
very strong
ex: hydrogen, oxygen, water, methane
polar covalent bonds - when electrons spend more time in the nucleus, resulting in a partial
positive charge of the element that allows it to bond with partial negatively charged molecules
weak bond
