NR 658 RUSS CONG EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

NR 658 RUSS CONG EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED Practice questions for this set Terms in this set (139) How many spatial operations? hundreds simplest selection form? on screen query ( can use set and boolean algebra as well) Three scopes of spatial data Global, neighborhood, and local Multiple selection criterea verbal opertions Set algebra state = new york Boolean algebra A and B, A or B, A, Neither a Nor B Adjacency Identifies features that touch each other. Be careful with the word touch Spatial Selection Operations and what are they used for Proximity- identifies features within a distance Indicator Variable- used to record a set membership Containment- to identify features contianed within or surrounding. Other names for classification include recoding and reclassification (associated with selection operations.) group attributes into simpler classes. binary recoding ex: states west of misssipi and not manual vs automated classification Mnual process is cumbersome: always have to build the table Automated uses a rule to specify the input class to output class assignments. Not always the ideal boundaries. example of automated classification: equal interval- equal area, natural breaks, What is the modifiable areal unit problem when there are no objectively recognizable cateogries, polygons may be groupedi n many ways. zone effect and size effect. Dissolve Used to combine like features within a data layer Performed when many polygons having the same attributes are now ADJACENT to each other as the result of some spatial analysis. Usually applied to a specific dissolve attrtribute associated with a feature. Attribute Aggregation if you dissolve based on an attribute you will sum all of the total of the attribute proximity functions and analysis MOST POWERFUL AND COMMON GIS ANALYSIS Involves mearuements of distances most common is buffering **** No such thing as raster buffer? FALSE Buffer Vectors for points lines and polgyons equal area buffer around them. different type of point buffers simple buffer, disolved overlap compound buffer, overlap identified, and nested buffers. example of a line buffer variable distance buffer Overlay functions Major GIS analysis tool which is a significant contributing factor in the development of a GIS Overlay in Vector and Raster Requires good coordinate transformation(registration) simpler to perform in raster due to cell sizes more complex in vector due to mathematics Special cases of overlay Clip Union and intersect Clipping taking the area of one layer using the feature of another. intersect Intersect is where the two layers meet but nothing from the disctinct layers Union union includes all features involved in the spatial operation LARGEST Problems in vector overlay Slivers- where the edges do not match up exactly. Edge Matching Aligns features along the edge of one layer to features of an adjoining layer Raster Overlay much simpler EQUAL AREA CELLS Topics of Raster Analysis Tremendous history of raster Analysis where it all began simple elegant flexible early software development extensivley used in modeling now it is raster and vector not raster vs vector.