4/9/25, 7:40
AM
PSYC 388 Exam 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (202)
the degree of correlation between the occurrence of a antecedent stimulus and
Stimulus control
the occurrence fo a response
a strong correlation between the occurrence of a particular stimulus and a
particular response
effective stimulus control
(when the stimulus occurs, the response is likely to follow)
Discriminative stimulus also known as SD
SD a stimulus that signals the the availability of a consequential stimulus
Cue that a particular response will pay off
SD
A discriminative stimulus for the availability of reinforcement for responding
___ is an ___ which in its presence the consequential operation is in effect
SD; antecedent stimulus
in its absence, the behavior can occur, but the consequential operation is not in
effect
Extinction stimulus also known as an S-Delta
an antecedent stimulus
a behavior can occur in its presence, but the consequential operation is not in
S-Delta
effect
consequential operation is only in effect in its absence
Is a cue that a particular response will not pay off
S-Delta
A discriminative stimulus for the non-availability of reinforcement for responding
(i.e., extinction)
(TB) the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or
situation and the effect of the response becoming more probable not only in the
presence of that stimulus or situation, but also in the presence of another
stimulus or situation
Operant Stimulus generalization
Instead of discriminating between two stimuli and responding differently to them,
an individual responds in the same way to two different stimuli
Stimulus generalization is the opposite of stimulus discrimination
a set of stimuli, all of which have one or more physical characteristics in common
Common-element stimulus class Ex. Cars have 4 wheels, windows, and a steering wheel
(conceptual behavior)
a set of completely dissimilar stimuli which an individual has learned to group or
match together or respond to in the same way
Stimulus equivalence class
Ex. Carrot, milk, steak
Stimulus equivalence requires: Reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity
Reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity Stimulus equivalence requires:
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AM
involves recognizing instances of a stimulus
Reflexivity
ex) a child is able to match 3 to 3, III to III
involves being able to recognize the equality of two different stimuli, so that if
Symmetry
A=B, the B=A
as a result of learning to match A to B and B to C, an individual now matches C
to A without specific training to do so
Transitivity
(THIS IS WHAT'S MENTIONED LATER)
if a response that has been reinforced to one stimulus occurs to a different
stimulus (due to unlearned generalization, the learning of a common-element
stimulus generalization
stimulus class, or the learning of a stimulus equivalence class), we say that______has
occurred.
1) Choosing distinct signals
influences of operant 2)minimizing opportunities for error
stimulus discrimination 3) Maximizing number of trials
training 4) Using rules: describe the contingencies
1) Choosing distinct signals influences of operant stimulus discrimination training
2)minimizing opportunities for error
3) Maximizing number of trials
4) Using rules: describe the contingencies
If it is important to develop stimulus control of a particular behavior, it is often
Choosing distinct signals
desirable to identify controlling SDs that are very distinctive
Stim different from other stim in more than one way
stim presented only when response wanted
Choosing distinct signals
high probability the person will attend to the stim
undesirable responses controlled by the stim
Stim different from other stim in more Choosing distinct signals
than one way
stim presented only when response
wanted
high probability the person will attend to
the stim
undesirable responses controlled by the
stim
During discrimination training, a response to an S-Delta or a failure to respond to
Error
an SD = ____
Stimulus control can be developed most effectively when the behavior modifier
minimizes the possibility of errors
___
A Contingency = an if-then type of arrangement
We say that the appearance of water is contingent upon the turning of the faucet
= example of a two-term (behavior-consequence) contingency
three-term contingency
If we describe both the antecedents and the consequences of a behavior = a ___
Behavior that develops because of its immediate consequences through trial and
Contingency-shaped behavior
error
2/
7
AM
PSYC 388 Exam 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED
Terms in this set (202)
the degree of correlation between the occurrence of a antecedent stimulus and
Stimulus control
the occurrence fo a response
a strong correlation between the occurrence of a particular stimulus and a
particular response
effective stimulus control
(when the stimulus occurs, the response is likely to follow)
Discriminative stimulus also known as SD
SD a stimulus that signals the the availability of a consequential stimulus
Cue that a particular response will pay off
SD
A discriminative stimulus for the availability of reinforcement for responding
___ is an ___ which in its presence the consequential operation is in effect
SD; antecedent stimulus
in its absence, the behavior can occur, but the consequential operation is not in
effect
Extinction stimulus also known as an S-Delta
an antecedent stimulus
a behavior can occur in its presence, but the consequential operation is not in
S-Delta
effect
consequential operation is only in effect in its absence
Is a cue that a particular response will not pay off
S-Delta
A discriminative stimulus for the non-availability of reinforcement for responding
(i.e., extinction)
(TB) the procedure of reinforcing a response in the presence of a stimulus or
situation and the effect of the response becoming more probable not only in the
presence of that stimulus or situation, but also in the presence of another
stimulus or situation
Operant Stimulus generalization
Instead of discriminating between two stimuli and responding differently to them,
an individual responds in the same way to two different stimuli
Stimulus generalization is the opposite of stimulus discrimination
a set of stimuli, all of which have one or more physical characteristics in common
Common-element stimulus class Ex. Cars have 4 wheels, windows, and a steering wheel
(conceptual behavior)
a set of completely dissimilar stimuli which an individual has learned to group or
match together or respond to in the same way
Stimulus equivalence class
Ex. Carrot, milk, steak
Stimulus equivalence requires: Reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity
Reflexivity, symmetry, and transitivity Stimulus equivalence requires:
1/
7
, 4/9/25, 7:40
AM
involves recognizing instances of a stimulus
Reflexivity
ex) a child is able to match 3 to 3, III to III
involves being able to recognize the equality of two different stimuli, so that if
Symmetry
A=B, the B=A
as a result of learning to match A to B and B to C, an individual now matches C
to A without specific training to do so
Transitivity
(THIS IS WHAT'S MENTIONED LATER)
if a response that has been reinforced to one stimulus occurs to a different
stimulus (due to unlearned generalization, the learning of a common-element
stimulus generalization
stimulus class, or the learning of a stimulus equivalence class), we say that______has
occurred.
1) Choosing distinct signals
influences of operant 2)minimizing opportunities for error
stimulus discrimination 3) Maximizing number of trials
training 4) Using rules: describe the contingencies
1) Choosing distinct signals influences of operant stimulus discrimination training
2)minimizing opportunities for error
3) Maximizing number of trials
4) Using rules: describe the contingencies
If it is important to develop stimulus control of a particular behavior, it is often
Choosing distinct signals
desirable to identify controlling SDs that are very distinctive
Stim different from other stim in more than one way
stim presented only when response wanted
Choosing distinct signals
high probability the person will attend to the stim
undesirable responses controlled by the stim
Stim different from other stim in more Choosing distinct signals
than one way
stim presented only when response
wanted
high probability the person will attend to
the stim
undesirable responses controlled by the
stim
During discrimination training, a response to an S-Delta or a failure to respond to
Error
an SD = ____
Stimulus control can be developed most effectively when the behavior modifier
minimizes the possibility of errors
___
A Contingency = an if-then type of arrangement
We say that the appearance of water is contingent upon the turning of the faucet
= example of a two-term (behavior-consequence) contingency
three-term contingency
If we describe both the antecedents and the consequences of a behavior = a ___
Behavior that develops because of its immediate consequences through trial and
Contingency-shaped behavior
error
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