PHARMACOLOGY ATI PROCTORED ACTUAL EXAM NEWEST
VERSION 2024-2025 WITH NGN FORMAT QUESTION AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES RATED
AGRADE
A nurse is providing teaching with a client, who has schizophrenia, about strategies to
minimize the anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse suggest for the client? - Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.
When taking action, the nurse should instruct the client who is taking fluphenazine and is
experiencing anticholinergic effects to chew sugarless gum. This instruction would provide
moisture to the client's mouth and decrease the severity of dry mouth which is an
anticholinergic adverse effect.
Gentamicin - Gentamicin is a narrow-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic prescribed to treat
serious infections caused by aerobic bacilli
Complications of Gentamicin - Gentamicin can injure cells of the proximal renal tubules.
Naproxen and other NSAIDs can cause renal insufficiency.
The glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys decreases with advanced age, making this client
at increased risk for nephrotoxicity.
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient taking Gentamicin? - BUN
Blood creatinine
Peak and trough levels of gentamicin
Specific gravity of urine
Urinalysis
,BUN - blood urea nitrogen
Nursing actions for a client taking gentamicin - Monitor intake and output.
Notify the provider of low urinary output.
Ensure that the client is adequately hydrated and monitor for fluid overload.
Assess for manifestations of ototoxicity.
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. The nurse is responsible for gaining and
maintaining knowledge about which of the following medication information? - Adverse
Effects
Mechanism of Action
Contraindications
Use knowledge of the therapeutic effect and common adverse effects of medications to
compare expected outcomes with actual findings
total parenteral nutrition (TPN) - nutrient-complete solution given directly into bloodstream
when person cannot eat by mouth
A nurse is preparing to complete an incident report for a medication error. What information
(4 things) should the nurse include in the report? - Time of the incident
who was notified of the incident
actions taken following the incident
client identification
Adverse effects of oxybutynin - Anticholinergic effects
, (dry mouth, eyes,)
blurred vision
Hypotension
peripheral edema
QT interval prolongation
adverse effects of fentanyl patches - Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
Constipation
Nausea or Vomiting
Clients who use fentanyl patches will likely need to take what on a daily basis? - Take a stool
softener on a daily basis. Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use and stool softeners
can decrease the severity
Adverse effects of haloperidol - extrapyrimidal symptoms
extrapyramidal symptoms - involuntary fine motor tremors, rigidity, uncontrollable
retlessness, dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia
When using dopamine to treat heart failure, what are signs to watch indicating the
medication is effective - Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect,
which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion. You might notice increased urine
output as well
Adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide - Dizziness, vertigo, orthostatic hypotension, nausea,
anorexia, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, polyuria, nocturia, muscle cramps, or spasms.
(think: LOWERS BP)
VERSION 2024-2025 WITH NGN FORMAT QUESTION AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES RATED
AGRADE
A nurse is providing teaching with a client, who has schizophrenia, about strategies to
minimize the anticholinergic effects of fluphenazine. Which of the following instructions
should the nurse suggest for the client? - Chew sugarless gum to moisten the mouth.
When taking action, the nurse should instruct the client who is taking fluphenazine and is
experiencing anticholinergic effects to chew sugarless gum. This instruction would provide
moisture to the client's mouth and decrease the severity of dry mouth which is an
anticholinergic adverse effect.
Gentamicin - Gentamicin is a narrow-spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic prescribed to treat
serious infections caused by aerobic bacilli
Complications of Gentamicin - Gentamicin can injure cells of the proximal renal tubules.
Naproxen and other NSAIDs can cause renal insufficiency.
The glomerular filtration rate of the kidneys decreases with advanced age, making this client
at increased risk for nephrotoxicity.
What lab values should a nurse monitor for a patient taking Gentamicin? - BUN
Blood creatinine
Peak and trough levels of gentamicin
Specific gravity of urine
Urinalysis
,BUN - blood urea nitrogen
Nursing actions for a client taking gentamicin - Monitor intake and output.
Notify the provider of low urinary output.
Ensure that the client is adequately hydrated and monitor for fluid overload.
Assess for manifestations of ototoxicity.
A nurse is preparing a client's medications. The nurse is responsible for gaining and
maintaining knowledge about which of the following medication information? - Adverse
Effects
Mechanism of Action
Contraindications
Use knowledge of the therapeutic effect and common adverse effects of medications to
compare expected outcomes with actual findings
total parenteral nutrition (TPN) - nutrient-complete solution given directly into bloodstream
when person cannot eat by mouth
A nurse is preparing to complete an incident report for a medication error. What information
(4 things) should the nurse include in the report? - Time of the incident
who was notified of the incident
actions taken following the incident
client identification
Adverse effects of oxybutynin - Anticholinergic effects
, (dry mouth, eyes,)
blurred vision
Hypotension
peripheral edema
QT interval prolongation
adverse effects of fentanyl patches - Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
Constipation
Nausea or Vomiting
Clients who use fentanyl patches will likely need to take what on a daily basis? - Take a stool
softener on a daily basis. Constipation is an adverse effect of opioid use and stool softeners
can decrease the severity
Adverse effects of haloperidol - extrapyrimidal symptoms
extrapyramidal symptoms - involuntary fine motor tremors, rigidity, uncontrollable
retlessness, dystonia, pseudoparkinsonism, and akathisia
When using dopamine to treat heart failure, what are signs to watch indicating the
medication is effective - Dopamine is an adrenergic that causes a receptor specificity effect,
which increases cardiac output and improves perfusion. You might notice increased urine
output as well
Adverse effects of Hydrochlorothiazide - Dizziness, vertigo, orthostatic hypotension, nausea,
anorexia, vomiting, dry mouth, diarrhea, polyuria, nocturia, muscle cramps, or spasms.
(think: LOWERS BP)
