NURS 480: EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

NURS 480: EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 5.0 (1 review) Terms in this set (102) Community Group or collection of individuals interacting in social units and sharing common interests, cultural values and goals Aggregate Subgroups (of a community) with common characteristics or concerns. (e.g. elderly, women, etc.) - an individual can belong to many of these! Population Geographically defined by county, state, or country; at-risk groups Population Health Policies, programs, and interventions at the individual and social levels- focuses on society-wide health issues and health issues of particular high-risk groups and emphasizes three pillars: public health, health care, public policy - outcomes, management, accountability Embodiment Theory Theories Guiding Population Models Production and reproduction of social and biological inequities - human body absorbs social stressors from the environment- biological response to working conditions and life - SDOH and inequities impact health biologically Historical Trauma Theories Guiding Population Models Physical, psych, and socioeconomic vulnerable impact across generations due to historical experienced trauma - ex: slavery Social Status Syndrome Theories Guiding Population Models Your place on the social gradient ladder directly drives your health Allostatic Load Theory Theories Guiding Population Models With chronic exposure to stress, your body never gets to go back to homeostasis ability- always on fight or flight mode which effects health short-term and long- term - stop those constant sources of chronic stress! Weathering Hypothesis Theories Guiding Population Models Dominant groups promote their own cultural groups in order to maintain dominance over other groups - ex: early fertility patterns in AA mothers as a way of survival in high poverty urban areas - consider social inequalities that are attached to those practices because they are happening for survival Fundamental Causes Theories Guiding Population Models Social conditions are fundamental causes of health inequalities- drive health inequalities Fetal Origin Theory Theories Guiding Population Models What’s happening in the mother (SES and environment) trans-utero transcends and predicts the trajectory of the fetus later in life - your stress impacts your future child- domino effect Epigenetics Theories Guiding Population Models Different people’s bodies express different proteins which reflect different traits and attributes Community Health Nursing Extends the realm of public health…to include organized health efforts at the community level through both government and private efforts- focuses on a group of individuals within a geographically or culturally defined group - ex: AHA, American Red Cross; actions to improve education, reduce unemployment, or enhance a community’s built environment. - collaborative, initiatives, and empowerment Public Health The art and science of 1) preventing disease, 2) prolonging life, and 3) promoting health through organized community efforts to benefit each citizen- social justice!! Social Justice Entitles all people to basic necessities such as adequate income and health protection, and accepts collective burdens to make it possible Public Health Nursing Focuses on population health (inequities and sub-population needs) through surveillance and assessment of SDOH with the intent to promote health and wellness, prevent disease, disability, and premature death - primary prevention with a goal of health equity - key areas: o racism, poverty (SDOH), refugee health, emergency preparedness, environmental justice, population health, violence Context Community as a _______________ - settings in which people live and work - how you are looking at the health and wellbeing of people within the context of the community in which they live - looking at environment, at parks and recreation Client Community as a _______________ - large scale interventions directed at communities can have larger impact than individual interventions- impact community context - at level of: community, population, aggregate individuals Setting/Care Environment Community as a _______________ - home care (acute and long term) - case/care management - primary care - health education - school nurses; OHN - health promotion - screening - wellness clinics - public health: immunizations - disease detectives (communicable disease) - home and community based services - program administrators - quality assurance Partner Model Community as a _______________ - nursing process applied to a community - model of person, environment, health, and nursing Level 1/Primary Prevention of problems before they occur (immunizations, safe sex education) Level 2/Secondary Early detection and intervention to reduce severity (screenings for STDs, blood sugar pokes) Level 3/Tertiary Correction and prevention of deterioration of a disease state, reduce the disease impact (teaching insulin administration in the home, diabetes foot care) Upstream Thinking Want to prevent detrimental patient outcomes downstream by thinking about what is causing the issues in the community upstream - prevention and population-based care through community impacts (modifying factors) - root cause analysis! Health Inequality Differences in the distribution of a health outcomes across populations - quality of being unequal or uneven, differences in social hierarchy Health Disparities Preventable differences in the burden of disease, injury, violence, or opportunities to achieve optimal health that are experienced by socially disadvantaged populations Health Inequity Disparities in metrics of health outcomes due to avoidable differences in social economic geographical and healthcare resources that are unfair and unjust - provide things the population needs, equity values everyone equally