COMPLETE TEST BANK - Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice 4th Edition by Butts & Rich, All 26 Chapters Covered, Verified Latest Edition

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PHILOSOPHIES AND THEORIES FOR ADVANCED
NURSING PRACTICE 4TH EDITION /ALL CHAPTERS 1-
26




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Chapter 1 – F2 F2



F2 Philosophy of Science: An Introduction F2 F2 F2 F2




1. Why are natural sciences also referred to as “pure” sciences?
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A. They are considered stand-alone bodies of unique knowledge.
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B. They are the only sciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
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C. They are the original sciences upon which all others are based.
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D. They are not affected by subjectivity in the way other sciences are.
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Accurate answer:-A F2




2. Which is not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?
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A. Social work F2


B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care disparit F2 F2 F2


iesD. Pathology
F2 F 2




Accurate answer:-D F2




3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowled
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ge in theworld. As a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the ex
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periments she performs and does consider herself merely a disconnected observer
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of phenomenon.
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Roberta’s views are most closTeElySrT
efB
leA
ctN
ivKe SoE
F2 fwLhLiEchRs.chCoOoM
l of scientific thought?
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A. Natural Scien F2


ceB. Human Scie
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nce
C. Applied Science
F2 F2


D. Soft ScienceAc
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curate answer:-B F2




4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
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A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order to
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meet sometype of human need.
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B. Examination of the decisions made by a scientist to understand the ways
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in whichsubjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
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C. Reproducible experimental results that do not take researcher individuality into ac
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count.
D. Improving the situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate
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results

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in repeat experimen
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ts.

Accurate answer:-C F2




5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
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A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding by uncovering the
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2commonsubjective biases of different disciplines.
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B. Improvement of the quality of life by understanding what helps people maxi
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mize theirfunctional abilities.
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C. Utilization of knowledge by applying it to a specific aim in order to better a sit
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uationor change viewpoints.
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D. Development of knowledge for the sake of developing knowledge, discovering
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truth, andcontrolling outcomes.
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Accurate answer:-D F2




6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supe
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rvisor has asked both of them to perform the same experiment using the same
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procedure and equipment. After they’ve both completed their task, the compar
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e their results and discoverthat they are nearly identical. Which of the five criteri
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a for science does Gretchen and
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Peter’s discovery exemplify?
F2 F2




A. Intersubjective testability F2


B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision F2 F2


D. Coherence

Accurate answer:-A F2




7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
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A. Thinking for the sake of thinking. F2 F2 F2 F2 F2


B. Utilization of process and outcome. F2 F2 F2 F2


C. Demarcation of wholeness and holism. F2 F2 F2 F2


D. Application of epistemology and ontology. F2 F2 F2 F2




Accurate answer:-C F2




8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated by past experiences is an example of wh
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ich sourceof knowledge?
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