NU3079 – NURSING MCQ EXAM
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
Types of uterine cancer - Answer-Endometrial cancer - develops in the endometrium
(inner lining of the uterus)
Uterine sarcoma - develops in the myometrium (muscle wall of uterus), very rare
Diagnostic investigations of uterine cancer - Answer-Endometrial biopsy, hysterscopy,
transvaginal ultrasound
Causes / risk factors of uterine cancer - Answer-Obesity, PCOS, women with irregular
menstruation, late menopause (>50 years), breast / ovarian / colon CA, family hx,
women whose mothers took diethyl stibestrol during pregnancy, exposure to radiation,
lynch syndrome (heredity, cororectal cancer), prolonged exposure to estrogen without
progesterone
Clinical manifestations of uterine cancer - Answer-Pelvic / lower back / right iliac / left
iliac pain, dysmenorrhea, recurrent UTI, metrorrhagia, fatigue, malaise, recurrent fungal
infection, dyspareunia, heaviness / fullness / pressure in pelvis, constipation,
incontinence
What's a cystocele? - Answer-The wall between the bladder & the vagina weakness
Treatment of miscarriage - Answer-Evacuation of retained products of conception
What is a subtotal hysterectomy? - Answer-involves removal only of the uterus, and
cervical stump either vagianally adominally, or laparoscopically
What is a total hysterectomy? - Answer-removal of the uterus and the cervix
What is a radical hysterectomy? - Answer-Uterus, cervix & ovaries are removes,
induces surgical menopause
Indications for a hysterectomy - Answer-Uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, advanced
cervical cancer, endometriosis, severe PID (rare), uterine prolapse, hemorrhage in child
birth, family hx of uterine cancer, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, fibroids, leiomyomas,
prophylactic oophorectomy (to prevent ovarian cancer)
,What's a urethrocele? - Answer-A pelvic organ prolapses in which the urethra moves
from its normal position & presses against the front wall of the vagina
What's a rectocele? - Answer-A pelvic organ prolapse in which the supportive wall
between the rectum & vagina weakens
What's a enterocele? - Answer-Occurs when the small intestine descends into the lower
pelvic cavity & pushes at the top part of the vagina
Clinical manifestations of a uterine prolapse - Answer-Pelvic / lower back / right iliac /
left iliac pain, dysmenorrhea, recurrent UTI, metorrhagia, fatigue, malaise, recurrent
fungal infections, dyspareunia, heaviness / fullness / pressure in pelvis, constipation,
incontinence
Causes / risk factors of a uterine prolapse - Answer-Presence of cysts / fibroids,
endometriosis, idiopathic tumors, family hx, multiple vaginal deliveries, vaginal birth to a
large baby
Treatment for first degree uterine prolapse - Answer-Manchester repair
Treatment for second degree uterine prolapse - Answer-Surgical repair
Treatment for third degree uterine prolapse - Answer-Hysterectomy
Clinical manifestations of a vaginal prolapse - Answer-Protruding tissue from vaginal
opening, pain, bulging sensation, feeing of fullness / heaviness, lower back pain, feeling
like something is slipping out of vagina, urinary incontinence, recurrent UTI,
constipation, inability to insert tampon / have sexual intercourse
Treatment of vaginal prolapse - Answer-Vaginal vault suspension surgery - attaching
vagina to ligaments inside pelvis
Sacroplexy - attaching a piece of mesh to vagina & securing the mesh to th tailbone to
give the vagina a lift, done through small incision in the abdomen
Colpoclesis -stitching the vagina shut, cannot have penetrative sex
What are uterine fibroids / myomas / fibromas? - Answer-Firm / compact tumors that are
made of smooth muscle cells & fibrous CT that develop in the uterus, growths are
typically benign
Clinical manifestations of fibroids - Answer-Pain, menorrhagia, asymptomatic, pelvic
pain, frequent urination, lower back pain, palpable mass located near the middle of
pelvis, dyspareunia, anemia (due to heavy / prolonged bleeding)
, Diagnostic investigations of fibroids - Answer-X-ray, transvaginal ultrasound, MRI,
hystersalpingography, hysterscopy + endometrial biopsy, FBC (anemia)
Causes / risk factors of fibroids - Answer-Each tumor develops from a muscle cell in the
uterus which multiples rapidly due to the influence of estrogen, idiopathic, menopause,
obesity, nulliparity
Treatment for fibroids - Answer-Watchful waiting - as most fibroids stop growing or even
shrink as woman approaches menopause
Hysterectomy
Myomectomy - surgical removal of the fibroids (uterus remains intact)
Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist - lowers estrogen & triggers medical
menopause
Uterine artery embolization - minimally invasive, the arteries supplying the blood to the
fibroids are identifies then embolized
Clinical manifestations of an ectopic pregnancy - Answer-Pregnancy like symptoms,
localized abdominal pain (usually unilateral), amenorrhea, positive pregnancy test,
vaginal bleeding / spotting, shoulder tip pain, abdominal distension, dizziness, fainting,
pyrexia
Causes / risk factors of an ectopic pregnancy - Answer-Idiopathic, previous ectopic
pregnancy, implantation with IUD insitu, previous surgery on uterine tube, pelvic
surgery, exposure to diethylstillbestrol in utero, infection (e.g chlamydia, gonorrhea,
PID), fibroids, assisted reproductive techniques, over 40 years.
Treatment for ectopic pregnancy - Answer-Self-resolve / tubular abortion - embryo is
expelled by the Fallopian tube before rupture occurs, rare
Immunosuppressant (e.g Methotrexate) - stops cellular division
Salpingotomy - open tube & remove pregnancy
Anti-D - If mother is Rh neg
6 P's of compartment syndrome - Answer-Pain, pallor, paralysis, paraesthesia,
pulselessness, Pokilothermia (irregular temperature)
When does bone ossification occur after a fracture? - Answer-3 weeks to 6 months
What is the worst type of fracture? - Answer-Comminuted
REVIEW QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+
Types of uterine cancer - Answer-Endometrial cancer - develops in the endometrium
(inner lining of the uterus)
Uterine sarcoma - develops in the myometrium (muscle wall of uterus), very rare
Diagnostic investigations of uterine cancer - Answer-Endometrial biopsy, hysterscopy,
transvaginal ultrasound
Causes / risk factors of uterine cancer - Answer-Obesity, PCOS, women with irregular
menstruation, late menopause (>50 years), breast / ovarian / colon CA, family hx,
women whose mothers took diethyl stibestrol during pregnancy, exposure to radiation,
lynch syndrome (heredity, cororectal cancer), prolonged exposure to estrogen without
progesterone
Clinical manifestations of uterine cancer - Answer-Pelvic / lower back / right iliac / left
iliac pain, dysmenorrhea, recurrent UTI, metrorrhagia, fatigue, malaise, recurrent fungal
infection, dyspareunia, heaviness / fullness / pressure in pelvis, constipation,
incontinence
What's a cystocele? - Answer-The wall between the bladder & the vagina weakness
Treatment of miscarriage - Answer-Evacuation of retained products of conception
What is a subtotal hysterectomy? - Answer-involves removal only of the uterus, and
cervical stump either vagianally adominally, or laparoscopically
What is a total hysterectomy? - Answer-removal of the uterus and the cervix
What is a radical hysterectomy? - Answer-Uterus, cervix & ovaries are removes,
induces surgical menopause
Indications for a hysterectomy - Answer-Uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, advanced
cervical cancer, endometriosis, severe PID (rare), uterine prolapse, hemorrhage in child
birth, family hx of uterine cancer, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, fibroids, leiomyomas,
prophylactic oophorectomy (to prevent ovarian cancer)
,What's a urethrocele? - Answer-A pelvic organ prolapses in which the urethra moves
from its normal position & presses against the front wall of the vagina
What's a rectocele? - Answer-A pelvic organ prolapse in which the supportive wall
between the rectum & vagina weakens
What's a enterocele? - Answer-Occurs when the small intestine descends into the lower
pelvic cavity & pushes at the top part of the vagina
Clinical manifestations of a uterine prolapse - Answer-Pelvic / lower back / right iliac /
left iliac pain, dysmenorrhea, recurrent UTI, metorrhagia, fatigue, malaise, recurrent
fungal infections, dyspareunia, heaviness / fullness / pressure in pelvis, constipation,
incontinence
Causes / risk factors of a uterine prolapse - Answer-Presence of cysts / fibroids,
endometriosis, idiopathic tumors, family hx, multiple vaginal deliveries, vaginal birth to a
large baby
Treatment for first degree uterine prolapse - Answer-Manchester repair
Treatment for second degree uterine prolapse - Answer-Surgical repair
Treatment for third degree uterine prolapse - Answer-Hysterectomy
Clinical manifestations of a vaginal prolapse - Answer-Protruding tissue from vaginal
opening, pain, bulging sensation, feeing of fullness / heaviness, lower back pain, feeling
like something is slipping out of vagina, urinary incontinence, recurrent UTI,
constipation, inability to insert tampon / have sexual intercourse
Treatment of vaginal prolapse - Answer-Vaginal vault suspension surgery - attaching
vagina to ligaments inside pelvis
Sacroplexy - attaching a piece of mesh to vagina & securing the mesh to th tailbone to
give the vagina a lift, done through small incision in the abdomen
Colpoclesis -stitching the vagina shut, cannot have penetrative sex
What are uterine fibroids / myomas / fibromas? - Answer-Firm / compact tumors that are
made of smooth muscle cells & fibrous CT that develop in the uterus, growths are
typically benign
Clinical manifestations of fibroids - Answer-Pain, menorrhagia, asymptomatic, pelvic
pain, frequent urination, lower back pain, palpable mass located near the middle of
pelvis, dyspareunia, anemia (due to heavy / prolonged bleeding)
, Diagnostic investigations of fibroids - Answer-X-ray, transvaginal ultrasound, MRI,
hystersalpingography, hysterscopy + endometrial biopsy, FBC (anemia)
Causes / risk factors of fibroids - Answer-Each tumor develops from a muscle cell in the
uterus which multiples rapidly due to the influence of estrogen, idiopathic, menopause,
obesity, nulliparity
Treatment for fibroids - Answer-Watchful waiting - as most fibroids stop growing or even
shrink as woman approaches menopause
Hysterectomy
Myomectomy - surgical removal of the fibroids (uterus remains intact)
Gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist - lowers estrogen & triggers medical
menopause
Uterine artery embolization - minimally invasive, the arteries supplying the blood to the
fibroids are identifies then embolized
Clinical manifestations of an ectopic pregnancy - Answer-Pregnancy like symptoms,
localized abdominal pain (usually unilateral), amenorrhea, positive pregnancy test,
vaginal bleeding / spotting, shoulder tip pain, abdominal distension, dizziness, fainting,
pyrexia
Causes / risk factors of an ectopic pregnancy - Answer-Idiopathic, previous ectopic
pregnancy, implantation with IUD insitu, previous surgery on uterine tube, pelvic
surgery, exposure to diethylstillbestrol in utero, infection (e.g chlamydia, gonorrhea,
PID), fibroids, assisted reproductive techniques, over 40 years.
Treatment for ectopic pregnancy - Answer-Self-resolve / tubular abortion - embryo is
expelled by the Fallopian tube before rupture occurs, rare
Immunosuppressant (e.g Methotrexate) - stops cellular division
Salpingotomy - open tube & remove pregnancy
Anti-D - If mother is Rh neg
6 P's of compartment syndrome - Answer-Pain, pallor, paralysis, paraesthesia,
pulselessness, Pokilothermia (irregular temperature)
When does bone ossification occur after a fracture? - Answer-3 weeks to 6 months
What is the worst type of fracture? - Answer-Comminuted
