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1. Stages of Learning model: A framework describing the progression of a learner
from unconscious incompetency to unconscious competency.
2. Unconscious incompetency: A stage where a person is unaware of their lack
of skill or knowledge.
3. Conscious incompetency: A stage where a person is aware of their lack of skill
or knowledge.
4. Conscious competency: A stage where a person is aware of their skill or
knowledge and can perform it.
5. Unconscious competency: A stage where a person can perform a skill or
knowledge without conscious thought.
6. Freud's tasks of learning independence and control: Associated with prob-
lematic traits such as excessive dependency.
7. Standards of care: Legally binding guidelines that dictate the minimum accept-
able level of care.
8. Practice guidelines: Recommendations that are not legally binding and can be
more flexible.
9. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): A system of psychotherapy that focuses
on how an individual's thoughts influence their feelings and behaviors.
10. Primary thinking: Recognizes indeterminate, negative, and irrational thinking
as part of human action.
11. Secondary thinking: Recognizes the indeterminate, negative, and irrational
thinking as foremost.
12. Imitative behavior: A therapeutic benefit that allows individuals to experiment
with new behaviors.
13. Psychoanalytic psychotherapy: Not ideal for patients with primarily primitive
defenses.
14. Dynamic supportive therapy: A strategy where the nurse assists the patient
with reality testing, problem-solving, and interpersonal awareness.
15. Therapeutic alliance: The relationship between therapist and patient that is
essential for effective therapy.
16. Cognitive triad: A concept in CBT that includes maladaptive thoughts rooted in
irrational assumptions.
17. Universality: A therapeutic factor where a group member realizes others share
similar feelings of incompetency.
18. Reality testing: A process in dynamic supportive therapy that helps patients
distinguish between their perceptions and reality.
19. Psychic determinism: The concept that every thought and behavior has a
cause.
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, NRNP 6645 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers
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20. Supportive psychodynamic psychotherapy: Focuses on feelings, defenses,
life stresses, and problem-solving.
21. Direct advice: A strategy in imparting information that can elucidate interper-
sonal pathology.
22. Solution focused therapy: A therapy approach that focuses on potential solu-
tions rather than the etiology of the problem.
23. Clinical practice guidelines: Recommendations for the use of psychodynamic
therapy for various psychiatric disorders.
24. Panic-focused psychodynamic psychotherapy: Recommended as an initial
treatment for Panic Disorder.
25. First-line treatment: The preferred initial treatment option for a specific disor-
der.
26. Major Depressive Disorder: A condition for which psychodynamic therapy is
considered a therapeutic treatment option.
27. Directive approach: Learning to be directive to help the patient feel better.
28. Psychotherapeutic process: Letting the psychotherapeutic process unfold
over time.
29. Main goal of psychotherapy: Helping the patient feel better is the main goal of
psychotherapy.
30. Therapeutic toolbox: Building a therapeutic toolbox for a variety of 'fix it' solu-
tions for a variety of problems.
31. Cultural framework in relationships: This is a culturally consistent framework
where the wife is typically the decision maker in the family.
32. Gender inequality awareness: The couple is aware of the gender inequality in
the family and is fine with it.
33. Resilience and posttraumatic growth: There is a curvilinear relationship be-
tween posttraumatic growth and resilience.
34. Moderate resilience: Moderate resilience and emotional intelligence is associ-
ated with the most growth.
35. Mahler's stages of separation-individualization: Borderline pathology is
thought to evolve from problems in Practicing, Consolidation, Differentiation, and
Rapprochement.
36. Neuroscience and human actions: People do things because of what happens
in their brain.
37. Emotional reactions retraining: One can learn to activate their prefrontal
cortex and retrain emotional reactions.
38. Psychodynamic psychotherapy focus: Psychodynamic psychotherapy inter-
ventions focus on the person's emotions and thoughts, deepening understanding of
triggers from the past played out in the present.
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