Maryville NURS660 Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gyeopu
1. How do benzodiazepine help with anxiety?: Benzodiazepine target GABA
neurotransmission via the PAM (positive allosteric modulation
2. Allodynia: Pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain
3. Hyperalgesia: Increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain
4. Nocioceptive pain: Pain that arises from actual or threatened damage to
non-neural tissue and is due to the aciviation of .....
5. Neuropathic pain: Pain created by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory
nervous system
6. Central Sensitization: Increased responsiveness of nocioceptive neurons in the
CNS to their normal or subthreshold afferent input.
7. Nocioceptor: A primary afferent (sensory) neuron that is only activated by a
noxious stimulus
8. Nocioception: The process by which a nocioceptor detects a noxious stimulus
and generates a signal (action potentials) that is propagated towards higher centers
in the nocioceptive pathway
9. Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG): Contains the cell bodies of primary afferent
neurons, proteins, including transmitters, receptors, and structural proteins, are
synthesized here and transported to peripheral and central terminals.
10. Interneurons: Neuron in the dorsal horn that receives input from PANS and/ or
interneurons, and projects up the spinal cord to higher processing centers
11. Spinothalamic tract: tract of neurons that project from the spinal cord to the
thalamus
12. Spinobulbar tracts: Several different tracts of neurons that project from the
spinal cord to brainstem nuclei
13. Somatosensory cortex: Region of the cerebral cortex that receives input
mainly from cutaneous sensory nerves; the cortex is topographically arranged,
with adjacent areas receiving input from adjacent body areas; stimulation of the
somatosensory cortex creates sensations from the body part that projects to it.
14. A-Beta fibers: detect small movements, light touch
15. A-Delta fibers: sense noxious mechanical stimuli and subnoxious thermalstim-
uli
16. C-fibers: bare nerve endings that are only activated by noxious mechanical,
thermal, or chemical stimuli
17. Describe Neuropathic Pain: pain that arises from damage to, or dysfunction of,
any part of the peripheral or central nervous system
18. Describe normal pain: pain caused by activation of nociceptive nerve fibers
19. What is Peripheral Nociceptive Pain due to?: Inflammation or mechanical
damage in tissues
1/8
, Maryville NURS660 Exam 3
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20. What does Peripheral Nociceptive pain respond to: NSAIDS, opioids, proce-
dures
21. Give examples of peripheral nociceptive pain: Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid
arthritis, Cancer pain
22. What is peripheral neuropathic pain due to?: Damage to, or dysfunction of,
peripheral nerves
23. What does peripheral neuropathic pain respond to?: both peripheral and
centrally acting pharmacologic therapies
24. Give examples of peripheral neuropathic pain: Diabetic neuropathic pain,
postherpetic neuralgia,
25. What is central neuropathic pain or central sensitization due to?: central
disturbance in pain processing (diffuse hyperalgesia/ allodynia
26. What does central neuropathic pain or central sensitization respond to?-
: neuroactive compounds that alter levels of neurotransmitters involved in pain
transmission, and responsive to nonpharmacologic therapies such as exercise and
CBT
27. What are examples of central neuropathic pain/ central sensitization?: Fi-
bromyalgia, IBS, TMJD, Tension headache
28. What is the combination of peripheral and central mechanism pain due
to?: involvement of both inflammatory or mechanical damage to the tissues along
with dysfunction in central pain processing
29. How to treat a combination of peripheral and central mechanism-related
pain: need to treat all contributing mechanisms
30. Give examples of combination of peripheral/ central mechanism pain: low
back pain, Rheumatologic diseases that develop into comorbid fibromyalgia
31. List the Benzodiazepine Anxiolytics: Xanax, Valium, Ativan
32. List the labs for Benzodiazepine Anxiolytics: Monitor levels of TCA and Dig
with concurrent use of Benzos--may increase those levels. Long term: check liver
and CBC periodically.
33. Mech of Action of Benzodiazepine Anxiolytics: Binds to benzo receptors on
postsynaptic GABA-A neuron within CNS including limbic system
34. In case of Benzo OD, use what med?: Flumazinil
35. Pregnancy Risk for Benzo's: Contraindicated
36. What is a non-Benzo Anxiolytic?: Buspar
37. On what Neurotransmitters does Buspar work?: 5HT1A and 5HT2 receptors,
does not affect GABA receptors, moderate affinity for D2 receptors. 5HT1A partial
agonist at pre and post synaptic receptors
38. Mechanism of action of Buspar: Enhanced serotonergic activity in projections
to the amygdala, PFC, Striatum, and thalamus
2/8
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gyeopu
1. How do benzodiazepine help with anxiety?: Benzodiazepine target GABA
neurotransmission via the PAM (positive allosteric modulation
2. Allodynia: Pain due to a stimulus that does not normally provoke pain
3. Hyperalgesia: Increased pain from a stimulus that normally provokes pain
4. Nocioceptive pain: Pain that arises from actual or threatened damage to
non-neural tissue and is due to the aciviation of .....
5. Neuropathic pain: Pain created by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory
nervous system
6. Central Sensitization: Increased responsiveness of nocioceptive neurons in the
CNS to their normal or subthreshold afferent input.
7. Nocioceptor: A primary afferent (sensory) neuron that is only activated by a
noxious stimulus
8. Nocioception: The process by which a nocioceptor detects a noxious stimulus
and generates a signal (action potentials) that is propagated towards higher centers
in the nocioceptive pathway
9. Dorsal Root Ganglion (DRG): Contains the cell bodies of primary afferent
neurons, proteins, including transmitters, receptors, and structural proteins, are
synthesized here and transported to peripheral and central terminals.
10. Interneurons: Neuron in the dorsal horn that receives input from PANS and/ or
interneurons, and projects up the spinal cord to higher processing centers
11. Spinothalamic tract: tract of neurons that project from the spinal cord to the
thalamus
12. Spinobulbar tracts: Several different tracts of neurons that project from the
spinal cord to brainstem nuclei
13. Somatosensory cortex: Region of the cerebral cortex that receives input
mainly from cutaneous sensory nerves; the cortex is topographically arranged,
with adjacent areas receiving input from adjacent body areas; stimulation of the
somatosensory cortex creates sensations from the body part that projects to it.
14. A-Beta fibers: detect small movements, light touch
15. A-Delta fibers: sense noxious mechanical stimuli and subnoxious thermalstim-
uli
16. C-fibers: bare nerve endings that are only activated by noxious mechanical,
thermal, or chemical stimuli
17. Describe Neuropathic Pain: pain that arises from damage to, or dysfunction of,
any part of the peripheral or central nervous system
18. Describe normal pain: pain caused by activation of nociceptive nerve fibers
19. What is Peripheral Nociceptive Pain due to?: Inflammation or mechanical
damage in tissues
1/8
, Maryville NURS660 Exam 3
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_gyeopu
20. What does Peripheral Nociceptive pain respond to: NSAIDS, opioids, proce-
dures
21. Give examples of peripheral nociceptive pain: Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid
arthritis, Cancer pain
22. What is peripheral neuropathic pain due to?: Damage to, or dysfunction of,
peripheral nerves
23. What does peripheral neuropathic pain respond to?: both peripheral and
centrally acting pharmacologic therapies
24. Give examples of peripheral neuropathic pain: Diabetic neuropathic pain,
postherpetic neuralgia,
25. What is central neuropathic pain or central sensitization due to?: central
disturbance in pain processing (diffuse hyperalgesia/ allodynia
26. What does central neuropathic pain or central sensitization respond to?-
: neuroactive compounds that alter levels of neurotransmitters involved in pain
transmission, and responsive to nonpharmacologic therapies such as exercise and
CBT
27. What are examples of central neuropathic pain/ central sensitization?: Fi-
bromyalgia, IBS, TMJD, Tension headache
28. What is the combination of peripheral and central mechanism pain due
to?: involvement of both inflammatory or mechanical damage to the tissues along
with dysfunction in central pain processing
29. How to treat a combination of peripheral and central mechanism-related
pain: need to treat all contributing mechanisms
30. Give examples of combination of peripheral/ central mechanism pain: low
back pain, Rheumatologic diseases that develop into comorbid fibromyalgia
31. List the Benzodiazepine Anxiolytics: Xanax, Valium, Ativan
32. List the labs for Benzodiazepine Anxiolytics: Monitor levels of TCA and Dig
with concurrent use of Benzos--may increase those levels. Long term: check liver
and CBC periodically.
33. Mech of Action of Benzodiazepine Anxiolytics: Binds to benzo receptors on
postsynaptic GABA-A neuron within CNS including limbic system
34. In case of Benzo OD, use what med?: Flumazinil
35. Pregnancy Risk for Benzo's: Contraindicated
36. What is a non-Benzo Anxiolytic?: Buspar
37. On what Neurotransmitters does Buspar work?: 5HT1A and 5HT2 receptors,
does not affect GABA receptors, moderate affinity for D2 receptors. 5HT1A partial
agonist at pre and post synaptic receptors
38. Mechanism of action of Buspar: Enhanced serotonergic activity in projections
to the amygdala, PFC, Striatum, and thalamus
2/8
