Important Named Reactions for JEE Main
1. Wurtz Reaction
Reaction of alkyl halides with sodium in dry ether to form alkanes.
2. Fittig Reaction
Similar to Wurtz reaction but uses aryl halides to form biphenyls.
3. Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
Reaction of benzene with alkyl halides in the presence of AlCl3 to form alkylbenzenes.
4. Friedel-Crafts Acylation
Reaction of benzene with acyl halides in the presence of AlCl3 to form ketones.
5. Kolbe?s Reaction
Phenol reacts with CO2 in the presence of NaOH to form salicylic acid.
6. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction
Phenol reacts with chloroform in NaOH to form salicylaldehyde.
7. Cannizzaro Reaction
Self-redox reaction of aldehydes without ?-hydrogen in base to form alcohol and carboxylate salt.
8. Aldol Condensation
Aldehydes or ketones with ?-hydrogen react in base to form ?-hydroxy aldehyde/ketone, followed by
dehydration.
9. Perkin Reaction
Condensation of aromatic aldehydes with acid anhydrides to form ?, ?-unsaturated acids.
10. Haloform Reaction
Methyl ketones react with halogen and base to form a haloform (e.g., CHI3, yellow ppt for iodoform test).
11. Carbylamine Reaction
Primary amines react with chloroform and KOH to form isocyanides (foul-smelling).
12. Sandmeyer Reaction
Conversion of diazonium salts to aryl halides using CuX (X = Cl, Br, CN).
13. Gattermann Reaction
Diazonium salts react with Cu and HCl or Cu and HBr to form aryl chlorides or bromides.
14. Balz-Schiemann Reaction
Diazonium salts react with fluoroboric acid (HBF4) to form fluorobenzene.
1. Wurtz Reaction
Reaction of alkyl halides with sodium in dry ether to form alkanes.
2. Fittig Reaction
Similar to Wurtz reaction but uses aryl halides to form biphenyls.
3. Friedel-Crafts Alkylation
Reaction of benzene with alkyl halides in the presence of AlCl3 to form alkylbenzenes.
4. Friedel-Crafts Acylation
Reaction of benzene with acyl halides in the presence of AlCl3 to form ketones.
5. Kolbe?s Reaction
Phenol reacts with CO2 in the presence of NaOH to form salicylic acid.
6. Reimer-Tiemann Reaction
Phenol reacts with chloroform in NaOH to form salicylaldehyde.
7. Cannizzaro Reaction
Self-redox reaction of aldehydes without ?-hydrogen in base to form alcohol and carboxylate salt.
8. Aldol Condensation
Aldehydes or ketones with ?-hydrogen react in base to form ?-hydroxy aldehyde/ketone, followed by
dehydration.
9. Perkin Reaction
Condensation of aromatic aldehydes with acid anhydrides to form ?, ?-unsaturated acids.
10. Haloform Reaction
Methyl ketones react with halogen and base to form a haloform (e.g., CHI3, yellow ppt for iodoform test).
11. Carbylamine Reaction
Primary amines react with chloroform and KOH to form isocyanides (foul-smelling).
12. Sandmeyer Reaction
Conversion of diazonium salts to aryl halides using CuX (X = Cl, Br, CN).
13. Gattermann Reaction
Diazonium salts react with Cu and HCl or Cu and HBr to form aryl chlorides or bromides.
14. Balz-Schiemann Reaction
Diazonium salts react with fluoroboric acid (HBF4) to form fluorobenzene.
