Jersey College Nutrition EXAM |COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH DETAILED QUESTIONS AND 100% VERIFIED ANSWERS|GET A PASS

cortical bone (compact bone) - CORRECT ANSWERS️️a dense bone tissue that makes up the outer surface of all bones as well as the entirety of most small bones of the body. trabecular bone (spongy bone) - CORRECT ANSWERS️️a porous bone tissue that makes up only 20% of our skeleton and is found within the ends of the long bones, inside the spinal vertebrae, inside the flat bones, and inside the bones of the pelvis. *has a faster turnover rate than cortical bone. Makes it more sensitive to change in hormones and nutritional deficiencies. remodeling - CORRECT ANSWERS️️the two-step process by which bone tissue is recycled; includes the breakdown of existing bone and the formation of new bone. resorption - CORRECT ANSWERS️️the process by which the surface of the bone is broken down by cells called osteoclasts bone modeling - CORRECT ANSWERS️️the process by which the shape of our bones is determined, from the round "pebble" bones that make up our wrists, to the uniquely shaped bones of our face, to the long bones of our arms and legs. bone growth - CORRECT ANSWERS️️the size of bones increases, the first period of rapid bone growth is from birth to age 2, but growth continues in spurts throughout childhood and into adolescence. Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA or DXA) - CORRECT ANSWERS️️the most accurate tool for measuring bone: an important tool in determining a persons risk for osteoporosis. generates a bone density score healthy T-scores (DEXA) - CORRECT ANSWERS️️+1 and -1 means that the individuals bone density are normal. Calcium - CORRECT ANSWERS️️Function: the primary component of bone, acid base balance, transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction. Food sources: milk, yogurt, cheese, sardines, collard greens, spinach. Vitamin D - CORRECT ANSWERS️️Function: regulates blood calcium, bone health, assists in cell differentiation. Food sources: salmon, mackerol, fortified milk, fortified cereals. Vitamin K - CORRECT ANSWERS️️Function: coenzyme in protein production for blood clotting and bone metabolism. Food Sources: kale, spinach, turnip greens, brussel sprouts. Phosphorus - CORRECT ANSWERS️️Function: fluid balance, bone formation, component of ATP Food Sources: milk/cheese/yogurt, soy, milk, and tofu, legumes, nuts, poultry. **dark soda** foods with more bioavalaible calcium - CORRECT ANSWERS️️Sources: KALE*** yogurt, collard greens, cheese ricotta, tofu etc... Thiamin - CORRECT ANSWERS️️function: required as enzymes cofactor for carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism food sources: pork, fortified cereals, enriched rice and pasta, peas, tuna, legumes deficiency: beriberi; fatigue; apathy; decreased memory. Confusion irritability, muscle weakness. Riboflavin - CORRECT ANSWERS️️Function: required as enzymes cofactor for carbs and fat metabolism