Peds Exam 1 NCLEX style questions &
answers, Elaborated and Complete,
Latest Reviewed
.
A chronically ill school-age child is most vulnerable to which stressor?
1. Mutilation anxiety
2. Anticipatory grief
3. Anxiety over school absences
4. Fear of hospital procedures
3. Anxiety over school absences
RATIONALE: The school-age child is becoming industrious and attempts to master school-related activities.
Therefore, school absences are likely to cause extreme anxiety for a school-age child who's chronically ill.
Mutilation anxiety is more common in adolescents. Anticipatory grief is rare in a school-age child. Fear of hospital
procedures is most pronounced in preschool-age children.
.
When developing a care plan for an adolescent, the nurse considers the child's psychosocial needs. During
adolescence, psychosocial development focuses on:
1. becoming industrious.
2. establishing an identity.
3. achieving intimacy.
4. developing initiative.
,2. establishing an identity.
RATIONALE: According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task during adolescence is to establish a personal
identity while overcoming role or identity confusion. The adolescent attempts to establish a group identity by
seeking acceptance and approval from peers, and strives to attain a personal identity by becoming more
independent from his family. Becoming industrious is the developmental task of the school-age child; achieving
intimacy is the task of the young adult; and developing initiative is the task of the preschooler.
.
A nurse notes that an infant develops arm movement before fine-motor finger skills and interprets this as an
example of which pattern of development?
1. Cephalocaudal
2. Proximodistal
3. Differentiation
4. Mass-to-specific
2. Proximodistal
RATIONALE: Proximodistal development progresses from the center of the body to the extremities, such as from
the arm to the fingers. Cephalocaudal development occurs along the body's long axis; for example, the infant
develops control over the head, mouth, and eye movements before the upper body, torso, and legs. Mass-to-
specific development, sometimes called differentiation, occurs as the child masters simple operations before
complex functions and moves from broad, general patterns of behavior to more refined ones.
A teenage mother brings her 1-year-old child to the pediatrician's office for a well-baby checkup. She says that her
infant can't sit alone or roll over. An appropriate response by the nurse would be:
1. "This is very abnormal. Your child must be sick."
2. "Let's see about further developmental testing."
3. "Don't worry, this is normal for her age."
4. "Maybe you just haven't seen her do it."
. "Let's see about further developmental testing."
, RATIONALE: Stating that further developmental testing is necessary is appropriate because at age 12 months a
child should be sitting up and rolling over. Therefore, this child may have developmental problems. Saying the
infant's behavior is abnormal or suggesting that the mother hasn't seen her infant do these milestones isn't
therapeutic and can cut off communication with the mother. Telling the mother that the infant's behavior is
normal misleads the mother with false reassurance.
The mother of an 11-month-old infant reports to the nurse that her infant sleeps much less than other children.
The mother asks the nurse whether her infant is getting sufficient sleep. What should be the nurse's initial
response?
1. Reassure the mother that each infant's sleep needs are individual.
2. Ask the mother for more information about the infant's sleep patterns.
3. Instruct the mother to decrease the infant's daytime sleep to increase his nighttime sleep.
4. Inform the mother that her infant's growth and development are appropriate for his age, so sleep isn't a
concern.
2. Ask the mother for more information about the infant's sleep patterns.
RATIONALE: The nurse needs more information about the infant's sleep patterns to rule out potential problems
before determining whether the infant is getting enough sleep. The nurse shouldn't offer advice or reassurance
without knowing more about the infant's specific sleep habits.
A nurse observes a 2½-year-old child playing with another child of the same age in the playroom on the pediatric
unit. What type of play should the nurse expect the children to engage in?
1. Associative play
2. Parallel play
3. Cooperative play
4. Therapeutic play
2. Parallel play
RATIONALE: Two-year-olds engage in parallel play, in which they play side by side but rarely interact. Associative
play is characteristic of preschoolers, in which they are all engaged in a similar activity but there is little
answers, Elaborated and Complete,
Latest Reviewed
.
A chronically ill school-age child is most vulnerable to which stressor?
1. Mutilation anxiety
2. Anticipatory grief
3. Anxiety over school absences
4. Fear of hospital procedures
3. Anxiety over school absences
RATIONALE: The school-age child is becoming industrious and attempts to master school-related activities.
Therefore, school absences are likely to cause extreme anxiety for a school-age child who's chronically ill.
Mutilation anxiety is more common in adolescents. Anticipatory grief is rare in a school-age child. Fear of hospital
procedures is most pronounced in preschool-age children.
.
When developing a care plan for an adolescent, the nurse considers the child's psychosocial needs. During
adolescence, psychosocial development focuses on:
1. becoming industrious.
2. establishing an identity.
3. achieving intimacy.
4. developing initiative.
,2. establishing an identity.
RATIONALE: According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task during adolescence is to establish a personal
identity while overcoming role or identity confusion. The adolescent attempts to establish a group identity by
seeking acceptance and approval from peers, and strives to attain a personal identity by becoming more
independent from his family. Becoming industrious is the developmental task of the school-age child; achieving
intimacy is the task of the young adult; and developing initiative is the task of the preschooler.
.
A nurse notes that an infant develops arm movement before fine-motor finger skills and interprets this as an
example of which pattern of development?
1. Cephalocaudal
2. Proximodistal
3. Differentiation
4. Mass-to-specific
2. Proximodistal
RATIONALE: Proximodistal development progresses from the center of the body to the extremities, such as from
the arm to the fingers. Cephalocaudal development occurs along the body's long axis; for example, the infant
develops control over the head, mouth, and eye movements before the upper body, torso, and legs. Mass-to-
specific development, sometimes called differentiation, occurs as the child masters simple operations before
complex functions and moves from broad, general patterns of behavior to more refined ones.
A teenage mother brings her 1-year-old child to the pediatrician's office for a well-baby checkup. She says that her
infant can't sit alone or roll over. An appropriate response by the nurse would be:
1. "This is very abnormal. Your child must be sick."
2. "Let's see about further developmental testing."
3. "Don't worry, this is normal for her age."
4. "Maybe you just haven't seen her do it."
. "Let's see about further developmental testing."
, RATIONALE: Stating that further developmental testing is necessary is appropriate because at age 12 months a
child should be sitting up and rolling over. Therefore, this child may have developmental problems. Saying the
infant's behavior is abnormal or suggesting that the mother hasn't seen her infant do these milestones isn't
therapeutic and can cut off communication with the mother. Telling the mother that the infant's behavior is
normal misleads the mother with false reassurance.
The mother of an 11-month-old infant reports to the nurse that her infant sleeps much less than other children.
The mother asks the nurse whether her infant is getting sufficient sleep. What should be the nurse's initial
response?
1. Reassure the mother that each infant's sleep needs are individual.
2. Ask the mother for more information about the infant's sleep patterns.
3. Instruct the mother to decrease the infant's daytime sleep to increase his nighttime sleep.
4. Inform the mother that her infant's growth and development are appropriate for his age, so sleep isn't a
concern.
2. Ask the mother for more information about the infant's sleep patterns.
RATIONALE: The nurse needs more information about the infant's sleep patterns to rule out potential problems
before determining whether the infant is getting enough sleep. The nurse shouldn't offer advice or reassurance
without knowing more about the infant's specific sleep habits.
A nurse observes a 2½-year-old child playing with another child of the same age in the playroom on the pediatric
unit. What type of play should the nurse expect the children to engage in?
1. Associative play
2. Parallel play
3. Cooperative play
4. Therapeutic play
2. Parallel play
RATIONALE: Two-year-olds engage in parallel play, in which they play side by side but rarely interact. Associative
play is characteristic of preschoolers, in which they are all engaged in a similar activity but there is little
