Exam
BSN 225 HESI EXAM 2| 90
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is cholesterol? - ANSWERS--Fat soluble complex alcohol
- Found only in animal tissue
- Cholesterol is not essential (you make it in liver)
Cholesterol and heart disease - ANSWERS--- Cadiovascular disease
- Atherosclerosis - Artery is completely blocked
- Brain attack - Stroke
Risk factors linked to coronary heart disease - ANSWERS--- High blood pressure,
physical inactivity, heredity, gender (men), obesity, elevation is plasma liquids (esp
serum cholesterol), heavy cigarette smoking
How many calories in 1lb of fat? - ANSWERS--3500
Dietary modification can decrease/eliminate 3 risk factors: - ANSWERS--- Serum
cholesterol levels
- Obesity
- Hypertension
HDL vs LDL - ANSWERS--HDL: reduces risk of coronary heart disease, carries
cholesterol to be processed in liver
LDL: increase risk of CHD, deposits cholesterol in arteries
, Dietary requirements for cholesterol - ANSWERS--Less than 300mg per day, no more
than 30% of kcal from fat
Homocysteine - ANSWERS--- High blood levels of this increase risk of heart disease
- Foods high in vit B-6, B-12 and folic acid help
- Coffee decreases homocysteine
- Homocysteine is not just marker but also cause of health problems (makes arteries
more susceptible to damange by increasing stickiness of blood platelets)
Functions of cholesterol - ANSWERS--- Sex hormones
- Bile acids/salts
- Vitamin D
- Part of cell membrane
Vitamin toxicity from Vit A - ANSWERS--- Headaches, hair falls out, bone & joint pain,
skin lesions
- Carotene: skin turns yellow
Fat soluble vitamins - ANSWERS--A, D, E and K (don't lose in cooking oil)
2 forms of vitamin A - ANSWERS--- Active preformed in animal food sources
- Inactive in plants (Carotene converted to vit A in intestinal oil)
Functions of vitamin A - ANSWERS--- Growth
- Too little may affect vision = night blindess/visual purple
- Normal reproduction
- Cells that line nose/mouth
- 1/6 of carotene can be used as vit A, enough stored in liver to last one yea
Vit A deficiency - ANSWERS--- Absorption decreases by disease
- Eye growths: Xerothalmya (drying of eyeball)
- Permanent skin bumps
Sources of vitamin A - ANSWERS--Eggs, liver, butter, milk
- There is no vit A in plants, only beta carotene
Vitamin D - ANSWERS--- From sun
- Steroid converted to hormone, not dietary requirement
- 20 different forms - most useful to us is sunlight
Vit D function - ANSWERS--Calcify bones
Vit D deficiency - ANSWERS--- Caused by diet or long periods out of the sun
- Rekitic rosary: bumps on bones (rickets)
- Bones aren't strong enough to support (mostly in children)
BSN 225 HESI EXAM 2| 90
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
What is cholesterol? - ANSWERS--Fat soluble complex alcohol
- Found only in animal tissue
- Cholesterol is not essential (you make it in liver)
Cholesterol and heart disease - ANSWERS--- Cadiovascular disease
- Atherosclerosis - Artery is completely blocked
- Brain attack - Stroke
Risk factors linked to coronary heart disease - ANSWERS--- High blood pressure,
physical inactivity, heredity, gender (men), obesity, elevation is plasma liquids (esp
serum cholesterol), heavy cigarette smoking
How many calories in 1lb of fat? - ANSWERS--3500
Dietary modification can decrease/eliminate 3 risk factors: - ANSWERS--- Serum
cholesterol levels
- Obesity
- Hypertension
HDL vs LDL - ANSWERS--HDL: reduces risk of coronary heart disease, carries
cholesterol to be processed in liver
LDL: increase risk of CHD, deposits cholesterol in arteries
, Dietary requirements for cholesterol - ANSWERS--Less than 300mg per day, no more
than 30% of kcal from fat
Homocysteine - ANSWERS--- High blood levels of this increase risk of heart disease
- Foods high in vit B-6, B-12 and folic acid help
- Coffee decreases homocysteine
- Homocysteine is not just marker but also cause of health problems (makes arteries
more susceptible to damange by increasing stickiness of blood platelets)
Functions of cholesterol - ANSWERS--- Sex hormones
- Bile acids/salts
- Vitamin D
- Part of cell membrane
Vitamin toxicity from Vit A - ANSWERS--- Headaches, hair falls out, bone & joint pain,
skin lesions
- Carotene: skin turns yellow
Fat soluble vitamins - ANSWERS--A, D, E and K (don't lose in cooking oil)
2 forms of vitamin A - ANSWERS--- Active preformed in animal food sources
- Inactive in plants (Carotene converted to vit A in intestinal oil)
Functions of vitamin A - ANSWERS--- Growth
- Too little may affect vision = night blindess/visual purple
- Normal reproduction
- Cells that line nose/mouth
- 1/6 of carotene can be used as vit A, enough stored in liver to last one yea
Vit A deficiency - ANSWERS--- Absorption decreases by disease
- Eye growths: Xerothalmya (drying of eyeball)
- Permanent skin bumps
Sources of vitamin A - ANSWERS--Eggs, liver, butter, milk
- There is no vit A in plants, only beta carotene
Vitamin D - ANSWERS--- From sun
- Steroid converted to hormone, not dietary requirement
- 20 different forms - most useful to us is sunlight
Vit D function - ANSWERS--Calcify bones
Vit D deficiency - ANSWERS--- Caused by diet or long periods out of the sun
- Rekitic rosary: bumps on bones (rickets)
- Bones aren't strong enough to support (mostly in children)
