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, PEDIATRIC PARAMETERS AND EQUIPMENT
Premie Newborn 6 mo 1 yr 2-3 yr 4-6 yr 7-10 yr 11-15 yr >16 yr
WT (kg) 1-3 2-4 6-8 10 12-16 20-25 25-35 40-50 >50
BAG VALVE Infant Infant Small Small Child Child Child/small Adult Adult
MASK child child adult
NASAL AIRWAY (Fr) 12 12 14-16 14-16 14-18 14-18 16-20 18-22 22-36
ORAL AIRWAY Infant Small Small Small Small Small Med Med Med
50 mm 60 mm 60 mm 60 mm 70 mm 70-80 mm 80-90 mm 90 mm 90 mm
BLADE MIL 0 MIL 0 MIL 1 MIL 1, MIL 1, MIL 2, MIL 2, MIL 2, MIL 2,
MAC 2 MAC 2 MAC 2 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 3
ETT 2.5-3.0 3.0-3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0-4.5 4.5-5.0 5.5-6.0 6.0-6.5 7.0-8.0
LMA 1 1 1.5 2 2 2.5 2.5-3 3 4
GLIDESCOPE 1 1 or 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 or 4 3 or 4
IV CATH (ga) 22-24 22-24 20-24 20-24 18-22 18-22 18-22 18-20 18-20
CVL (Fr) 3 3-4 4 4-5 4-5 5 5 7 7
NGT/OGT (Fr) 5 5-8 8 10 10-12 12-14 12-14 14-18 14-18
CHEST TUBE (Fr) 10-12 10-12 12-18 16-20 16-24 20-28 20-32 28-38 28-42
FOLEY (Fr) 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 12
ESTIMATED BLOOD PRESSURE BY AGE
Measurement 50th % 5th %
Systolic BP 90 + (age 2) 60 (neonate); 70 (1 mo-1 yr)
[Diastolic BP is usually 2/3 systolic BP] 70 + (age 2) (for 2-10 yr)
90 (>10 yr)
MAP 55 + (age 1.5) 40 + (age 1.5)
NORMAL VITAL SIGNS BY AGE
Heart Rate Respiratory Rate
Age (beats/min) Blood Pressure (mmHg) (breaths/min)
Premie 120-170 55-75/35-45 (gestational age 40-70
approximates normal MAP)
0-3 mo 100-150 65-85/45-55 35-55
3-6 mo 90-120 70-90/50-65 30-45
6-12 mo 80-120 80-100/55-65 25-40
1-3 yr 70-110 90-105/55-70 20-30
3-6 yr 65-110 95-110/60-75 20-25
6-12 yr 60-95 100-120/60-75 14-22
>12 yr 55-85 110-135/65-85 12-18
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE FORMULAS
Uncuffed ETT size: age (years)/4 + 4; Cuffed ETT size: age (years)/4 + 3
ETT depth (from lip to mid-trachea): ETT internal diameter (size) 3
GLASGOW COMA SCALE
Activity Score Child/Adult Score Infant
Eye opening 4 Spontaneous 4 Spontaneous
3 To speech 3 To speech/sound
2 To pain 2 To painful stimuli
1 None 1 None
Verbal 5 Oriented 5 Coos/babbles
4 Confused 4 Irritable cry
3 Inappropriate 3 Cries to pain
, RESUSCITATION MEDICATIONS
Adenosine 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO RAPID BOLUS (over 1-2 sec), Flush with 10 mL normal saline
Supraventricular May repeat at 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO, then 0.3 mg/kg IV/IO after 2 min
tachycardia Max first dose 6 mg, max subsequent dose 12 mg
Administer using a 3-way stopcock attached to a 10 mL NS flush
Prolonged asystole may occur following administration
Amiodarone 5 mg/kg IV/IO
Ventricular tachycardia No Pulse: Push Undiluted
Ventricular fibrillation Pulse: Dilute and give over 20-60 minutes
Max first dose 300 mg, max subsequent dose 150 mg
Max total dose 15 mg/kg/24 hours OR 2200 mg/24 hours
Strongly consider pretreating with IV calcium in patients with a pulse to
prevent hypotension. Monitor for hypotension after administration
Atropine 0.02 mg/kg IV/IO/IM, 0.04–0.06 mg/kg ETT
Bradycardia (increased vagal tone) Max single dose 0.5 mg
Primary AV block Repeat once in 5 minutes if needed to max total dose 1 mg. Max total dose
3 mg used in adults.
1 mg/mL concentration recommended for IM or ETT use
Calcium chloride (10% elemental 20 mg/kg IV/IO
calcium) Max dose 1 gram
Hypocalcemia May administer peripherally during an arrest
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Calcium gluconate (10% 60 mg/kg IV/IO
elemental calcium) Max dose 3 grams
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Dextrose Weight-Based Dosing: 0.5–1 gram/kg
Hypoglycemia Volume-Based Dosing (“Rule of 50”):
<5 kg: 10% dextrose 5-10 mL/kg IV/IO
5-44 kg: 25% dextrose 2-4 mL/kg IV/IO
≥45 kg: 50% dextrose 1-2 mL/kg IV/IO
Max single dose 25 grams [ 50 mL
Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO (0.1 mg/mL) every 3–5 min (max single dose 1 mg)
Pulseless arrest 0.1 mg/kg ETT (1 mg/mL) every 3–5 min (max single dose 2.5 mg)
Bradycardia (symptomatic) Anaphylaxis:
Anaphylaxis 0.01 mg/kg IM (1 mg/mL) in thigh every 5-15 min PRN; max single
dose 0.5 mg
Standardized/Autoinjector:
<7.5 kg: no autoinjector, see above
7.5 to <15 kg: 0.1 mg IM
15 to <30 kg: 0.15 mg IM
≥30 kg: 0.3 mg IM
Hydrocortisone 2 mg/kg IV/IM/IO
Adrenal Crisis/Insufficiency Max dose 100 mg
Insulin (Regular or Aspart) 0.1 units/kg IV/IO with 0.5 gram/kg of dextrose
Elsevier eBooks+ gives you the power to browse, search, and
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, PEDIATRIC PARAMETERS AND EQUIPMENT
Premie Newborn 6 mo 1 yr 2-3 yr 4-6 yr 7-10 yr 11-15 yr >16 yr
WT (kg) 1-3 2-4 6-8 10 12-16 20-25 25-35 40-50 >50
BAG VALVE Infant Infant Small Small Child Child Child/small Adult Adult
MASK child child adult
NASAL AIRWAY (Fr) 12 12 14-16 14-16 14-18 14-18 16-20 18-22 22-36
ORAL AIRWAY Infant Small Small Small Small Small Med Med Med
50 mm 60 mm 60 mm 60 mm 70 mm 70-80 mm 80-90 mm 90 mm 90 mm
BLADE MIL 0 MIL 0 MIL 1 MIL 1, MIL 1, MIL 2, MIL 2, MIL 2, MIL 2,
MAC 2 MAC 2 MAC 2 MAC 2 MAC 3 MAC 3
ETT 2.5-3.0 3.0-3.5 3.5 4.0 4.0-4.5 4.5-5.0 5.5-6.0 6.0-6.5 7.0-8.0
LMA 1 1 1.5 2 2 2.5 2.5-3 3 4
GLIDESCOPE 1 1 or 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 or 4 3 or 4
IV CATH (ga) 22-24 22-24 20-24 20-24 18-22 18-22 18-22 18-20 18-20
CVL (Fr) 3 3-4 4 4-5 4-5 5 5 7 7
NGT/OGT (Fr) 5 5-8 8 10 10-12 12-14 12-14 14-18 14-18
CHEST TUBE (Fr) 10-12 10-12 12-18 16-20 16-24 20-28 20-32 28-38 28-42
FOLEY (Fr) 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 10 12
ESTIMATED BLOOD PRESSURE BY AGE
Measurement 50th % 5th %
Systolic BP 90 + (age 2) 60 (neonate); 70 (1 mo-1 yr)
[Diastolic BP is usually 2/3 systolic BP] 70 + (age 2) (for 2-10 yr)
90 (>10 yr)
MAP 55 + (age 1.5) 40 + (age 1.5)
NORMAL VITAL SIGNS BY AGE
Heart Rate Respiratory Rate
Age (beats/min) Blood Pressure (mmHg) (breaths/min)
Premie 120-170 55-75/35-45 (gestational age 40-70
approximates normal MAP)
0-3 mo 100-150 65-85/45-55 35-55
3-6 mo 90-120 70-90/50-65 30-45
6-12 mo 80-120 80-100/55-65 25-40
1-3 yr 70-110 90-105/55-70 20-30
3-6 yr 65-110 95-110/60-75 20-25
6-12 yr 60-95 100-120/60-75 14-22
>12 yr 55-85 110-135/65-85 12-18
ENDOTRACHEAL TUBE FORMULAS
Uncuffed ETT size: age (years)/4 + 4; Cuffed ETT size: age (years)/4 + 3
ETT depth (from lip to mid-trachea): ETT internal diameter (size) 3
GLASGOW COMA SCALE
Activity Score Child/Adult Score Infant
Eye opening 4 Spontaneous 4 Spontaneous
3 To speech 3 To speech/sound
2 To pain 2 To painful stimuli
1 None 1 None
Verbal 5 Oriented 5 Coos/babbles
4 Confused 4 Irritable cry
3 Inappropriate 3 Cries to pain
, RESUSCITATION MEDICATIONS
Adenosine 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO RAPID BOLUS (over 1-2 sec), Flush with 10 mL normal saline
Supraventricular May repeat at 0.2 mg/kg IV/IO, then 0.3 mg/kg IV/IO after 2 min
tachycardia Max first dose 6 mg, max subsequent dose 12 mg
Administer using a 3-way stopcock attached to a 10 mL NS flush
Prolonged asystole may occur following administration
Amiodarone 5 mg/kg IV/IO
Ventricular tachycardia No Pulse: Push Undiluted
Ventricular fibrillation Pulse: Dilute and give over 20-60 minutes
Max first dose 300 mg, max subsequent dose 150 mg
Max total dose 15 mg/kg/24 hours OR 2200 mg/24 hours
Strongly consider pretreating with IV calcium in patients with a pulse to
prevent hypotension. Monitor for hypotension after administration
Atropine 0.02 mg/kg IV/IO/IM, 0.04–0.06 mg/kg ETT
Bradycardia (increased vagal tone) Max single dose 0.5 mg
Primary AV block Repeat once in 5 minutes if needed to max total dose 1 mg. Max total dose
3 mg used in adults.
1 mg/mL concentration recommended for IM or ETT use
Calcium chloride (10% elemental 20 mg/kg IV/IO
calcium) Max dose 1 gram
Hypocalcemia May administer peripherally during an arrest
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Calcium gluconate (10% 60 mg/kg IV/IO
elemental calcium) Max dose 3 grams
Hypocalcemia
Hyperkalemia
Hypermagnesemia
Calcium channel blocker overdose
Dextrose Weight-Based Dosing: 0.5–1 gram/kg
Hypoglycemia Volume-Based Dosing (“Rule of 50”):
<5 kg: 10% dextrose 5-10 mL/kg IV/IO
5-44 kg: 25% dextrose 2-4 mL/kg IV/IO
≥45 kg: 50% dextrose 1-2 mL/kg IV/IO
Max single dose 25 grams [ 50 mL
Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IV/IO (0.1 mg/mL) every 3–5 min (max single dose 1 mg)
Pulseless arrest 0.1 mg/kg ETT (1 mg/mL) every 3–5 min (max single dose 2.5 mg)
Bradycardia (symptomatic) Anaphylaxis:
Anaphylaxis 0.01 mg/kg IM (1 mg/mL) in thigh every 5-15 min PRN; max single
dose 0.5 mg
Standardized/Autoinjector:
<7.5 kg: no autoinjector, see above
7.5 to <15 kg: 0.1 mg IM
15 to <30 kg: 0.15 mg IM
≥30 kg: 0.3 mg IM
Hydrocortisone 2 mg/kg IV/IM/IO
Adrenal Crisis/Insufficiency Max dose 100 mg
Insulin (Regular or Aspart) 0.1 units/kg IV/IO with 0.5 gram/kg of dextrose
