Test Bank For Current Medical Diagnosis And Treatment
63rd Edition
By Maxine Papadakis, Stephen McpheeComplete
Chapters 1 - 42
, 1. In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.
1) While interviewing a client with a productive cough
2) While helping a client to perform his own hygiene care
3) While aiding a client to ambulate after surgery
4) While inserting a peripheral intravenous catheter
2. Which of the following protect(s) the body against infection? Select all that apply.
1) Eating a healthy well-balanced diet
2) Being an older adult or an infant
3) Leisure activities three times a week
4) Exercising for 30 minutes 5 days a week
3. The nurse is teaching a group of newly hired nursing assistive personnel (NAP)
about proper hand washing. The nurse will know that the teaching was effective if the
NAP
demonstrate what? Select all that apply. The NAP:
1) uses a paper towel to turn off the faucet.
2) holds fingertips above the wrists while rinsing off the soap.
3) removes all rings and watch before washing hands.
4) cleans underneath each fingernail.
4. Alcohol-based solutions for hand hygiene can be used to combat which types of
organisms? Select all that apply.
1) Virus
2) Bacterial spores
3) Yeast
4) Mold
5. A patient with tuberculosis is scheduled for computed tomography (CT). How should the
nurse proceed? Select all that apply.
1) Question the order because the patient must remain in isolation.
2) Place an N-95 respirator mask on the patient and transport him to the test.
3) Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport him to CT lab.
4) Notify the computed tomography department about precautions prior to transport.
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
, 1. Bacteria are necessary for human health and well-being.
Chapter 1. Disease prevention Answer
Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANSWER: 3
Patients acquire infection by contact with other patients, family members, and healthcare
equipment. But most infection among patients is spread through the hands of healthcare
workers. Hand washing interrupts the transmission and should be done before and after all
contact with patients, regardless of the diagnosis. When the hands are soiled, healthcare
staff should use antibacterial soap with warm water to remove dirt and debris from the skin
surface. When no visible dirt is present, an alcohol-based rub should be applied and allowed
to dry for 10 to 15 seconds.
2. ANSWER: 3
Patients are exposed to microbes by contact (direct contact, airborne, or otherwise) with
other patients, family members, and contaminated healthcare equipment. Some of these are
pathogenic (cause illness) and some are nonpathogenic (do not cause illness). But most
microbes causing infection among patients are spread by direct contact on the hands of
healthcare workers.
3. ANSWER: 1
Scrupulous hand washing is the most important part of medical asepsis. Donning
gloves, applying sterile drapes before procedures, and wearing a protective gown may
be needed to ensure asepsis, but they are not the mostimportant aspect because
microbes causing most healthcare-related infections are transmitted by lack of or
ineffective hand washing.
4. ANSWER: 4
Some people might harbor a pathogenic organism, such as the human immunodeficiency
virus within their body, and yet do not acquire the disease/infection. These individuals,
called carriers, have no outward sign of active disease, yet they can pass the infection to
others. A pathogen is an organism capable of causing disease. A fomite is a contaminated
object that transfers a pathogen, such as pens, stethoscopes, and contaminated needles. A
vector is an organism that carries a pathogen to a susceptible host through a portal for entry
into the body. An example of a vector is a mosquito or tick that bites or stings.
5. ANSWER: 2
The organisms responsible for measles and tuberculosis, as well as many fungal infections, are
spread through airborne transmission. Neisseria meningitidis, the organism that causes
meningitis, is spread through droplet transmission. Pathogens that cause diarrhea, such
as Clostridium difficile, are spread by direct contact. The common cold can be spread by
indirect contact or droplet transmission.
6. ANSWER: 1
Thrush in this patient is an example of an endogenous, nosocomial infection. This type of
infection arises from suppression of the patients normal flora as a result of some form of
treatment, such as antibiotics. Normal flora usually keep yeast from growing in the mouth.
In exogenous nosocomial infection, the pathogen arises from the healthcare environment. A
, latent infection causes no symptoms for long periods. An example of a latent infection is
human immunodeficiency virus infection. A primary infection is the first infection that
occurs in a patient.
7. ANSWER: 3
The stage of decline occurs when the patients immune defenses, along with any medical
therapies (in this case antibiotics), are successfully reducing the number of pathogenic
microbes. As a result, the signs and symptoms of infection begin to fade. Incubation is the
stage between the invasion by the organism and the onset of symptoms. During the
incubation stage, the patient does not know he is infected and is capable of infecting others.
63rd Edition
By Maxine Papadakis, Stephen McpheeComplete
Chapters 1 - 42
, 1. In which situation would using standard precautions be adequate? Select all that apply.
1) While interviewing a client with a productive cough
2) While helping a client to perform his own hygiene care
3) While aiding a client to ambulate after surgery
4) While inserting a peripheral intravenous catheter
2. Which of the following protect(s) the body against infection? Select all that apply.
1) Eating a healthy well-balanced diet
2) Being an older adult or an infant
3) Leisure activities three times a week
4) Exercising for 30 minutes 5 days a week
3. The nurse is teaching a group of newly hired nursing assistive personnel (NAP)
about proper hand washing. The nurse will know that the teaching was effective if the
NAP
demonstrate what? Select all that apply. The NAP:
1) uses a paper towel to turn off the faucet.
2) holds fingertips above the wrists while rinsing off the soap.
3) removes all rings and watch before washing hands.
4) cleans underneath each fingernail.
4. Alcohol-based solutions for hand hygiene can be used to combat which types of
organisms? Select all that apply.
1) Virus
2) Bacterial spores
3) Yeast
4) Mold
5. A patient with tuberculosis is scheduled for computed tomography (CT). How should the
nurse proceed? Select all that apply.
1) Question the order because the patient must remain in isolation.
2) Place an N-95 respirator mask on the patient and transport him to the test.
3) Place a surgical mask on the patient and transport him to CT lab.
4) Notify the computed tomography department about precautions prior to transport.
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
, 1. Bacteria are necessary for human health and well-being.
Chapter 1. Disease prevention Answer
Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. ANSWER: 3
Patients acquire infection by contact with other patients, family members, and healthcare
equipment. But most infection among patients is spread through the hands of healthcare
workers. Hand washing interrupts the transmission and should be done before and after all
contact with patients, regardless of the diagnosis. When the hands are soiled, healthcare
staff should use antibacterial soap with warm water to remove dirt and debris from the skin
surface. When no visible dirt is present, an alcohol-based rub should be applied and allowed
to dry for 10 to 15 seconds.
2. ANSWER: 3
Patients are exposed to microbes by contact (direct contact, airborne, or otherwise) with
other patients, family members, and contaminated healthcare equipment. Some of these are
pathogenic (cause illness) and some are nonpathogenic (do not cause illness). But most
microbes causing infection among patients are spread by direct contact on the hands of
healthcare workers.
3. ANSWER: 1
Scrupulous hand washing is the most important part of medical asepsis. Donning
gloves, applying sterile drapes before procedures, and wearing a protective gown may
be needed to ensure asepsis, but they are not the mostimportant aspect because
microbes causing most healthcare-related infections are transmitted by lack of or
ineffective hand washing.
4. ANSWER: 4
Some people might harbor a pathogenic organism, such as the human immunodeficiency
virus within their body, and yet do not acquire the disease/infection. These individuals,
called carriers, have no outward sign of active disease, yet they can pass the infection to
others. A pathogen is an organism capable of causing disease. A fomite is a contaminated
object that transfers a pathogen, such as pens, stethoscopes, and contaminated needles. A
vector is an organism that carries a pathogen to a susceptible host through a portal for entry
into the body. An example of a vector is a mosquito or tick that bites or stings.
5. ANSWER: 2
The organisms responsible for measles and tuberculosis, as well as many fungal infections, are
spread through airborne transmission. Neisseria meningitidis, the organism that causes
meningitis, is spread through droplet transmission. Pathogens that cause diarrhea, such
as Clostridium difficile, are spread by direct contact. The common cold can be spread by
indirect contact or droplet transmission.
6. ANSWER: 1
Thrush in this patient is an example of an endogenous, nosocomial infection. This type of
infection arises from suppression of the patients normal flora as a result of some form of
treatment, such as antibiotics. Normal flora usually keep yeast from growing in the mouth.
In exogenous nosocomial infection, the pathogen arises from the healthcare environment. A
, latent infection causes no symptoms for long periods. An example of a latent infection is
human immunodeficiency virus infection. A primary infection is the first infection that
occurs in a patient.
7. ANSWER: 3
The stage of decline occurs when the patients immune defenses, along with any medical
therapies (in this case antibiotics), are successfully reducing the number of pathogenic
microbes. As a result, the signs and symptoms of infection begin to fade. Incubation is the
stage between the invasion by the organism and the onset of symptoms. During the
incubation stage, the patient does not know he is infected and is capable of infecting others.
