NUR 434 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) symptoms Correct Answers
Syncope
Acute onset of severe abdominal pain
Hypotension
Absolute fluid volume loss Correct Answers Fluid is gone
Burns, dieresis, hemorrhage, vomiting/diarrhea
Accumulation of lactate Correct Answers Causes a right shift
(acidosis)
Acute blood loss anemia causes Correct Answers Trauma
Surgery
GI bleeding
Intraabdominal bleeding
Acute coronary syndrome Correct Answers Characterize by an
imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand
Unstable angina
MI
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms Correct Answers
Chest pain ting > 20 min but < 12 hours (crushing, gripping,
smothering)
Feelings of impending doom
Acute kidney injury (AKI) Correct Answers Clinical syndrome
characterized by a sudden or rapid deterioration in kidney
function
,Acute kidney injury (AKI) effects Correct Answers Increased
metabolic wastes
Fluid volume excess
Decreased urine output (UOP)
Acute kidney injury (AKI) onset Correct Answers Rapid
Acute kidney injury (AKI) prognosis Correct Answers
Reversible with early identification and treatment
Acute kidney injury (AKI) symptoms Correct Answers
Azotemia
Imbalances in fluids and electrolytes
Acid-base disorders
Decreased urine output
Acute kidney injury (AKI) untreated Correct Answers
Progresses to chronic renal failure (CRF)
Aerobic metabolism Correct Answers Chemical process in
which oxygen is used to make energy
Converts food into energy in form of ATP (36 ATP)
Requires oxygen
Afterload Correct Answers Amount of pressure that the heart
needs to exert to eject the blood during ventricular contraction
AKI catabolic processes monitor and intervene for Correct
Answers Weight gain
GI dysfunction
,Neurological changes
Decrease serum protein levels
AKI excess fluid volume monitoring Correct Answers Edema
HTN
Weight gain
Imbalanced Is and Os
Pulmonary crackles
AKI infection monitoring Correct Answers Increased WBC
count
Fever
Positive blood cultures
AKI management of catabolic processes Correct Answers
Protein, sodium, potassium, and fluid restricted diet
High carb, fat, and amino acid diet
Dialysis to decrease BUN and creatinine levels
AKI management of electrolyte imbalance Correct Answers
Elevated serum potassium
Hyperkalemia
Serum sodium
AKI management of excess fluid volume Correct Answers
Diuretic therapy
Dialysis
Fluid restrictions
AKI management of infection Correct Answers Strict medical
asepsis with all invasive lines
, Antibiotics as ordered
AKI metabolic acidosis treatment Correct Answers Sodium
bicarbonate in severe cases
Alpha receptor location Correct Answers Vessels (intestines,
kidneys, muscles, skin)
Alpha receptor when stimulated Correct Answers
Vasoconstriction of arterioles
Anaerobic metabolism Correct Answers Chemical process in
absence of oxygen to make energy from glucose
Back-up energy sources
Produces lactate as a byproduct
Anemia Correct Answers Reduction of or dysfunction in
erythrocytes
Indication of underlying pathological problem
Anemia clinical manifestations Correct Answers Decreased
oxygen affinity
Tissue hypoxia
Selective increase in tissue perfusion
Increased cardiac output
Increased pulmonary function
Increased RBC function
Anemia of critical illness multifactorial causes Correct Answers
Underlying disease process
Elevated hepcidin levels (inflammatory process)
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) symptoms Correct Answers
Syncope
Acute onset of severe abdominal pain
Hypotension
Absolute fluid volume loss Correct Answers Fluid is gone
Burns, dieresis, hemorrhage, vomiting/diarrhea
Accumulation of lactate Correct Answers Causes a right shift
(acidosis)
Acute blood loss anemia causes Correct Answers Trauma
Surgery
GI bleeding
Intraabdominal bleeding
Acute coronary syndrome Correct Answers Characterize by an
imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand
Unstable angina
MI
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) symptoms Correct Answers
Chest pain ting > 20 min but < 12 hours (crushing, gripping,
smothering)
Feelings of impending doom
Acute kidney injury (AKI) Correct Answers Clinical syndrome
characterized by a sudden or rapid deterioration in kidney
function
,Acute kidney injury (AKI) effects Correct Answers Increased
metabolic wastes
Fluid volume excess
Decreased urine output (UOP)
Acute kidney injury (AKI) onset Correct Answers Rapid
Acute kidney injury (AKI) prognosis Correct Answers
Reversible with early identification and treatment
Acute kidney injury (AKI) symptoms Correct Answers
Azotemia
Imbalances in fluids and electrolytes
Acid-base disorders
Decreased urine output
Acute kidney injury (AKI) untreated Correct Answers
Progresses to chronic renal failure (CRF)
Aerobic metabolism Correct Answers Chemical process in
which oxygen is used to make energy
Converts food into energy in form of ATP (36 ATP)
Requires oxygen
Afterload Correct Answers Amount of pressure that the heart
needs to exert to eject the blood during ventricular contraction
AKI catabolic processes monitor and intervene for Correct
Answers Weight gain
GI dysfunction
,Neurological changes
Decrease serum protein levels
AKI excess fluid volume monitoring Correct Answers Edema
HTN
Weight gain
Imbalanced Is and Os
Pulmonary crackles
AKI infection monitoring Correct Answers Increased WBC
count
Fever
Positive blood cultures
AKI management of catabolic processes Correct Answers
Protein, sodium, potassium, and fluid restricted diet
High carb, fat, and amino acid diet
Dialysis to decrease BUN and creatinine levels
AKI management of electrolyte imbalance Correct Answers
Elevated serum potassium
Hyperkalemia
Serum sodium
AKI management of excess fluid volume Correct Answers
Diuretic therapy
Dialysis
Fluid restrictions
AKI management of infection Correct Answers Strict medical
asepsis with all invasive lines
, Antibiotics as ordered
AKI metabolic acidosis treatment Correct Answers Sodium
bicarbonate in severe cases
Alpha receptor location Correct Answers Vessels (intestines,
kidneys, muscles, skin)
Alpha receptor when stimulated Correct Answers
Vasoconstriction of arterioles
Anaerobic metabolism Correct Answers Chemical process in
absence of oxygen to make energy from glucose
Back-up energy sources
Produces lactate as a byproduct
Anemia Correct Answers Reduction of or dysfunction in
erythrocytes
Indication of underlying pathological problem
Anemia clinical manifestations Correct Answers Decreased
oxygen affinity
Tissue hypoxia
Selective increase in tissue perfusion
Increased cardiac output
Increased pulmonary function
Increased RBC function
Anemia of critical illness multifactorial causes Correct Answers
Underlying disease process
Elevated hepcidin levels (inflammatory process)
