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1. growth spurt a period during which growth advances at a dramatically rapid rate
compared
with other periods
2. gross motor skills physical abilities involving large body movements, such as walking a
jumping
3. fine motor skills physical abilities involving small body movements, especially of the
hands and
fingers, such as drawing and picking up a coin
4. Reaction Time the amount of time taken to respond to a specific stimulus
5. ADHD (Atten- a psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one
tion-Deficit Hy- or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and
peractivity impulsivity
Disor- der)
6. hyperactivity a condition characterized by excessive restlessness and movement
7. Stimulants(Rita Drugs that increase the activity of nervous system.
l- in)
8. dyslexia impairment of the ability to read, word reversal, mirror reading.
9. learning when a child with normal intelligence has diflculty mastering at least
disabili- ty one acad- emic subject, language and speech
10. Mainstreaming placing disabled children in classrooms with nondisabled children
11. concrete in Piaget's theory, the stage of cognitive development during which
opera- tional children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically
stage about concrete events
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12. Decentration simultaneous focusing on more than one aspect or dimension of a proble
or
situation
13. Transitivity the principle that if A>B and B>C, then A>C
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14. Seriation placing objects in an order or series according to a property or trait
15. preconvention according to Kohlberg, a period during which moral judgments are
al level based largely on expectations of rewards or punishments
16. conventional according to Kohlberg, a period during which moral judgments
lev- el largely reflect social rules and conventions
17. post according to Kohlberg, a period during which moral judgments are
convention- al derived from moral principles, and people look to themselves to set
level moral standards
18. intelligence Mental capacity; ability to learn, reason, or comprehend and interpret
informa-
tion, facts, relationships, and meanings; the capacity to solve problems,
whether through the application of previously acquired knowledge or
through insight.
19. achievement something done successfully; something gained by working or trying har
20. intelligence defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age
quo- tient (IQ) (ca) multiplied by 100 [thus, IQ = (ma/ca) x 100]. On contemporary
intelligence tests, the average performance for a given age is
assigned a score of 100.
21. mental age a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the
chronological
age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance
22. chronologic Age as measured in years from date of birth
al age
23. cultural bias a factor hypothesized to be present in intelligence tests that provides an
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