BSNC 2000 MIDTERM PREP 2025 UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED

BSNC 2000 MIDTERM PREP 2025
UPDATED QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
microorganisms that initiate infection - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>protozoa,
fungi, bacteria, virus, parasites

BACTERIA - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>reproduce independently
need host for replication
synthesize DNA and RNA
EG: CDI, staphyloccus, e-coli
TREATED W/antibiotics

VIRAL - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>immediate / dormant
invades host for replication (blocks genetic protein synthesis)
interferes w normal cell function of host, how it develops
EG: HIV, HEP (A, B, C, E), ebola, SARS

FUNGAL - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Yeasts, molds, mushrooms
can lead to death in immune comp ppl
can develop when body treated w antibiotics
EG: tinea pedis, candidiasis, lobomycosis

PROTOZOA / PARASITIC - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>gen. infect immune
comp. ppl
spread by ingesting fecal oral route
EG: giardiasis, malaria, pediculosis, trichnosis

Bacteremia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>lab confirmed presense of bacteria in
blood

Fungemia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>blood stream infection by fungal organism

most common HAI - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>UTI

Infectious disease - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>DIRECT effect of pathogen
cellular (bacteria, parasite, fungi)
OR
acellular (virus, viroid, prion)
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,can be communicable / contagious

A virus is an example of a _______ organism - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>acellular

a bacteria is an example of a _______ organism - CORRECT
ANSWER>>>>cellular

Iatrogenic disease - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>contracted from med
PROCEDURE
-eg wound care, catheter, surgery

Nosocomial disease - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>HAI
can be drug resistant from originating in hospital

Periods of disease - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Incubation
prodromal
period of illness
period of decline
convalescence

Incubation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>acute, after initial injury of pathogen into
host
begins multiplying

Prodromal - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>host experiencing GENERAL S&S
pathogen continues to multiply
EG: fever, soreness, swelling, pain

period of illness - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>S&S of disease are severe

period of decline - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>number of pathogens decrease
S&S decline
can be susceptible to 2ndary disease

Convalescence - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>returning to normal fucntion
EXCEPT if there are permanent damages

PaO2 - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>O2 molecules dissolved in plasma


2

, SaO2 - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Hemoglobin % that is saturated w O2
-requires PaO2 to be >80 mmHg

Determinants of gas exchange - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>alveolar-cap diffusion
ventilation
pulmonary perfusion

alveolar capillary diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>SA, diffusion distance,
pressure gradient

ventilation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>airway resistance
lung + chest compliance
neuromuscular function

pulmonary perfusion - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>blood vessel patency
central perfusion

Wheezing auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>high pitched music sounds
-like whale or flute

fine crackles auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>brief, high pitched
-bubbling / popping sound
-eg wood burning

Coarse crackles - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>Brief, LOW pitched
-popping /bubbling sound
-like pulling apart velcro

Rhonchi - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>low pitched rattling / rumbling sound
-eg like snoring

Pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>inflammation adn water in lung tissue
colonizes bronchioles / alveoli
-can be CAI, HAI, ventilation, or aspiration
-typical or atypical

Typical pneumonia - CORRECT ANSWER>>>>BACTERIAL (cell wall)
exudate of fluid into air filled spaces of alveoli (in bronch and alveoli)
-multiplies extracellularly in the alveoli


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