Anatomy and Physiology 1 - Bio 165 Practice Exam Questions With Actual Correct Answers.

what is an enzyme - correct answer enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reaction in the cells. what is it called when an enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of an amino acid, carried out in a specific sequence - correct answer biochemical pathway what is organization - correct answer organization is trillions of cells that are organized into compartments. these compartments keep body cells separated from environmental threats and keep cells moist and nourished. what is metabolism - correct answer metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions in the body what is responsiveness - correct answer responsiveness is the ability of an organism to adjust to change in its environment (internal, and external) what is movement - correct answer the actions at joints, plus the motion of individual organs and individual cells. what is development - correct answer development is all the changes a body goes through in life what is growth - correct answer growth is an increase in body size due to increase in the number of cells, increase in the size of cells (which is limited), and in the material around the cell what is reproduction - correct answer reproduction is the formation of a new organism from parent organisms anatomy - correct answer the scientific study of the body's structures gross anatomy - correct answer the study of larger structures of the body (visible without the aid of magnification) microscopic anatomy - correct answer the study of structures that can be observed only with the use of a microscope or other magnification devices regional anatomy - correct answer the study of the interrelationships of all of the structures in a specific body region systemic anatomy - correct answer the study of the structures that make up a discrete body system physiology - correct answer the scientific study of the chemistry and physics of the structures of the body and the ways in which they work together to support the functions of life homeostasis - correct answer the state of steady internal conditions maintained by living things cell - correct answer the smallest independently functioning unit of a living organism organelles - correct answer flexible membranes that enclose the cytoplasm, a water-based cellular fluid together with a variety of tiny functioning units any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell. tissue - correct answer a group of many similar cells organ - correct answer anatomically distinct structure of the body composed of two or more tissue types organ system - correct answer a group of organs that work together to perform major functions or meet physiological needs of the body integumentary system - correct answer a) encloses internal body structures b) site of many sensory receptors skeletal system - correct answer a) supports the body b) enables movement (with muscular system) muscular system - correct answer a) enables movement (with skeletal system) b) helps maintain body temperature nervous system - correct answer a) detects and processes sensory information b) activates bodily responses endocrine system - correct answer a) secretes hormones b) regulates bodily processes cardiovascular system - correct answer a) delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues b) equalizes temperature in the body lymphatic system - correct answer a) returns fluid to blood b) defends against pathogens respiratory system - correct answer a) removes carbon dioxide from the body b) delivers oxygen to blood digestive system - correct answer a) processes food for use by the body b) removes wastes from undigested food urinary system - correct answer a) controls water balance in the body b) removes wastes from blood and excretes them male reproductive system - correct answer a) produces sex hormones and gametes (sperm) b) delivers gametes to female female reproductive system - correct answer a) produces sex hormones and gametes (eggs) b) supports embryo/fetus until birth c) produces milk for infant organism - correct answer a living being that has a cellular structure and that can independently perform all physiological functions necessary for life what is the largest organ system in your body? - correct answer integumentary system anabolism - correct answer the process whereby smaller, simple molecules are combined into larger, more complex substances catabolism - correct answer the process by which larger more complex substances are broken down into smaller simpler molecules- it releases energy metabolism - correct answer the sum of all anabolic and catabolic reactions that take place in the body