Test Bank For Neonatal and Pediatric Respiratory Care, 6th - 2023 All Chapters - 9780323793094.pdf

TESTBANK p




NEONATAL & PEDIATRIC RESPIR
p p p




ATORY CARE p




5th Edition, Walsh
p
p




TESTBANK p

,NeonatalpandpPediatricpRespiratorypCare,p5thpEdition,pBrianpK.pWalshpTestpBank

TablepofpContents
Chapterp1.pFetalpLungpDevelopment
Chapterp2.pFetalpGaspExchangepandpCirculation
Chapterp3.pAntenatalpAssessmentpandpHigh-RiskpDelivery
Chapterp4.pExaminationpandpAssessmentpofpthepNeonatalpandpPediatricpPatient
Chapterp5.pPulmonarypFunctionpTestingpandpBedsidepPulmonarypMechanics
Chapterp6.pRadiographicpAssessment
Chapterp7.pPediatricpFlexiblepBronchoscopy
Chapterp8.pInvasivepBloodpGaspAnalysispandpCardiovascularpMonitoring
Chapterp9.pNoninvasivepMonitoringpinpNeonatalpandpPediatricpCare
Chapterp10.pOxygenpAdministration
Chapterp11.pAerosolspandpAdministrationpofpInhaledpMedications
Chapterp12.pAirwaypClearancepTechniquespandpHyperinflationpTherapy
Chapterp13.pAirwaypManagement
Chapterp14.pSurfactantpReplacementpTherapy
Chapterp15.pNoninvasivepMechanicalpVentilationpandpContinuouspPositivepPressurepofpthepNeonate
Chapterp16.pNoninvasivepMechanicalpVentilationpofpthepInfantpandpChild
Chapterp17.pInvasivepMechanicalpVentilationpofpthepNeonatepandpPediatricpPatient
Chapterp18.pAdministrationpofpGaspMixtures
Chapterp19.pExtracorporealpMembranepOxygenation
Chapterp20.pPharmacology
Chapterp21.pThoracicpOrganpTransplantation
Chapterp22.pNeonatalpPulmonarypDisorders
Chapterp23.pSurgicalpDisorderspinpChildhoodpthatpAffectpRespiratorypCare
Chapterp24.pCongenitalpCardiacpDefects
Chapterp25.pPediatricpSleep-DisorderedpBreathing
Chapterp26.pPediatricpAirwaypDisorderspandpParenchymalpLungpDiseases
Chapterp27.pAsthma
Chapterp28.pCysticpFibrosis
Chapterp29.pAcutepRespiratorypDistresspSyndrome
Chapterp30.pShock
Chapterp31.pPediatricpTrauma
Chapterp32.pDisorderspofpthepPleura
Chapterp33.pNeurologicalpandpNeuromuscularpDisorders
Chapterp34.pPediatricpEmergencies
Chapterp35.pHomepCarepofpthepPostpartumpFamily
Chapterp36.pQualitypandpSafety

,Chapterp1:pFetalpLungpDevelopment
Walsh:pNeonatalp&pPediatricpRespiratorypCarep5thpEditionpTestpBankp(2020)

MULTIPLEpCHOICE

1. Whichpofpthepfollowingpphasespofphumanplungpdevelopmentpispcharacterizedpbypthepformationpo
fpapcapillarypnetworkparoundpairwayppassages?
a. Pseudoglandular
b. Saccular
c. Alveolar
d. Canalicular

ANS:p D
Thepcanalicularpphasepfollowsptheppseudoglandularpphase,plastingpfrompapproximatelyp17pweek
sptop26pweekspofpgestation.pThispphasepispsopnamedpbecausepofpthepappearancepofpvascularpchann
els,porpcapillaries,pwhichpbeginptopgrowpbypformingpapcapillarypnetworkparoundpthepairppassages
.pDuringptheppseudoglandularpstage,pwhichpbeginspatpdayp52pandpextendsptopweekp16pofpgestatio
n,pthepairwaypsystempsubdividespextensivelypandpthepconductingpairwaypsystempdevelops,pendi
ngpwithpthepterminalpbronchioles.pThepsaccularpstagepofpdevelopment,pwhichptakespplacepfromp
weeksp29ptop36pofpgestation,pispcharacterizedpbypthepdevelopmentpofpsacspthatplaterpbecomepalve
oli.pDuringpthepsaccularpphase,paptremendouspincreasepinptheppotentialpgas-
pexchangingpsurfacepareapoccurs.pThepdistinctionpbetweenpthepsaccularpstagepandpthepalveolarpst


agepisparbitrary.pThepalveolarpstagepstretchespfromp39pweekspofpgestationptopterm.pThispstagepispr
epresentedpbypthepestablishmentpofpalveoli.

REF:ppp.p 3-5

2. Regardingppostnatalplungpgrowth,pbypapproximatelypwhatpagepdopmostpofpthepalveolipthatpwillpb
eppresentpinptheplungspforplifepdevelop?
a. 6pmonths
b. 1pyear
c. 1.5pyears
d. 2pyears

ANS:p C
Mostpofptheppostnatalpformationpofpalveolipinpthepinfantpoccurspoverpthepfirstp1.5pyearspofplife.pAt
p2pyearspofpage,pthepnumberpofpalveolipvariespsubstantiallypamongpindividuals.pAfterp2p yearspofpag


e,pmalesphavepmorepalveolipthanpdopfemales.pAfterpalveolarpmultiplicationpends,pthepalveolipcont
inueptopincreasepinpsizepuntilpthoracicpgrowthpispcompleted.

REF:p p.p6

3. Theprespiratoryptherapistpispevaluatingpapnewbornpwithpmildprespiratorypdistresspdueptoptrachealps
tenosis.pDuringpwhichpperiodpofplungpdevelopmentpdidpthispproblempdevelop?

, a. Embryonal
b. Saccular
c. Canalicular
d. Alveolar
ANS:p A
Thepinitialpstructurespofptheppulmonaryptreepdeveloppduringpthepembryonalpstage.pErrorspinpdeve
lopmentpduringpthisptimepmaypresultpinplaryngeal,ptracheal,porpesophagealpatresiaporpstenosis.pPu
lmonaryphypoplasia,panpincompletepdevelopmentpofptheplungspcharacterizedpbypanpabnormallypl
owpnumberpand/orpsizepofpbronchopulmonarypsegmentspand/orpalveoli,pcanpdeveloppduringpthep
pseudoglandularpphase.pIfpthepfetuspispbornpduringpthepcanalicularpphasep(i.e.,pprematurely),psev
ereprespiratorypdistresspcanpbepexpectedpbecausepthepinadequatelypdevelopedpairways,palongpwit
hpinsufficientpandpimmaturepsurfactantpproductionpbypalveolarptypepIIpcells,pgivespriseptopthepco
nstellationpofpproblemspknownpaspinfantprespiratorypdistresspsyndrome.

REF:p p p.p6

4. Whichpofpthepfollowingpmechanismspisp(are)presponsiblepforptheppossiblepassociationpbetweenp
oligohydramniospandplungphypoplasia?

I. Abnormalpcarbohydratepmetabolism
II. Mechanicalprestrictionpofpthepchestpwall
III. Interferencepwithpfetalpbreathing
IV. Failureptopproducepfetalplungpliquid
a. Ipandp IIIponly
b. IIpandp IIIponly
c. I,pII,pandp IVponly
d. II,pIII,pandpIVponly

ANS:p D
Oligohydramnios,papreducedpquantitypofpamnioticpfluidppresentpforpanpextendedpperiodpofptime,p
withporpwithoutprenalpanomalies,pispassociatedpwithplungphypoplasia.pThepmechanismspbypwhichp
amnioticpfluidpvolumepinfluencesplungpgrowthpremainpunclear.pPossiblepexplanationspforpreduce
dpquantitypofpamnioticpfluidpincludepmechanicalprestrictionpofpthepchestpwall,pinterferencepwithpf
etalpbreathing,porpfailureptopproducepfetalplungpliquid.pThesepclinicalpandpexperimentalpobservati
onsppossiblyppointptopapcommonpdenominator,plungpstretch,paspbeingpapmajorpgrowthpstimulant.

REF:ppp.p6-7

5. Whatpisptheppurposepofpthepsubstancepsecretedpbyptheptypep IIppneumocyte?
a. Topincreasepthepgaspexchangepsurfaceparea
b. Topreducepsurfaceptension
c. Topmaintainplungpelasticity
d. Toppreservepthepvolumepofpthepamnioticpfluid