Reviewed 100% Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!
4.1. In Wikipedia, look up "Kelvin" and answer this question: The Kelvin scale is a
temperature scale like the Celsius temperature scale (1 deg C = 1 deg K), but they
are shifted from each other. Kelvin is the predominantly used for scientific
purposes. What is the lowest theoretical temperature that can exist in the
universe on the Kelvin scale? - ANSWER b. 0 K
4.2. In Wikipedia, look up "Earth's internal heat budget", scroll down to
"Primordial heat", and answer this question: What is primordial heat? - ANSWER
a. Heat from the original formation of planet.
4.3. In Wikipedia, look up "Earth's internal heat budget", scroll down to
"Radiogenic heat", and answer this question: What percent of the Earth's internal
heat originates from radioactive decay? - ANSWER c. 50%
4.4. In Wikipedia, look up "Tidal heating" and answer this question: Tidal heating
occurs when gravitational forces cause a body like a moon to deform, which
creates heat. This happens whenever something is deformed due to internal
friction. However, for heat to be sustained, the moon must continually deform,
like an accordion being played. What kind of orbit is required in order to induce
sustained tidal heating? - ANSWER b. An elliptical orbit
, 4.5. In Wikipedia, look up "Earth's internal heat budget", scroll down to "Heat
flow and tectonic plates", and answer this question: What is the primary means
with which bodies with high internal heat, such as Io, get rid of their internal
heat? - ANSWER c. Volcanism
4.6. In Wikipedia, look up "Thermal conduction" and answer this question: How is
heat transferred though conduction? - ANSWER c. By microscopic collisions of
particles within the body.
4.7. In Wikipedia, look up "Convection (heat transfer)" and answer this question:
How is heat transferred through convection? - ANSWER b. By movement of
fluids
4.8. In Wikipedia, look up "Mantle (geology)" and answer this question: What is a
mantle? - ANSWER a. A layer inside a planetary body bounded below by a
core and above by a crust.
4.9. In Wikipedia, look up "Lithosphere" and answer this question: What is
lithosphere? - ANSWER b. The rigid, outermost shell of a terrestrial-type
planet or natural satellite
4.10. In Wikipedia, look up "Asthenosphere" and answer this question: What is
asthenosphere? - ANSWER c. The viscous, mechanically weak, and ductile
region of the upper mantle.
4.11. In Wikipedia, look up "Mantle convection" and answer this question: What
is a mantle convection? - ANSWER b. The very slow creeping motion of
, mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior to the
planet's surface.
4.12. In Wikipedia, look up "Earth's internal heat budget", scroll down to "Heat
flow and tectonic plates", and answer this question: What is the primary means
with which bodies with intermediate internal heat, such as the Earth, get rid of
their internal heat (don't concern yourself with a very young Earth)? - ANSWER
a. Plate tectonics
4.13. In Wikipedia, look up "Mid-ocean ridge" and answer this question: What is a
mid-ocean ridge? - ANSWER a. It is where seafloor spreading takes place
along a divergent plate boundary.
4.14. In Wikipedia, look up "Subduction" and answer this question: What is a
subduction? - ANSWER c. It is where oceanic lithosphere is recycled into the
Earth's mantle at convergent boundaries.
4.15. In Wikipedia, look up "Earth's internal heat budget", scroll down to "Heat
flow and tectonic plates", and answer this question: What is the primary means
with which bodies with lower internal heat, such as the Moon and Mars, get rid of
their internal heat? - ANSWER b. Conduction through a single lithospheric
plate
4.16. In Wikipedia, look up "Dynamo theory" and answer this question: What is a
dynamo? - ANSWER d. The process through which a rotating, convecting, and
electrically conducting fluid can maintain a magnetic field over astronomical time
scales.