Newton's Laws of Motion - Formula Sheet
Basic Laws
1. Newton's First Law (Inertia): An object remains at rest or uniform motion unless acted on by a net force.
2. Newton's Second Law: F = ma
3. Newton's Third Law: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Force & Friction
4. Weight: W = mg
5. Normal Force:
- Horizontal: N = mg
- Incline (theta): N = mg cos(theta)
6. Friction:
- Static: fs <= mu_s N
- Kinetic: fk = mu_k N
Tension & Pulley
7. Two masses on pulley (m1 < m2):
- a = (m2 - m1)g / (m1 + m2)
- T = 2m1m2g / (m1 + m2)
8. One hanging mass (m) and one on table (M):
- a = mg / (m + M)
- T = Mm g / (m + M)
Inclined Plane
9. Acceleration (frictionless): a = g sin(theta)
10. With friction: a = g(sin(theta) - mu cos(theta))
Basic Laws
1. Newton's First Law (Inertia): An object remains at rest or uniform motion unless acted on by a net force.
2. Newton's Second Law: F = ma
3. Newton's Third Law: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction.
Force & Friction
4. Weight: W = mg
5. Normal Force:
- Horizontal: N = mg
- Incline (theta): N = mg cos(theta)
6. Friction:
- Static: fs <= mu_s N
- Kinetic: fk = mu_k N
Tension & Pulley
7. Two masses on pulley (m1 < m2):
- a = (m2 - m1)g / (m1 + m2)
- T = 2m1m2g / (m1 + m2)
8. One hanging mass (m) and one on table (M):
- a = mg / (m + M)
- T = Mm g / (m + M)
Inclined Plane
9. Acceleration (frictionless): a = g sin(theta)
10. With friction: a = g(sin(theta) - mu cos(theta))
