Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
Test Bank
ESSENTIALS OF
Nursing Research
APPRAISING EVIDENCE FOR
NURSING PRACTICE
10th Edition
Denise F. Polit, Cheryl Tatano Beck
, Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
Table of Contents
Part 1 Overview of Nursing Research and Its Role in Evidence-Based Practice
1 Introducing Nursing Research for Evidence-Based Practice
2 Understanding Key Concepts and Steps in Quantitative and Qualitative Research
3 Reading and Critically Appraising Research Articles
4 Attending to Ethics in Research
Part 2 Preliminary Steps in Quantitative and Qualitative Research
5 Identifying Research Problems, Research Questions, and Hypotheses
6 Finding and Reviewing Research Evidence in the Literature
7 Understanding Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks
Part 3 Designs and Methods for Quantitative and Qualitative Nursing Research
8 Appraising Quantitative Research Design
9 Appraising Sampling and Data Collection in Quantitative Studies
10 Appraising Qualitative Designs and Approaches
11 Appraising Sampling and Data Collection in Qualitative Studies
12 Understanding Mixed Methods Research, Quality Improvement, and Other Special Types of
Research
Part 4 Analysis, Interpretation, and Application of Nursing Research
13 Understanding Statistical Analysis of Quantitative Data
14 Interpreting Quantitative Findings and Evaluating Clinical Significance
15 Understanding the Analysis of Qualitative Data
16 Appraising Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research
17 Learning From Systematic Reviews
18 Putting Research Evidence Into Practice: Evidence-Based Practice and Practice-Based Evidence
,Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 1- Introducing Nursing Research for Evidence-Based Practice
1. Which of the following groups would bebest served by the development of a scientific
base for nursing practice?
A) Nursing administrators
B) Practicing nurses
C) Nurses' clients
D) Health care policymakers
Ans: C
Feedback:
Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence about
issues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognizethe need to base
specific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are clinically
appropriate, cost-effective, and result in positive client outcomes. Although all of the
people listed would benefit from the development of a scientific base for nursing
practice, ultimately it is the clients themselves who would most benefit, as they would
then receive the most appropriate and most effective care.
2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?
A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice
B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research
C) Document the role nursing serves in society
D) Establish research priorities
Ans: B
Feedback:
Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and undertake research and to base their
practice on evidence from research. Evidence-based practice is the use of the best
evidence in making patient care decisions and typically comes from research conducted
by nurses and other health-care professionals. All of the other answers are possible goals
for the nursing profession, but none is as important as establishing evidenec for practice.
3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist
paradigm?
A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand
B) The nature of reality has changed over time
C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans
D) Reality cannot be studied empirically
Ans: C
Feedback:
In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is rather
a construction of human minds—and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple
constructions of reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied
empirically. Belief in a fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand
would be an example of a positivist belief, not a constructivist one. The constructivist
belief does not hold so much that the natureof reality has changed over time as that it
Page 1
, Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
has always been constructed by human minds.
4. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the positivist
paradigm?
A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied
B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied
C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing
information
D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is minimized to
enhance the interactive process
Ans: A
Feedback:
In the positivist paradigm, it is assumed that there is an objective reality and that natural
phenomena are regular and orderly. In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that
reality is not a fixed entity but is rather a construction of human minds—and thus
“truth” is a composite of multiple constructions of reality.
5. Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional scientific
method?
A) Control over external factors
B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research
D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context
Ans: D
Feedback:
Quantitative research (associated with positivism) involves the collection and analysis
of numeric information. Quantitative research is typically conducted within the
traditional scientific method, which is systematic and controlled. Quantitative
researchers base their findings on empirical evidence (evidence collected by way of the
human senses) and strive for generalizability beyond a single setting or situation.
Constructivist researchers emphasize understanding human experience as it is lived
through the collection and analysis of subjective, narrative materials using flexible
procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative research.
6. Empiricism refers to which of the following?
A) Making generalizations from specific observations
B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system
C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based
Ans: C
Feedback:
Empiricism is gathering and analyzing evidence through their senses. Quantitative
research involves the collection and analysis of numeric information. Quantitative
Page 2
Test Bank
ESSENTIALS OF
Nursing Research
APPRAISING EVIDENCE FOR
NURSING PRACTICE
10th Edition
Denise F. Polit, Cheryl Tatano Beck
, Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
Table of Contents
Part 1 Overview of Nursing Research and Its Role in Evidence-Based Practice
1 Introducing Nursing Research for Evidence-Based Practice
2 Understanding Key Concepts and Steps in Quantitative and Qualitative Research
3 Reading and Critically Appraising Research Articles
4 Attending to Ethics in Research
Part 2 Preliminary Steps in Quantitative and Qualitative Research
5 Identifying Research Problems, Research Questions, and Hypotheses
6 Finding and Reviewing Research Evidence in the Literature
7 Understanding Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks
Part 3 Designs and Methods for Quantitative and Qualitative Nursing Research
8 Appraising Quantitative Research Design
9 Appraising Sampling and Data Collection in Quantitative Studies
10 Appraising Qualitative Designs and Approaches
11 Appraising Sampling and Data Collection in Qualitative Studies
12 Understanding Mixed Methods Research, Quality Improvement, and Other Special Types of
Research
Part 4 Analysis, Interpretation, and Application of Nursing Research
13 Understanding Statistical Analysis of Quantitative Data
14 Interpreting Quantitative Findings and Evaluating Clinical Significance
15 Understanding the Analysis of Qualitative Data
16 Appraising Trustworthiness and Integrity in Qualitative Research
17 Learning From Systematic Reviews
18 Putting Research Evidence Into Practice: Evidence-Based Practice and Practice-Based Evidence
,Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
Chapter 1- Introducing Nursing Research for Evidence-Based Practice
1. Which of the following groups would bebest served by the development of a scientific
base for nursing practice?
A) Nursing administrators
B) Practicing nurses
C) Nurses' clients
D) Health care policymakers
Ans: C
Feedback:
Nursing research is systematic inquiry designed to develop trustworthy evidence about
issues of importance to nurses and their clients. Nurse leaders recognizethe need to base
specific nursing decisions on evidence indicating that the decisions are clinically
appropriate, cost-effective, and result in positive client outcomes. Although all of the
people listed would benefit from the development of a scientific base for nursing
practice, ultimately it is the clients themselves who would most benefit, as they would
then receive the most appropriate and most effective care.
2. An especially important goal for the nursing profession is to do which of the following?
A) Conduct research to better understand the context of nursing practice
B) Establish a solid base of evidence for practice through disciplined research
C) Document the role nursing serves in society
D) Establish research priorities
Ans: B
Feedback:
Nurses are increasingly expected to understand and undertake research and to base their
practice on evidence from research. Evidence-based practice is the use of the best
evidence in making patient care decisions and typically comes from research conducted
by nurses and other health-care professionals. All of the other answers are possible goals
for the nursing profession, but none is as important as establishing evidenec for practice.
3. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the constructivist
paradigm?
A) A fixed reality exists in nature for humans to understand
B) The nature of reality has changed over time
C) Reality is multiply constructed and multiply interpreted by humans
D) Reality cannot be studied empirically
Ans: C
Feedback:
In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that reality is not a fixed entity but is rather
a construction of human minds—and thus “truth” is a composite of multiple
constructions of reality. However, constructivists do believe that reality can be studied
empirically. Belief in a fixed reality that exists in nature for humans to understand
would be an example of a positivist belief, not a constructivist one. The constructivist
belief does not hold so much that the natureof reality has changed over time as that it
Page 1
, Essentials of Nursing Research: Appraising Evidence for Nursing Practice 10th Edition Test Bank
has always been constructed by human minds.
4. Which of the following is a fundamental belief of those who hold to the positivist
paradigm?
A) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied
B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied
C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing
information
D) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is minimized to
enhance the interactive process
Ans: A
Feedback:
In the positivist paradigm, it is assumed that there is an objective reality and that natural
phenomena are regular and orderly. In the constructivist paradigm, it is assumed that
reality is not a fixed entity but is rather a construction of human minds—and thus
“truth” is a composite of multiple constructions of reality.
5. Which of the following attributes is least characteristic of the traditional scientific
method?
A) Control over external factors
B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
C) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research
D) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon, studied in a rich context
Ans: D
Feedback:
Quantitative research (associated with positivism) involves the collection and analysis
of numeric information. Quantitative research is typically conducted within the
traditional scientific method, which is systematic and controlled. Quantitative
researchers base their findings on empirical evidence (evidence collected by way of the
human senses) and strive for generalizability beyond a single setting or situation.
Constructivist researchers emphasize understanding human experience as it is lived
through the collection and analysis of subjective, narrative materials using flexible
procedures; this paradigm is associated with qualitative research.
6. Empiricism refers to which of the following?
A) Making generalizations from specific observations
B) Articulating a study purpose in terms of an appropriate classification system
C) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based
Ans: C
Feedback:
Empiricism is gathering and analyzing evidence through their senses. Quantitative
research involves the collection and analysis of numeric information. Quantitative
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