Pcol 2 Final Extra content Questions With
Complete Solutions
describe early intensive therapy for cancer Tx
Correct Answers eartly Tx started as soon as
diagnosis is done --> want to do more frequent
therapy --> overall downward trend
describe late infrequent therapy for cancer Tx
Correct Answers cancer cells were at a very high
stage --> the cells go back up to what we started
with because they waited too long before the
second round = USELESS therapy
started at the Sx stage rather than diagnostic
stage --> easily leads to death (10^12)
describe surgery with intense therapy for cancer Tx
Correct Answers if surgery can be done as soon as
we diagnose --> after surgery we then start
intensive chemo
BEST OPTION if available
describe the log cell kill model Correct Answers
chemo kills cancer cells in a log manner --> cancer
cells killed in a consistent proportion, but not
consistent number
, Ex: a cancer has 10,000 actively growing cells -->
leaves 100 cells after 1 Tx (remove 2 0s at the end
to get remaining number) --> killed 9,900 cells
describe the mitotoxicity hypothesis Correct
Answers actively growing cancer cells are more
susceptible to chemo compared to dormant cells
that are not dividing
generally, how does mitosis occur Correct Answers
the centromeres on each pole give rise to
microtubules that reach out to grab 1/2 of each
chromosome --> then shrink back to the
centromere pole
need to have the microtubules be able to grow BUT
also be able to shrink back
how does DNA methylation affect cancer? Correct
Answers when an oncogene is methylated, it's
silenced which is good --> if hypomethylated it'll
cause tumor growth
we want TSGs to be hypomethylated to be active --
> when methylated it will become inactive and it
allows tumor growth
EITHER occurring leads to cancer
how does leucovorin affect
5-fluorouracil/capecitabine? Correct Answers
Complete Solutions
describe early intensive therapy for cancer Tx
Correct Answers eartly Tx started as soon as
diagnosis is done --> want to do more frequent
therapy --> overall downward trend
describe late infrequent therapy for cancer Tx
Correct Answers cancer cells were at a very high
stage --> the cells go back up to what we started
with because they waited too long before the
second round = USELESS therapy
started at the Sx stage rather than diagnostic
stage --> easily leads to death (10^12)
describe surgery with intense therapy for cancer Tx
Correct Answers if surgery can be done as soon as
we diagnose --> after surgery we then start
intensive chemo
BEST OPTION if available
describe the log cell kill model Correct Answers
chemo kills cancer cells in a log manner --> cancer
cells killed in a consistent proportion, but not
consistent number
, Ex: a cancer has 10,000 actively growing cells -->
leaves 100 cells after 1 Tx (remove 2 0s at the end
to get remaining number) --> killed 9,900 cells
describe the mitotoxicity hypothesis Correct
Answers actively growing cancer cells are more
susceptible to chemo compared to dormant cells
that are not dividing
generally, how does mitosis occur Correct Answers
the centromeres on each pole give rise to
microtubules that reach out to grab 1/2 of each
chromosome --> then shrink back to the
centromere pole
need to have the microtubules be able to grow BUT
also be able to shrink back
how does DNA methylation affect cancer? Correct
Answers when an oncogene is methylated, it's
silenced which is good --> if hypomethylated it'll
cause tumor growth
we want TSGs to be hypomethylated to be active --
> when methylated it will become inactive and it
allows tumor growth
EITHER occurring leads to cancer
how does leucovorin affect
5-fluorouracil/capecitabine? Correct Answers
