BIO 290 LECTURE EXAM 2: ABDOMEN,
PELVIS, & PERINEUM CORRECT 100%
What is the unilateral action of the external and internal oblique muscles? - ANSWER
Laterally flexes trunk; rotates trunk
What is the bilateral action of the external and internal oblique muscles? - ANSWER
Flexes trunk & compress abdomen
What innervates the external oblique muscle? - ANSWER Inferior thoracic ventral rami
What innervates the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles? - ANSWER
Inferior thoracic and L1 ventral rami
What is the unilateral action of the transversus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Rotate
trunk to same side
What is the bilateral action of the transversus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Compress
abdomen & support viscera
What is the action of the rectus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Flex trunk & compress
abdomen
What innervates the rectus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Inferior thoracic ventral rami
What does the cardiac sphincter do? - ANSWER It regulates the passage of food into
the stomach
What does the pylorus do? - ANSWER It regulates contents from the stomach to the
duodenum (small intestine)
What is the longest region of the small intestine? - ANSWER Ileum
What part of the small intestine has the most absorption? - ANSWER Jejunum
What is another name for the abdominal coelom? - ANSWER Peritoneal cavity
What part of the peritoneum lines the inner surface of the body wall? - ANSWER
Parietal peritoneum
What part of the peritoneum covers the surface of abdominal viscera? - ANSWER
Visceral peritoneum
, Mesenteries are simply a _______________________________________. - ANSWER
Double layer of peritoneum
What ligament runs from the ventral body wall to the ventral surface of the liver? -
ANSWER Falciform ligament
What structure runs from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach? - ANSWER
Lesser omentum
What structure runs from the posterior body wall to the jejunum and ileum of the small
intestine? - ANSWER Mesentery proper
Which mesocolon suspends the transverse colon? - ANSWER Transverse mesocolon
Which mesocolon suspends the sigmoid colon from the posterior body wall? - ANSWER
Sigmoid mesocolon
What structure hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach over the anterior
surface of the intestines, and then superior to the transverse colon where it runs to the
posterior body wall and is continuous with the parietal peritoneum? - ANSWER Greater
omentum
When organs with mesenteries remain suspended and mobile within the peritoneal
cavity, what are they called? - ANSWER Intraperitoneal
What are organs called when they are not suspended and mobile within the peritoneal
cavity? - ANSWER Retroperitoneal
What gut tube structures are retroperitoneal? - ANSWER Ascending and descending
colon, duodenum, & pancreas
Which organ provides most of the enzymes that digest foodstuffs in the small intestine?
- ANSWER Pancreas
The pancreas secretes enzymes into the duodenum via what duct? - ANSWER
Pancreatic duct
Functionally, what body system is the spleen a part of? - ANSWER Immune system
What are the two basic functions of the kidneys? - ANSWER 1. Cleanse the blood by
disposing of toxins, excessive concentrations of ions, and metabolic wastes (excretion)
2. Adjust the blood by regulating the balance between water and salts and between
acids and bases (fluid and electrolyte balance)
Where does urine drain into from the kidneys? - ANSWER Ureters
PELVIS, & PERINEUM CORRECT 100%
What is the unilateral action of the external and internal oblique muscles? - ANSWER
Laterally flexes trunk; rotates trunk
What is the bilateral action of the external and internal oblique muscles? - ANSWER
Flexes trunk & compress abdomen
What innervates the external oblique muscle? - ANSWER Inferior thoracic ventral rami
What innervates the internal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles? - ANSWER
Inferior thoracic and L1 ventral rami
What is the unilateral action of the transversus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Rotate
trunk to same side
What is the bilateral action of the transversus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Compress
abdomen & support viscera
What is the action of the rectus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Flex trunk & compress
abdomen
What innervates the rectus abdominis muscle? - ANSWER Inferior thoracic ventral rami
What does the cardiac sphincter do? - ANSWER It regulates the passage of food into
the stomach
What does the pylorus do? - ANSWER It regulates contents from the stomach to the
duodenum (small intestine)
What is the longest region of the small intestine? - ANSWER Ileum
What part of the small intestine has the most absorption? - ANSWER Jejunum
What is another name for the abdominal coelom? - ANSWER Peritoneal cavity
What part of the peritoneum lines the inner surface of the body wall? - ANSWER
Parietal peritoneum
What part of the peritoneum covers the surface of abdominal viscera? - ANSWER
Visceral peritoneum
, Mesenteries are simply a _______________________________________. - ANSWER
Double layer of peritoneum
What ligament runs from the ventral body wall to the ventral surface of the liver? -
ANSWER Falciform ligament
What structure runs from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach? - ANSWER
Lesser omentum
What structure runs from the posterior body wall to the jejunum and ileum of the small
intestine? - ANSWER Mesentery proper
Which mesocolon suspends the transverse colon? - ANSWER Transverse mesocolon
Which mesocolon suspends the sigmoid colon from the posterior body wall? - ANSWER
Sigmoid mesocolon
What structure hangs from the greater curvature of the stomach over the anterior
surface of the intestines, and then superior to the transverse colon where it runs to the
posterior body wall and is continuous with the parietal peritoneum? - ANSWER Greater
omentum
When organs with mesenteries remain suspended and mobile within the peritoneal
cavity, what are they called? - ANSWER Intraperitoneal
What are organs called when they are not suspended and mobile within the peritoneal
cavity? - ANSWER Retroperitoneal
What gut tube structures are retroperitoneal? - ANSWER Ascending and descending
colon, duodenum, & pancreas
Which organ provides most of the enzymes that digest foodstuffs in the small intestine?
- ANSWER Pancreas
The pancreas secretes enzymes into the duodenum via what duct? - ANSWER
Pancreatic duct
Functionally, what body system is the spleen a part of? - ANSWER Immune system
What are the two basic functions of the kidneys? - ANSWER 1. Cleanse the blood by
disposing of toxins, excessive concentrations of ions, and metabolic wastes (excretion)
2. Adjust the blood by regulating the balance between water and salts and between
acids and bases (fluid and electrolyte balance)
Where does urine drain into from the kidneys? - ANSWER Ureters
