Glowacki & Sommers (RCIS) Actual
Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!
1. What is cardiac tamponade? - ANSWER compression of the heart by an
accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac
2. What can cause cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER pericardial effusion or chest trauma
3. What is happening in cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER A decrease in arterial blood pressure (hypotension) with reflex
tachycardia
- As the compression makes it harder for the ventricles to contract, SV goes down.
To keep up cardiac output the heart beats faster. This increases how much blood
gets into the pericardial space.
4. What are the first signs of cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER O2 sats drop. PH of blood in the pericardial sack is acidic and
irritates the nerves causing chest pain. Patient may become slightly unresponsive
because profusion pressure is being lost to the brain.
,5. What is the fix for cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER Pericardial tap/Pericardiocentesis
6. What is the process for doing a pericardiocentesis?
- ANSWER Put the needle sub xyphoid area, elevate the patient to 30 degrees,
no more than 45 (use a wedge) which puts the heart in a specific position. If
patient is on coumadin, must use ultrasound to guide the needle to ensure that
you do not puncture the heart.
Usually use an echo to guide.
7. What is pulsus paradoxus? - ANSWER decrease in >10mmHG in systole
during inspiration
8. What is the difference in pressure between pulsus paradoxus and tamponade?
- ANSWER PP is about 10mmHg and Tamponade has much higher pressures.
Up to 20-30mmHg
9. Name 3 reasons why someone would need a pacemaker?
- ANSWER Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
AV conduction issue
Needed surgery
10. True or false: The LV has more muscle fibers than the RV
,- ANSWER False. Same number of fibers, but left sided fibers are bigger in
diameter.
11. The same amount of electricity is needed to cause the RV and LV to contract. T
or F
- ANSWER True
12. What is electricity of the heart measured in?
- ANSWER milli volts or milliamps
13. How is the amount of time measured when speaking of electricity in the
heart? - ANSWER milliseconds
14. What is a synchronous pacemaker?
- ANSWER Demand pacemaker that gives a stimulus only when needed.
15. What is a asynchronous pacemaker?
- ANSWER Fixed pacemaker that gives a stimulus regardless of the heart
activity
16. Where can a heart be paced?
- ANSWER atrium, ventricle, dual
17. What is capture?
, - ANSWER The amount of energy needed to cause contraction.
18. What is threshold?
- ANSWER After capture the signal is moved down to the point that the signal
is lost, that is threshold.
19. When doing a pacemaker how long should you wait between
Capture/Threshold before doing another Capture/threshold?
- ANSWER 5-10 minutes. The second capture is usually lower as the heart
adapts to the lead.
20. Which capture do you record and keep?
- ANSWER The second capture.
What is the order of electrical conduction of the heart?
- ANSWER SA node through the internodal pathway to the AV node, Bundle of
His, L/R bundle branches to the purkinje fibers
What part of the pacemaker triggers the beat?
- ANSWER The generator triggers the beat.
What is the first letter in a pacemaker type?
- ANSWER Paced:
V - Ventricle
Exam Questions With Reviewed 100%
Correct Detailed Answers
Guaranteed Pass!!
1. What is cardiac tamponade? - ANSWER compression of the heart by an
accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac
2. What can cause cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER pericardial effusion or chest trauma
3. What is happening in cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER A decrease in arterial blood pressure (hypotension) with reflex
tachycardia
- As the compression makes it harder for the ventricles to contract, SV goes down.
To keep up cardiac output the heart beats faster. This increases how much blood
gets into the pericardial space.
4. What are the first signs of cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER O2 sats drop. PH of blood in the pericardial sack is acidic and
irritates the nerves causing chest pain. Patient may become slightly unresponsive
because profusion pressure is being lost to the brain.
,5. What is the fix for cardiac tamponade?
- ANSWER Pericardial tap/Pericardiocentesis
6. What is the process for doing a pericardiocentesis?
- ANSWER Put the needle sub xyphoid area, elevate the patient to 30 degrees,
no more than 45 (use a wedge) which puts the heart in a specific position. If
patient is on coumadin, must use ultrasound to guide the needle to ensure that
you do not puncture the heart.
Usually use an echo to guide.
7. What is pulsus paradoxus? - ANSWER decrease in >10mmHG in systole
during inspiration
8. What is the difference in pressure between pulsus paradoxus and tamponade?
- ANSWER PP is about 10mmHg and Tamponade has much higher pressures.
Up to 20-30mmHg
9. Name 3 reasons why someone would need a pacemaker?
- ANSWER Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
AV conduction issue
Needed surgery
10. True or false: The LV has more muscle fibers than the RV
,- ANSWER False. Same number of fibers, but left sided fibers are bigger in
diameter.
11. The same amount of electricity is needed to cause the RV and LV to contract. T
or F
- ANSWER True
12. What is electricity of the heart measured in?
- ANSWER milli volts or milliamps
13. How is the amount of time measured when speaking of electricity in the
heart? - ANSWER milliseconds
14. What is a synchronous pacemaker?
- ANSWER Demand pacemaker that gives a stimulus only when needed.
15. What is a asynchronous pacemaker?
- ANSWER Fixed pacemaker that gives a stimulus regardless of the heart
activity
16. Where can a heart be paced?
- ANSWER atrium, ventricle, dual
17. What is capture?
, - ANSWER The amount of energy needed to cause contraction.
18. What is threshold?
- ANSWER After capture the signal is moved down to the point that the signal
is lost, that is threshold.
19. When doing a pacemaker how long should you wait between
Capture/Threshold before doing another Capture/threshold?
- ANSWER 5-10 minutes. The second capture is usually lower as the heart
adapts to the lead.
20. Which capture do you record and keep?
- ANSWER The second capture.
What is the order of electrical conduction of the heart?
- ANSWER SA node through the internodal pathway to the AV node, Bundle of
His, L/R bundle branches to the purkinje fibers
What part of the pacemaker triggers the beat?
- ANSWER The generator triggers the beat.
What is the first letter in a pacemaker type?
- ANSWER Paced:
V - Ventricle
