Praxis 5004 (History) Kathleen Jasper
Notes
Key motive for Spanish - answer Gold, Northwest Passage
Key Motive for French - answer Spread Christianity, Northwest passage
Key Motive for England - answer Colonize, northwest passage
Christopher Columbus - answer made one of the most famous voyages of exploration in
1492 when he sailed from Palos, Spain in search of a route to Asia and the Indies.
Instead, he found the New World- the Americas
Hernan Cortes - answerIn 1519, he landed in Mexico with 600 men and fewer than 200
horses. Upon discovering the vast Aztec wealth, his motivations quickly changed from
colonization and Christianity to acquiring gold. He began the first phase of the Spanish
colonization of the Americas and conquered the Aztec empire
1000 - answerLeif Erikson discovers Vinland (New England)
1492 - answerChristopher Columbus discovers the New World
1497 - answerJohn Cabot discovers continental North America
1507 - answerNew World named after Amerigo Vespucci
1513 - answerVasco Nunez de Balboa discovers the Pacific Ocean
1519 - answerHernan Cortes conquered Mexico by defeating the Aztecs and their
leader Montezuma. The victory gave Spain a stronghold over Central American land
and gold for years to come
1521 - answerFerdinand Magellan sails around the world
What were are the 2 first colonies? - answerJamestown and Plymouth
St. Augustine - answerThe oldest city in the US, founded in 1565 by the Spanish.
Jamestown - answerFirst permanent English colony in the Americas and was formed in
1607
,Plymouth Colony - answerFirst permanent Puritan settlement, established by English
Separitist Puritans in December 1620. Pilgrims left England to seek religious freedom
Rhode Island Colony - answerFounded in 1636 by Roger Williams
The Pilgrims - answerEnglish Puritan separatists seeking religious freedom
New England Colonies - answerNew Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
Connecticut
Middle Colonies - answerNew York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Southern Colonies - answerMaryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
The Mayflower - answerAn English ship that transported the Puritans from England to
the New World.
The Mayflower Compact - answerThe first document of self-governance signed by the
passengers of the Mayflower on September 16, 1620
What are the causes of the American Revolution - answerStamp Act
Townshend Acts
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Sons of Liberty
Stamp Act - answerA tax put on the American colonies by the British in 1765
Townshend Acts - answerA series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1767. The
laws taxed goods (paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea) imported to the American colonies
Boston Massacre - answerconfrontation where a British soldier shot and killed several
people in Boston. Leading patriots like Paul Revere and Samuel Adams used this as
propaganda for the Revolutionary War
Boston Tea Party - answerA protest by the American Colonists against the British
government. Occurred on December 16, 1773
Sons of Liberty - answerA secret organization created in the 13 American Colonies to
advance the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government
Who were the Sons of Liberty? - answerSamuel Adams, Benedict Arnold, John
Hancock, Patrick Henry, Paul Revere, John Brown
Who was the founder of the Sons of Liberty? - answerSamuel Adams
,Federalist Party - answerCreated by Alexander Hamilton; considered the "big
government party"
Democratic-Republican Party - answerCreated by Thomas Jefferson and James
Madison; considered the "small government party"
Republican Party - answerHenry Clay faction
Democratic Party - answerAndrew Jackson faction
Whig Party - answerAn opposition to Jackson. Transitioned into the Republican party
Articles of Confederation - answerFirst US constitution, weak central government,
inability to levy taxes, inability to regulate interstate and international trade, each state
was represented by 1 vote regardless of its size
Constitutional Convention - answerMeeting with delegates to establish a stronger
constitution
George Washington (1789-1797( - answerNo political party affiliation; former military
general; severed 2 terms
John Adams (1797-1801) - answerFederalist; favored a strong central government;
severed 1 term
Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809) - answerDemocratic-Republican; brokered the Louisiana
Purchase; served 2 terms
James Madison (1909-1817) - answerDemocratic-Republican; president during the War
of 1812 and the burning of the national capital; served 2 terms
Gold Rush - answerWhen gold was discovered in California in 1848, people from
California were the first to rush to the goldfields. News quickly spread to Oregon and
Latin America and eventually throughout the world
Oregon Trail - answerA major route from Missouri to Oregon that pioneers used to
migrate west
Manifest Destiny - answerBelief that the US was destined by God to expand control and
spread democracy across the continent
The Louisiana Purchase - answerA land deal between the US and France in which the
US acquired approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River
for $15 million.
, Erie Canal (1825) - answerA man-made waterway that connects the Atlantic Ocean
through New York City to the Great Lakes. Completion was significant because it
allowed people and freight to travel between the eastern seaboard and the Michigan
port, allowing for cheaper transportation
The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 - answerThis treaty between the US and
representatives of several Native American tribes assigned each tribe to a defined
territory, where they were to remain (reservations)
Antebellum Period - answerThe time period before the Civil War and after the War of
1812. Characterized by an unstable political environment, including the rise of abolition
and the gradual polarization of the country between abolitionists and supporters of
slavery.
Presidents during the Antebellum Period - answerJames Monroe, John Quincy Adams,
Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, James K. Polk
Zachary Taylor
Millard Fillmore
Franklin Pierce
James Buchanan
James Monroe (1817-1825) - answerDemocratic-Republican; signed the Missouri
Compromise making Maine a free state and Missouri a slave state; gave the famous
"Monroe Doctrine" speech to warn Europeans against further colonization; served 2
terms
John Quincy Adams (1825-1829) - answernational republican; defeated Andrew
Jackson for the presidency, which split the Democratic-Republican party into two
political parties; oversaw the completion of the Erie Canal, served 1 term
Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) - answerDemocrat; supported state's rights to expand
slavery; implemented the Indian Removal Act, which allowed the government to forcibly
move Native Americans west of the Mississippi River; implemented poor economic
policies that created the financial crisis of 1837; served 2 terms
Martin Van Buren (1837-1841) - answerDemocrat, president during the economic panic
of 1837; served 1 term
William Henry Harrison (1841) - answerWhig party, died 32 days after taking office;
known for the shortest presidency in US history
John Tyler (1841-1845) - answerWhig Party; vice president to William Henry Harrison
and successor after Harrison's death; vetoed several bills, which led to his own party to
attempt to impeach him; served 1 term
Notes
Key motive for Spanish - answer Gold, Northwest Passage
Key Motive for French - answer Spread Christianity, Northwest passage
Key Motive for England - answer Colonize, northwest passage
Christopher Columbus - answer made one of the most famous voyages of exploration in
1492 when he sailed from Palos, Spain in search of a route to Asia and the Indies.
Instead, he found the New World- the Americas
Hernan Cortes - answerIn 1519, he landed in Mexico with 600 men and fewer than 200
horses. Upon discovering the vast Aztec wealth, his motivations quickly changed from
colonization and Christianity to acquiring gold. He began the first phase of the Spanish
colonization of the Americas and conquered the Aztec empire
1000 - answerLeif Erikson discovers Vinland (New England)
1492 - answerChristopher Columbus discovers the New World
1497 - answerJohn Cabot discovers continental North America
1507 - answerNew World named after Amerigo Vespucci
1513 - answerVasco Nunez de Balboa discovers the Pacific Ocean
1519 - answerHernan Cortes conquered Mexico by defeating the Aztecs and their
leader Montezuma. The victory gave Spain a stronghold over Central American land
and gold for years to come
1521 - answerFerdinand Magellan sails around the world
What were are the 2 first colonies? - answerJamestown and Plymouth
St. Augustine - answerThe oldest city in the US, founded in 1565 by the Spanish.
Jamestown - answerFirst permanent English colony in the Americas and was formed in
1607
,Plymouth Colony - answerFirst permanent Puritan settlement, established by English
Separitist Puritans in December 1620. Pilgrims left England to seek religious freedom
Rhode Island Colony - answerFounded in 1636 by Roger Williams
The Pilgrims - answerEnglish Puritan separatists seeking religious freedom
New England Colonies - answerNew Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island,
Connecticut
Middle Colonies - answerNew York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Southern Colonies - answerMaryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
The Mayflower - answerAn English ship that transported the Puritans from England to
the New World.
The Mayflower Compact - answerThe first document of self-governance signed by the
passengers of the Mayflower on September 16, 1620
What are the causes of the American Revolution - answerStamp Act
Townshend Acts
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Sons of Liberty
Stamp Act - answerA tax put on the American colonies by the British in 1765
Townshend Acts - answerA series of laws passed by the British Parliament in 1767. The
laws taxed goods (paper, paint, lead, glass, and tea) imported to the American colonies
Boston Massacre - answerconfrontation where a British soldier shot and killed several
people in Boston. Leading patriots like Paul Revere and Samuel Adams used this as
propaganda for the Revolutionary War
Boston Tea Party - answerA protest by the American Colonists against the British
government. Occurred on December 16, 1773
Sons of Liberty - answerA secret organization created in the 13 American Colonies to
advance the rights of the colonists and to fight taxation by the British government
Who were the Sons of Liberty? - answerSamuel Adams, Benedict Arnold, John
Hancock, Patrick Henry, Paul Revere, John Brown
Who was the founder of the Sons of Liberty? - answerSamuel Adams
,Federalist Party - answerCreated by Alexander Hamilton; considered the "big
government party"
Democratic-Republican Party - answerCreated by Thomas Jefferson and James
Madison; considered the "small government party"
Republican Party - answerHenry Clay faction
Democratic Party - answerAndrew Jackson faction
Whig Party - answerAn opposition to Jackson. Transitioned into the Republican party
Articles of Confederation - answerFirst US constitution, weak central government,
inability to levy taxes, inability to regulate interstate and international trade, each state
was represented by 1 vote regardless of its size
Constitutional Convention - answerMeeting with delegates to establish a stronger
constitution
George Washington (1789-1797( - answerNo political party affiliation; former military
general; severed 2 terms
John Adams (1797-1801) - answerFederalist; favored a strong central government;
severed 1 term
Thomas Jefferson (1801-1809) - answerDemocratic-Republican; brokered the Louisiana
Purchase; served 2 terms
James Madison (1909-1817) - answerDemocratic-Republican; president during the War
of 1812 and the burning of the national capital; served 2 terms
Gold Rush - answerWhen gold was discovered in California in 1848, people from
California were the first to rush to the goldfields. News quickly spread to Oregon and
Latin America and eventually throughout the world
Oregon Trail - answerA major route from Missouri to Oregon that pioneers used to
migrate west
Manifest Destiny - answerBelief that the US was destined by God to expand control and
spread democracy across the continent
The Louisiana Purchase - answerA land deal between the US and France in which the
US acquired approximately 827,000 square miles of land west of the Mississippi River
for $15 million.
, Erie Canal (1825) - answerA man-made waterway that connects the Atlantic Ocean
through New York City to the Great Lakes. Completion was significant because it
allowed people and freight to travel between the eastern seaboard and the Michigan
port, allowing for cheaper transportation
The Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851 - answerThis treaty between the US and
representatives of several Native American tribes assigned each tribe to a defined
territory, where they were to remain (reservations)
Antebellum Period - answerThe time period before the Civil War and after the War of
1812. Characterized by an unstable political environment, including the rise of abolition
and the gradual polarization of the country between abolitionists and supporters of
slavery.
Presidents during the Antebellum Period - answerJames Monroe, John Quincy Adams,
Andrew Jackson, Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison, John Tyler, James K. Polk
Zachary Taylor
Millard Fillmore
Franklin Pierce
James Buchanan
James Monroe (1817-1825) - answerDemocratic-Republican; signed the Missouri
Compromise making Maine a free state and Missouri a slave state; gave the famous
"Monroe Doctrine" speech to warn Europeans against further colonization; served 2
terms
John Quincy Adams (1825-1829) - answernational republican; defeated Andrew
Jackson for the presidency, which split the Democratic-Republican party into two
political parties; oversaw the completion of the Erie Canal, served 1 term
Andrew Jackson (1829-1837) - answerDemocrat; supported state's rights to expand
slavery; implemented the Indian Removal Act, which allowed the government to forcibly
move Native Americans west of the Mississippi River; implemented poor economic
policies that created the financial crisis of 1837; served 2 terms
Martin Van Buren (1837-1841) - answerDemocrat, president during the economic panic
of 1837; served 1 term
William Henry Harrison (1841) - answerWhig party, died 32 days after taking office;
known for the shortest presidency in US history
John Tyler (1841-1845) - answerWhig Party; vice president to William Henry Harrison
and successor after Harrison's death; vetoed several bills, which led to his own party to
attempt to impeach him; served 1 term
