Praxis 5004 Vocabulary
Abolitionism - answer the ending of slavery
Abraham Lincoln - answer first republican president, an abolitionist elected in 1860; his
election triggered Southern secession. He led the country through the Civil War, but he
was assassinated in 1865 before Reconstruction truly began.
Absolute Location - answera location identifiable by specific geographic coordinates
Alogonquin - answernortheastern Native American Civilization in the Great Lakes region
Ancient Egyptian - answeremerged as early as 5000 BCE in the Nile Valley; known for
their pyramids, art, use of papyrus as paper, and pictorial writing (heiroglyphs); united
under one monarch, or pharaoh
Anthropology - answerthe study of humans and their cultures
Arms Race - answercompetitive weapons development between the US and the USSR
during the 1980s; the US intended to outspend the USSR, thereby weakening it
Articles of Confederation - answerthe original framework of the US government,
designed to create a loose confederation between the colonies (now states) while
allowing them to retain much of their individual sovereignty; created an intentionally
weak, democratic government
Assembly Line - answera labor-intensive method of production developed by Henry
Ford in which workers repetitively execute separate key tasks in production, expediting
the product's completion.
Assyria - answerSumerian-based civilization in the Near East; established military
dominance and played an important role in regional trade
Athens - answerancient Greek city-state that became a revolutionary democracy
controlled by the poor and working classes around 460 BCE; the first known democracy
Augustus Ceasar - answerJulias Ceaser's nephew Octavian who gained control of
Rome in 27 BCE and became the first Roman Emperor
Axis - answerAlliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.
, Babylonia - answerSumerian-based civilization in Mesopotamia; developed courts and
an early codified rule of law - the Code of Hammurabi - "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a
tooth"
Barack Obama - answerfirst African American president, elected in 2008; ended wars in
Afghanistan and Iraq; halted the Great Recession; developed programs to provide
heathcare to uninsured Americans
Battle of Bunker Hill - answertook place on June 17, 1775; caused King George III to
declare that the colonies were in rebellion
Battle of Fort Sumter - answer1861 attack on Union troops in Sumter, South Carolina,
by Confederate forces shortly after South Carolina seceded from the Union; this battle
sparked the Civil War
Battle of Lexington and Concord - answerbeginning of violent conflict between American
rebel militiamen (minutemen) and the British in 1775
Battle of Yorktown - answer1781 defeat of British forces by the Continental Army with
support from France, ending the Revolutionary War
Bill of Rights - answerthe first ten amendments of the US Constitution; a Set of
guarantees of certain rights enjoyed by Americans
Boston Massacre - answer1770 event in which British troops fired on a crowd of
American protestors
Boston Tea Party - answer1773 protest of the Tea Act in which American colonial
protestors disguised as Native Americans tossed tea off a ship in Boston Harbor
Cardinal Directions - answerNorth, South, East, and West
Cesar Chavez - answercivil rights activist; led the United Farm Workers, who advocated
for Hispanic farm workers who faced racial discrimination, poor treatment, and low pay
Checks and Balances - answereach branch of government has certain powers that limit
the power of the other branches
Cherokee - answerSoutheastern Native American Civilization thought to be descended
from the Iroquois; emerged in present-day Georgia; forced during the Trail of Tears to
leave their land and migrate to Indian Territory (Oklahoma)
Civil Rights Movement - answersocial and political movement for the rights of African
Americans and other disenfranchised people in the 1960s
Abolitionism - answer the ending of slavery
Abraham Lincoln - answer first republican president, an abolitionist elected in 1860; his
election triggered Southern secession. He led the country through the Civil War, but he
was assassinated in 1865 before Reconstruction truly began.
Absolute Location - answera location identifiable by specific geographic coordinates
Alogonquin - answernortheastern Native American Civilization in the Great Lakes region
Ancient Egyptian - answeremerged as early as 5000 BCE in the Nile Valley; known for
their pyramids, art, use of papyrus as paper, and pictorial writing (heiroglyphs); united
under one monarch, or pharaoh
Anthropology - answerthe study of humans and their cultures
Arms Race - answercompetitive weapons development between the US and the USSR
during the 1980s; the US intended to outspend the USSR, thereby weakening it
Articles of Confederation - answerthe original framework of the US government,
designed to create a loose confederation between the colonies (now states) while
allowing them to retain much of their individual sovereignty; created an intentionally
weak, democratic government
Assembly Line - answera labor-intensive method of production developed by Henry
Ford in which workers repetitively execute separate key tasks in production, expediting
the product's completion.
Assyria - answerSumerian-based civilization in the Near East; established military
dominance and played an important role in regional trade
Athens - answerancient Greek city-state that became a revolutionary democracy
controlled by the poor and working classes around 460 BCE; the first known democracy
Augustus Ceasar - answerJulias Ceaser's nephew Octavian who gained control of
Rome in 27 BCE and became the first Roman Emperor
Axis - answerAlliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan during World War II.
, Babylonia - answerSumerian-based civilization in Mesopotamia; developed courts and
an early codified rule of law - the Code of Hammurabi - "an eye for an eye, a tooth for a
tooth"
Barack Obama - answerfirst African American president, elected in 2008; ended wars in
Afghanistan and Iraq; halted the Great Recession; developed programs to provide
heathcare to uninsured Americans
Battle of Bunker Hill - answertook place on June 17, 1775; caused King George III to
declare that the colonies were in rebellion
Battle of Fort Sumter - answer1861 attack on Union troops in Sumter, South Carolina,
by Confederate forces shortly after South Carolina seceded from the Union; this battle
sparked the Civil War
Battle of Lexington and Concord - answerbeginning of violent conflict between American
rebel militiamen (minutemen) and the British in 1775
Battle of Yorktown - answer1781 defeat of British forces by the Continental Army with
support from France, ending the Revolutionary War
Bill of Rights - answerthe first ten amendments of the US Constitution; a Set of
guarantees of certain rights enjoyed by Americans
Boston Massacre - answer1770 event in which British troops fired on a crowd of
American protestors
Boston Tea Party - answer1773 protest of the Tea Act in which American colonial
protestors disguised as Native Americans tossed tea off a ship in Boston Harbor
Cardinal Directions - answerNorth, South, East, and West
Cesar Chavez - answercivil rights activist; led the United Farm Workers, who advocated
for Hispanic farm workers who faced racial discrimination, poor treatment, and low pay
Checks and Balances - answereach branch of government has certain powers that limit
the power of the other branches
Cherokee - answerSoutheastern Native American Civilization thought to be descended
from the Iroquois; emerged in present-day Georgia; forced during the Trail of Tears to
leave their land and migrate to Indian Territory (Oklahoma)
Civil Rights Movement - answersocial and political movement for the rights of African
Americans and other disenfranchised people in the 1960s
