Comprehensive Basic Science Exam
(CBSE) Review Set I with correct answer
graded A
Chagas Disease - correct answerCaused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite passed in the
feces of Reduviidae/kissing bug
Penetrates broken skin or intact mucous membranes forming a pseudocyst releasing
inflammatory infiltrates into myocytes; stains with Giemsa & Wright
Romana sign occurs when portal of entry is the conjunctiva or eyelid
May resulting in:
Enlarged heart- CHF, sudden cardiac arrest
Enlarged esophagus- difficulty swallowing
Enlarged colon- abdominal pain or constipation
Treat with benznidazole or nifurtimox
Monocytes - correct answercell with half-moon shaped nucleus that participates in
phagocytosis
Chronic graft rejection - correct answermultifactorial but typically involves
arteriosclerosis
HLA-B27 - correct answerPAIR:
Psoriasis
Ankylosing spondylitis- chronic synovitis destroying cartilage typically in young men
Inflammatory bowel dz- Crohn's & UC
Reactive Arthritis-
Reactive Arthritis - correct answerArthritis as a reaction to a bacterial infection such as
Campylobacter, Chlamydia, Salmonella, Shigella, or Ureaplasma.
Associated with conjunctivitis & uveitis
Gaucher (Type 1) - correct answerAR Lysosomal storage disease
Accumulation of sphingolipid glucocerebroside
Most common
Wrinkled tissue paper
,Comprehensive Basic Science Exam
(CBSE) Review Set I with correct answer
graded A
I Cell disease - correct answerFailure of Golgi apparatus to phosphorylate mannose 6-
phosphate the marker to export enzymes to lysosomes resulting in accumulation of
lysosomal enzymes in serum
Nitroblue tetrazolium test - correct answerAqualitative test to determine defects in
NADPH oxidase
Negative: CGD
Positive: Acute Hepatitis, Mono
CGD (chronic granulomatous disease) - correct answerinability to produce NADPH
oxidase; susceptible to Cat + organisms; elevated neutrophils w/ normal T cell
Gp91 phox subunit: heme binding subunit of superoxide generating NADPH
Treat with interferon gamma
Clarithromycin (macrolide) - correct answerADR of metallic taste & GI
Codeine - correct answerADR resp. depression, euphoria, & constipation
Cyclobenzaprine - correct answerStructurally similar to TCAs w/ anticholinergic side
effects used for relief of muscle spasms
May exacerbate glaucoma
Naproxen - correct answerADR of GI & renal (in elderly)
Timolol - correct answerUsed in HTN & glaucoma; ADR of bradycardia & worsening
asthma
Bacterial vaginosis - correct answerSloughed mucosal cells = clue cells
Trichomoniasis - correct answerCilated, motile trophozoites w/ corkscrew-like motility
Autism - correct answerLack of eye contact, verbal communication, & separation
anxiety; repetitious behavior
Emphysema - correct answerDecreased FEV1/FVC ratio, normal FVC; TLC, FRC, & RV
increase
Parathyroid hormone(PTH) vs phosphate in hypercalcemia - correct answerPTH: rapid
& direct
Phosphate: slow & indirect
, Comprehensive Basic Science Exam
(CBSE) Review Set I with correct answer
graded A
ANP: - correct answerAfib, Ch-1p, NPPA gene mutation causing binding interference,-
decrease cGMP
Failure of development of 3rd or 4th pharyngeal pouches - correct answerDiGeorge
syndrome (CATCH 22): truncus arteriosus & agenesis of parathyroid glands
May also be associated w/ failure of thymus to develop -> T lymphocytes w/ CD3
marker
Huntington disease - correct answerPCR is the most common method to est. # of CAGs
Both the coding & template strands bind the forward & reverse primers on 3' end
Pyrmidine Dimers - correct answerBRAF gain of function mutation causing covalant
thymine (or Cystine) bonds normally repaired thru NER in the G1 phase by
endonuclease recognition then excision (DNA polymerase then fills; ligase then reseals)
Xeroderma pigmentosum - correct answerMutation of NER endonuclease from UV
radiation disrupting DNA replication due to the oligonucleotides remaining damaged
DNA Polymerase I - correct answerRemoval of both leading & lagging RNA primers 5'
to 3' (unique)
Proofreading of mismatch nucleotides via 3' to 5' exonuclease & elongation of lagging
strand 5' to 3' (universal)
Topoisomerase - correct answerEnzyme that functions in DNA replication, helping to
relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork.
Teniposide - correct answerTopoisomerase II inhibitor acting in the S phase & G2
phase:
S phase: prevents proper unwinding of supercoils & reannealing of DNA
G phase: Permanent breaks in both strands of DNA preventing transcription & repair
inducing cell cycle arrest
Cytarabine - correct answerAntimetabolite inhibiting DNA polymerase, arresting cells
solely in S phase
Fluoroquinolones ( -floxacin) - correct answerBactercidal: direct inhibition of
topoisomerase 2 & 4 halting DNA replication as 1st line treatment of uncomplicated
pyelonephritis; older for gram negative & aerobic, newer more broad spectrum
Contraindicated in LQTS with ADR of torn achilles
(CBSE) Review Set I with correct answer
graded A
Chagas Disease - correct answerCaused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasite passed in the
feces of Reduviidae/kissing bug
Penetrates broken skin or intact mucous membranes forming a pseudocyst releasing
inflammatory infiltrates into myocytes; stains with Giemsa & Wright
Romana sign occurs when portal of entry is the conjunctiva or eyelid
May resulting in:
Enlarged heart- CHF, sudden cardiac arrest
Enlarged esophagus- difficulty swallowing
Enlarged colon- abdominal pain or constipation
Treat with benznidazole or nifurtimox
Monocytes - correct answercell with half-moon shaped nucleus that participates in
phagocytosis
Chronic graft rejection - correct answermultifactorial but typically involves
arteriosclerosis
HLA-B27 - correct answerPAIR:
Psoriasis
Ankylosing spondylitis- chronic synovitis destroying cartilage typically in young men
Inflammatory bowel dz- Crohn's & UC
Reactive Arthritis-
Reactive Arthritis - correct answerArthritis as a reaction to a bacterial infection such as
Campylobacter, Chlamydia, Salmonella, Shigella, or Ureaplasma.
Associated with conjunctivitis & uveitis
Gaucher (Type 1) - correct answerAR Lysosomal storage disease
Accumulation of sphingolipid glucocerebroside
Most common
Wrinkled tissue paper
,Comprehensive Basic Science Exam
(CBSE) Review Set I with correct answer
graded A
I Cell disease - correct answerFailure of Golgi apparatus to phosphorylate mannose 6-
phosphate the marker to export enzymes to lysosomes resulting in accumulation of
lysosomal enzymes in serum
Nitroblue tetrazolium test - correct answerAqualitative test to determine defects in
NADPH oxidase
Negative: CGD
Positive: Acute Hepatitis, Mono
CGD (chronic granulomatous disease) - correct answerinability to produce NADPH
oxidase; susceptible to Cat + organisms; elevated neutrophils w/ normal T cell
Gp91 phox subunit: heme binding subunit of superoxide generating NADPH
Treat with interferon gamma
Clarithromycin (macrolide) - correct answerADR of metallic taste & GI
Codeine - correct answerADR resp. depression, euphoria, & constipation
Cyclobenzaprine - correct answerStructurally similar to TCAs w/ anticholinergic side
effects used for relief of muscle spasms
May exacerbate glaucoma
Naproxen - correct answerADR of GI & renal (in elderly)
Timolol - correct answerUsed in HTN & glaucoma; ADR of bradycardia & worsening
asthma
Bacterial vaginosis - correct answerSloughed mucosal cells = clue cells
Trichomoniasis - correct answerCilated, motile trophozoites w/ corkscrew-like motility
Autism - correct answerLack of eye contact, verbal communication, & separation
anxiety; repetitious behavior
Emphysema - correct answerDecreased FEV1/FVC ratio, normal FVC; TLC, FRC, & RV
increase
Parathyroid hormone(PTH) vs phosphate in hypercalcemia - correct answerPTH: rapid
& direct
Phosphate: slow & indirect
, Comprehensive Basic Science Exam
(CBSE) Review Set I with correct answer
graded A
ANP: - correct answerAfib, Ch-1p, NPPA gene mutation causing binding interference,-
decrease cGMP
Failure of development of 3rd or 4th pharyngeal pouches - correct answerDiGeorge
syndrome (CATCH 22): truncus arteriosus & agenesis of parathyroid glands
May also be associated w/ failure of thymus to develop -> T lymphocytes w/ CD3
marker
Huntington disease - correct answerPCR is the most common method to est. # of CAGs
Both the coding & template strands bind the forward & reverse primers on 3' end
Pyrmidine Dimers - correct answerBRAF gain of function mutation causing covalant
thymine (or Cystine) bonds normally repaired thru NER in the G1 phase by
endonuclease recognition then excision (DNA polymerase then fills; ligase then reseals)
Xeroderma pigmentosum - correct answerMutation of NER endonuclease from UV
radiation disrupting DNA replication due to the oligonucleotides remaining damaged
DNA Polymerase I - correct answerRemoval of both leading & lagging RNA primers 5'
to 3' (unique)
Proofreading of mismatch nucleotides via 3' to 5' exonuclease & elongation of lagging
strand 5' to 3' (universal)
Topoisomerase - correct answerEnzyme that functions in DNA replication, helping to
relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork.
Teniposide - correct answerTopoisomerase II inhibitor acting in the S phase & G2
phase:
S phase: prevents proper unwinding of supercoils & reannealing of DNA
G phase: Permanent breaks in both strands of DNA preventing transcription & repair
inducing cell cycle arrest
Cytarabine - correct answerAntimetabolite inhibiting DNA polymerase, arresting cells
solely in S phase
Fluoroquinolones ( -floxacin) - correct answerBactercidal: direct inhibition of
topoisomerase 2 & 4 halting DNA replication as 1st line treatment of uncomplicated
pyelonephritis; older for gram negative & aerobic, newer more broad spectrum
Contraindicated in LQTS with ADR of torn achilles
