Constructivism - Answers Students learn through direct experiences with their environment, students
construct their understanding and develop their thinking.
Behaviorism - Answers Learning consists of the acquisition of new behaviors that are either reinforced
to increase frequency or not reinforced to extinguish the behavior.
Bottom-Up Approach - Answers Students first learn the names and shapes of letters, followed by
consonant sounds, next simple vowels and then more complex vowel correspondences.
Reader-Response Theory - Answers Reading is a transaction between the text and the reader, the reader
affects the text and is affected by it.
Top-Down Approach - Answers A holistic approach to learning to read. Sub-skills are not taught. Instead
students learn to use their background knowledge to predict/infer the content of print.
During a reading activity, Mr Maui has his 6th graders focus on experiencing the piece; paying attention
to the feelings, attitudes, and ideas evoked by the words. What is he implementing? - Answers Aesthetic
stance
What kind of approach to reading uses sets of children's books as a basis for providing literacy
instruction? - Answers the literature-based approach
disadvantages of basal readers - Answers -will not interest all students
-only offer small pieces of a novel
-structure can restrain the class to move through the material
Mrs. Neval has grouped her students and provided each group with reading selections matched to their
level of development. When working with each individual group, she provides whatever guidance that
particular group needs to successfully read a selection. What is Mrs Neval implementing? - Answers
guided reading
- Answers -core literature
-text sets
-thematic units
Mrs. Tafita has organized this weeks writing instruction to include a mini-lesson on vivid verbs for
descriptive writing, followed by set times for students to write. She will then hold individual or peer
conferences before holding a class sharing session. In what format has Mrs. Tafita organized her writing
instruction? - Answers writing workshops