EMT FISDAP CARDIOLOGY EXAM, CARDIOLOGY
FISDAP 2025 | 150 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS
1. What is the definition of pericardial effusion?
Thickening of the myocardium
Collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the
myocardium
Blockage of blood flow to the heart
Inflammation of the pericardial sac
2. Describe the physiological mechanism that leads to angina in the heart.
Angina occurs due to excessive oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
Angina is a result of heart muscle inflammation.
Angina results from an imbalance between the heart's oxygen
demand and the available oxygen supply.
Angina is caused by a complete blockage of blood flow to the
heart.
3. Any organized electrical activity observed on an ECG or cardiac monitor in
a individual with no palpable pulse is referred to as:
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia without pulses
PEA (pulseless electrical activity)
Asystole
,4. Describe the significance of the upstroke in CPR compressions in relation
to blood circulation.
The upstroke helps to reduce chest pain during a cardiac event.
The upstroke increases the heart rate, improving blood flow.
The upstroke allows blood to fill the heart chamber, which is
essential for effective circulation during CPR.
The upstroke promotes oxygen exchange in the lungs.
5. Angina occurs when
oxygen requirement of cardiac muscle exceeds that of oxygen
supply.
cardiac output is inadequate to provide oxygen needed by the
body.
peripheral vascular resistance exceeds filling pressure.
Na-K ATPase is dysfunctional.
6. Describe the significance of knowing the contraindications for nitroglycerin
in emergency cardiac care.
Nitroglycerin can be given to any patient experiencing chest pain.
Knowing the contraindications for nitroglycerin is crucial to
prevent adverse effects and ensure patient safety during cardiac
emergencies.
Contraindications only apply to patients with a history of heart
disease.
Contraindications are irrelevant in emergency situations.
,7. In a scenario where a patient presents with sudden onset of weakness,
chest pain, and irregular heart rate, what immediate action should be taken
based on the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
Suggest the patient take an aspirin and wait for symptoms to
improve.
Provide the patient with water and ask them to rest.
Administer CPR and call for emergency medical services
immediately.
Monitor the patient for 30 minutes before taking any action.
8. What is a common symptom associated with cardiogenic shock?
Progressive hypotension
Shortness of breath
Rapid pulse
Chest pain
9. Describe how unstable angina differs from stable angina in terms of
symptom persistence.
Unstable angina is less severe than stable angina and resolves
quickly.
Unstable angina is a chronic condition, while stable angina is acute.
Unstable angina is characterized by chest pain that persists
regardless of rest or treatment, while stable angina typically
resolves with rest or nitroglycerin.
Unstable angina occurs only during physical activity, while stable
angina can occur at rest.
, 10. In a scenario where a patient has regained consciousness and is
responsive after an AED shock, but begins to show signs of vomiting, what
immediate action should you take regarding their position?
Lay them flat on their back to prevent choking
Sit them upright to ease breathing
Place them in the recovery position
Keep them supine to monitor their condition
11. What term is used to describe an abnormal heart rhythm?
Dysrhythmia
Tachycardia
Arrhythmia
Bradycardia
12. What is the first action to take when a child is in cardiac arrest with
unknown down time?
Check for a pulse
Administer nitroglycerin
Perform CPR while attaching AED
Call for emergency services
13. In a scenario where a patient has received multiple doses of nitroglycerin
and begins to show signs of decreased perfusion, what immediate action
should be taken to address the situation?
Administer another dose of nitroglycerin to increase blood flow.
FISDAP 2025 | 150 QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE
SOLUTIONS
1. What is the definition of pericardial effusion?
Thickening of the myocardium
Collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and the
myocardium
Blockage of blood flow to the heart
Inflammation of the pericardial sac
2. Describe the physiological mechanism that leads to angina in the heart.
Angina occurs due to excessive oxygen supply to the heart muscle.
Angina is a result of heart muscle inflammation.
Angina results from an imbalance between the heart's oxygen
demand and the available oxygen supply.
Angina is caused by a complete blockage of blood flow to the
heart.
3. Any organized electrical activity observed on an ECG or cardiac monitor in
a individual with no palpable pulse is referred to as:
Ventricular fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia without pulses
PEA (pulseless electrical activity)
Asystole
,4. Describe the significance of the upstroke in CPR compressions in relation
to blood circulation.
The upstroke helps to reduce chest pain during a cardiac event.
The upstroke increases the heart rate, improving blood flow.
The upstroke allows blood to fill the heart chamber, which is
essential for effective circulation during CPR.
The upstroke promotes oxygen exchange in the lungs.
5. Angina occurs when
oxygen requirement of cardiac muscle exceeds that of oxygen
supply.
cardiac output is inadequate to provide oxygen needed by the
body.
peripheral vascular resistance exceeds filling pressure.
Na-K ATPase is dysfunctional.
6. Describe the significance of knowing the contraindications for nitroglycerin
in emergency cardiac care.
Nitroglycerin can be given to any patient experiencing chest pain.
Knowing the contraindications for nitroglycerin is crucial to
prevent adverse effects and ensure patient safety during cardiac
emergencies.
Contraindications only apply to patients with a history of heart
disease.
Contraindications are irrelevant in emergency situations.
,7. In a scenario where a patient presents with sudden onset of weakness,
chest pain, and irregular heart rate, what immediate action should be taken
based on the symptoms of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
Suggest the patient take an aspirin and wait for symptoms to
improve.
Provide the patient with water and ask them to rest.
Administer CPR and call for emergency medical services
immediately.
Monitor the patient for 30 minutes before taking any action.
8. What is a common symptom associated with cardiogenic shock?
Progressive hypotension
Shortness of breath
Rapid pulse
Chest pain
9. Describe how unstable angina differs from stable angina in terms of
symptom persistence.
Unstable angina is less severe than stable angina and resolves
quickly.
Unstable angina is a chronic condition, while stable angina is acute.
Unstable angina is characterized by chest pain that persists
regardless of rest or treatment, while stable angina typically
resolves with rest or nitroglycerin.
Unstable angina occurs only during physical activity, while stable
angina can occur at rest.
, 10. In a scenario where a patient has regained consciousness and is
responsive after an AED shock, but begins to show signs of vomiting, what
immediate action should you take regarding their position?
Lay them flat on their back to prevent choking
Sit them upright to ease breathing
Place them in the recovery position
Keep them supine to monitor their condition
11. What term is used to describe an abnormal heart rhythm?
Dysrhythmia
Tachycardia
Arrhythmia
Bradycardia
12. What is the first action to take when a child is in cardiac arrest with
unknown down time?
Check for a pulse
Administer nitroglycerin
Perform CPR while attaching AED
Call for emergency services
13. In a scenario where a patient has received multiple doses of nitroglycerin
and begins to show signs of decreased perfusion, what immediate action
should be taken to address the situation?
Administer another dose of nitroglycerin to increase blood flow.
