FSLD Exam 4 Questions with
Correct Answers
When is the age of productive syntax - Answer-when they put two word utterances
together
At what age do inflectional morphemes show up - Answer-27 months: 2 word utterances
Why does overregularization occur? - Answer-child learns the grammar, but they are
overusing it
- feet (imitation)
- foots (learn s rule, but not the exception)
- feet (learn exception
Mean length of utterance (MLU) - Answer-measure of language development in kids
based off of average length of utterances in spontaneous speech
* accurate for preschool age kids and not for school age kids because grammar is
starting to show up, it just isn't perfect yet
Calculating MLU in words - Answer-number of words divided by 10
calculating MLU in morphemes - Answer-count the number of free morphemes,
inflectional bound morphemes, and contracted words, count the number and divide by
10
regular third person -s - Answer-Lauren: sings, talks, plays, runs, etc.
irregular third person verbs - Answer-go to "goes" (not go's)
do to "does" (not do's)
prescriptive rules - Answer-how a language and its rules should be used
descriptive rules - Answer-language, its structures, and rules as they are used in daily
life
open class words (lexical or content) - Answer-words that carry most of the meaning in
a sentence
- we add and drop these over time
, closed class words (functional) - Answer-words that carry little meaning in a sentence
- build the structure of a sentence and clarify relationships between content words
- and, can, do, at, that, in
derivational morphemes in noun phrases - Answer-can be a prefix or suffix of a noun or
adj; changes meaning or part of speech
friendSHIP
UNhappy
derivational morphemes in verb phrases - Answer-can be a prefix or a suffix of a verb or
adverb
- "tie the shoe" to "untie the shoe"
inflectional morphemes - Answer-plural-s: (cat+s = cats)
possessive -s: Lauren's
verbal 3rd person -s: she works
past -ed: jumped, climbed
progressive -ing: jump+ing
main verb - Answer-the important verb in a sentence, typically shows the action or state
of being of the subject
- example: Lauren FEELS happy
Lauren BAKES a cake
copula be - Answer-different forms of being (am, is, are, was, were)
auxiliary verb - Answer-helping verbs; add functional/grammatical meaning to a verb
- example: I AM having a cup of coffee
Lauren WILL run home
modal auxiliary verbs - Answer-helping verb that indicates ability, intonation, or
probability
contraction - Answer-where a free morpheme becomes a bound morpheme
- I will to "I'll"
direct object - Answer-object being acted upon
- example: Mark pitched THE BALL to his brother
- Lauren cooked DINNER for her friends
indirect object - Answer-receives the direct object
- example: Mark pitched the ball to HIS BROTHER
- Lauren cooked dinner for HER FRIENDS
noun - Answer-person, place, or thing
Correct Answers
When is the age of productive syntax - Answer-when they put two word utterances
together
At what age do inflectional morphemes show up - Answer-27 months: 2 word utterances
Why does overregularization occur? - Answer-child learns the grammar, but they are
overusing it
- feet (imitation)
- foots (learn s rule, but not the exception)
- feet (learn exception
Mean length of utterance (MLU) - Answer-measure of language development in kids
based off of average length of utterances in spontaneous speech
* accurate for preschool age kids and not for school age kids because grammar is
starting to show up, it just isn't perfect yet
Calculating MLU in words - Answer-number of words divided by 10
calculating MLU in morphemes - Answer-count the number of free morphemes,
inflectional bound morphemes, and contracted words, count the number and divide by
10
regular third person -s - Answer-Lauren: sings, talks, plays, runs, etc.
irregular third person verbs - Answer-go to "goes" (not go's)
do to "does" (not do's)
prescriptive rules - Answer-how a language and its rules should be used
descriptive rules - Answer-language, its structures, and rules as they are used in daily
life
open class words (lexical or content) - Answer-words that carry most of the meaning in
a sentence
- we add and drop these over time
, closed class words (functional) - Answer-words that carry little meaning in a sentence
- build the structure of a sentence and clarify relationships between content words
- and, can, do, at, that, in
derivational morphemes in noun phrases - Answer-can be a prefix or suffix of a noun or
adj; changes meaning or part of speech
friendSHIP
UNhappy
derivational morphemes in verb phrases - Answer-can be a prefix or a suffix of a verb or
adverb
- "tie the shoe" to "untie the shoe"
inflectional morphemes - Answer-plural-s: (cat+s = cats)
possessive -s: Lauren's
verbal 3rd person -s: she works
past -ed: jumped, climbed
progressive -ing: jump+ing
main verb - Answer-the important verb in a sentence, typically shows the action or state
of being of the subject
- example: Lauren FEELS happy
Lauren BAKES a cake
copula be - Answer-different forms of being (am, is, are, was, were)
auxiliary verb - Answer-helping verbs; add functional/grammatical meaning to a verb
- example: I AM having a cup of coffee
Lauren WILL run home
modal auxiliary verbs - Answer-helping verb that indicates ability, intonation, or
probability
contraction - Answer-where a free morpheme becomes a bound morpheme
- I will to "I'll"
direct object - Answer-object being acted upon
- example: Mark pitched THE BALL to his brother
- Lauren cooked DINNER for her friends
indirect object - Answer-receives the direct object
- example: Mark pitched the ball to HIS BROTHER
- Lauren cooked dinner for HER FRIENDS
noun - Answer-person, place, or thing
