POL 3312 Final Exam question with
verified answers graded A+
How the budget process works (both the traditional budget process and how
Congress budgets if a budget can't be passed in time) - correct answer ✔✔Fiscal
Year
If the Fiscal year begins Oct 1st and ends Sept 30th
-By February/ March, the president's budget presented to Congress
-Appropriations Committees in the House and Senate( 12 subcommittees that
each focus on a particular aspect of the budget) this would happen in the
Spring/Early summer
-Floor debates and votes (reconciliation in the Senate) (should be done by the end
of the summer)
What if you do not pass the budget by October 1st?
-Continuing Resolution: maintains the status quo from the last time you passed a
yearly budget ( this takes about a few weeks to a few months)
-No continuing resolution, you get a government shutdown
-Government shutdowns began in 1981→ present day)
Major developments in the history of the budget process - correct answer ✔✔
Mandatory vs. discretionary spending (definition and examples) - correct answer
✔✔- Mandatory spending: spending for entitlement programs and certain other
payments to people, businesses, and state and local governments.
, -(approximately 62% of the budget) is NOT controlled through the yearly
appropriations process
ex: Medicaid, Social Security, Medicare, Unemployment, SNAP/TANF, Student
loans, Federal Pensions
-Discretionary spending: using money for nonessential expenses
-(approximately 37% IS controlled through the budget) the yearly appropriations
process
ex: Defense, Medical Research, Nature Research (any kind of research),
transportation/ infrastructure, NASA
Party position change (how and why it occurs) - correct answer ✔✔
Presidential advantage in foreign policy arena - correct answer ✔✔President has
the power to negotiate and sign treaties, which the Senate ratifies. The President
can issue executive orders, which direct executive officers or clarify and further
existing laws.
President is assumed to have an advantage relative to Congress in the crafting of
foreign policy
-The Commander in Chief power, which has been interpreted broadly over time by
the Supreme Court.
-Power is more centralized in the executive branch, making it easier for the
president to act quickly and unilaterally
-The President has access to classified information that is kept from Congress
verified answers graded A+
How the budget process works (both the traditional budget process and how
Congress budgets if a budget can't be passed in time) - correct answer ✔✔Fiscal
Year
If the Fiscal year begins Oct 1st and ends Sept 30th
-By February/ March, the president's budget presented to Congress
-Appropriations Committees in the House and Senate( 12 subcommittees that
each focus on a particular aspect of the budget) this would happen in the
Spring/Early summer
-Floor debates and votes (reconciliation in the Senate) (should be done by the end
of the summer)
What if you do not pass the budget by October 1st?
-Continuing Resolution: maintains the status quo from the last time you passed a
yearly budget ( this takes about a few weeks to a few months)
-No continuing resolution, you get a government shutdown
-Government shutdowns began in 1981→ present day)
Major developments in the history of the budget process - correct answer ✔✔
Mandatory vs. discretionary spending (definition and examples) - correct answer
✔✔- Mandatory spending: spending for entitlement programs and certain other
payments to people, businesses, and state and local governments.
, -(approximately 62% of the budget) is NOT controlled through the yearly
appropriations process
ex: Medicaid, Social Security, Medicare, Unemployment, SNAP/TANF, Student
loans, Federal Pensions
-Discretionary spending: using money for nonessential expenses
-(approximately 37% IS controlled through the budget) the yearly appropriations
process
ex: Defense, Medical Research, Nature Research (any kind of research),
transportation/ infrastructure, NASA
Party position change (how and why it occurs) - correct answer ✔✔
Presidential advantage in foreign policy arena - correct answer ✔✔President has
the power to negotiate and sign treaties, which the Senate ratifies. The President
can issue executive orders, which direct executive officers or clarify and further
existing laws.
President is assumed to have an advantage relative to Congress in the crafting of
foreign policy
-The Commander in Chief power, which has been interpreted broadly over time by
the Supreme Court.
-Power is more centralized in the executive branch, making it easier for the
president to act quickly and unilaterally
-The President has access to classified information that is kept from Congress
