Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
1. What system controls cellular activity that regulates growth and body meta
h h h h h h h h h h
bolism: Endocrine h
2. What does the endocrine system do?: Organs and glands that secrete hormon
h h h h h h h h h h h
es and release them directly into the circulation
h h h h h h h
3. what are hormones in terms of the endocrine system?: Chemical messengers
h h h h h h h h h h
hsecreted by the endocrine organs and transported through the body to act of targe
h h h h h h h h h h h h h
t cells
h
4. receptor sites respond to: a specific hormone
h h h h h h
5. When hormone production is altered...: people experience health issues such
h h h h h h h h h h
as diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, ect
h h h h
6. ________ and ______ regulate homeostasis.: Hypothalamus and pituitary 7. pi
h h h h h h h h h
tuitary gland: Secretes hormones with multiple targets-
h h h h h h
hovaries, testes, kidneys, ect h h h
8. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) maintains...: maintains fluid volume balance by p
h h h h h h h h h
romoting water reabsorption in the kidneys h h h h h
9. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates...: stimulates ovaries h h h h h
10. Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates...: stimulates testes h h h h h
11. Thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates..: increase the secretion of thyroid hor
h h h h h h h h h
mones
12. Adrenal Glands secrete: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, and also cate
h h h h h h h h
cholamines
13. the Adrenal gland is under control of the: Sympathetic Nervous System 14. A
h h h h h h h h h h h h
ldosterone promotes: sodium reabsorption in the kidneys and potassium excre
h h h h h h h h h
tion
15. Parathyroid ....: - Controls calcium and phosphorus metabolism
h h h h h h h h
- Increases serum calcium levels
h h h h
Produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)
h h h
16. The largest endocrine gland; is a butterfly shaped organ located in the low
h h h h h h h h h h h h
er neck, anterior to the trachea: Thyroid
h h h h h h
17. The blood flow to the thyroid is: very high; approximately 5x the blood flow to t
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
he liver. h
18. thyroxine (T4): Maintains body's metabolism in a steady state
h h h h h h h h
1h/h42
, Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
. h
19. triiodothyronine (T3): • Regulates metabolic rate of all cells and processes of ce h h h h h h h h h h h h
ll growth and tissue differentiation
h h h h
• Accelerates metabolic processes (increases the level of specific enzymes)20. thyr
h h h h h h h h h
ocalcitonin (calcitonin): • Regulates calcium and phosphorus blood levels
h h h h h h h h
• It is secreted in response to high plasma levels of calcium.
h h h h h h h h h h
• Reduces the plasma levels of calcium by increasing its deposition in bone.
h h h h h h h h h h h
21. hyperthyroid comes from: Graves disease, thyroid storm
h h h h h h h
22 Hypothyroid comes from: Hashimoto's, thyroid surgery, radioactive iodine thera
h h h h h h h h h
py
23. Thyroiditis: inflammation of the thyroid gland h h h h h
24. Toxic multinodular goiter: a thyroid tumor
h h h h h
25. how to assess thyroid gland: stand behind client, they tilt head back and ask cli
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
ent to swallow and feel for a throat rise
h h h h h h h h
26. Hyperthyroidism is caused by: excessive circulating thyroid hormones. h h h h h h h
27. Excessive thyroid hormone increases: metabolic rate and produces a hyperm
h h h h h h h h h
etabolic state h
28. People at higher risk for hyperthyroidism: Womenh h h h h h
Increased iodine intake h h
Age between 20-40
h h
29. Clinical Manifestations of hyperthyroidism: - Palpitations, elevated heart rate
h h h h h h h h
- Increased appetite with weight loss h h h h
- Hypermotility of bowels, amenorrhea h h h
- Heat intolerance h
- Insomnia, fatigue h
- Hair loss, thin hair
h h h
- Emotional lability h
- Nervousness
- Exophthalmos (bulging eyes) h h
- Goiter (neck bulge) h h
30. Lab findings for hyperthyroidism: ‘T3
h h h h
‘T4
“ TSH
h
31. Diagnostic tests for hyperthyroidism: EKG-Tachycardia, dysrhythmias h h h h h
2h/h42
, Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
Thyroid scan- Radioactive iodine, faster uptake
h h h h h
32. What is Grave's disease?: - Autoimmune disorder with unknown etiology
h h h h h h h h h
- Exophthalmos-forward protrusion of the eyeballs h h h h
- Upper eyelids are retracted, sclera visible above the iris
h h h h h h h h
- Enlarged thyroid gland-goiter h h
33. Nursing management for hyperthyroidism: - Provide calm cool environment -
h h h h h h h h h h
hVital signs-Temp h
- Assist with ADL's as needed h h h h
- Nutrition, adequate fluid, monitor weight h h h h
- Provide eye protection-patches, lubricant, encourage blinking
h h h h h
- Avoid excess palpation of thyroid gland
h h h h h
- Administer medications and educate h h h
34. Clinical manifestations for Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis: Tachycardia, hi
h h h h h h h h h
gh temp 102*-
h h
106*, HTN, abdominal pain, tremors, change in LOC, seizures, coma 35. managem
h h h h h h h h h h h
ent for Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis: Cooling, airway management, fluids
h h h h h h h h h
Seizure precautions h
36. using iodine solutions for Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis: -
h h h h h h h h h
hCauses thyroid cells to become oversaturated with iodine and stop producing thyroid
h h h h h h h h h h h
hhormone
- Contraindicated with a shellfish allergy-controversial h h h h
-Monitor for manifestations of hypothyroidism
h h h h
-If radioactive iodine-use different
h h h h
- use own toilet and stuff (don't want the iodine to spread to others)
h h h h h h h h h h h h
37. Beta blockers - h h
propranolol (Inderal), atenolol (Tenormin) in terms of Thyroid storm or thyr
h h h h h h h h h h h
otoxicosis: -Treat SNS effects such as palpitations and tachycardia h h h h h h h h
38. Thioamides-
propylthiouracil (PTU), and methimazole (Tapazole) in terms of Thyroid st
h h h h h h h h h h
orm or thyrotoxicosis: Prevent formation of thyroid hormone in the thyroid cells
h h h h h h h h h h h
39. Thioamides adverse effects: Drowsiness/lethargy h h h
Bradycardia
Nausea/vomiting
Can lower WBC h h
3h/h42
, Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
. h
Hypothyroidism
Take these at the same time every day, usually AM. Monitor weight 2-
h h h h h h h h h h h h
3 times per week
h h h
40. pre op goal for Surgical thyroidectomy: get it as close to baseline as you can p
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
re op. h
41. Post op goal for Surgical thyroidectomy: Airway management-
h h h h h h h
Respiratory distress
h h
HOB elevated- avoid flexion of neck, support with pillows
h h h h h h h h
Hemorrhage
Assess for laryngeal damage h h h
Hypocalcemia-tetany (calcium supplements) h h
42. what are the two signs hypothyroidism: Chvostek SIgn
h h h h h h h
Trousseau Sign h
43. Chvostek sign: Cheek twitching h h h
44. Trousseau Sign: carpal spasms are induced by inflating sphygmomanometer c h h h h h h h h h
uff on the upper arm to a pressure exceeding systolic blood pressure for three min
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
utes
45 Hypothyroidism is: A condition with inadequate number of circulating hormones
h h h h h h h h h h h
T3 and T4 causing a decrease in metabolic rate which affects all body systems
h h h h h h h h h h h h h
46. Hypothyroidism is caused by: -Autoimmune disease (Hashimotos disease) h h h h h h h
-Thyroid surgery/Radioactive iodine therapy h h h
-Treatment of hyperthyroidism h h
47. people at highest risk for hypothyroidism: Women h h h h h h
Age 30-60 h
Inadequate intake of iodine h h h
48. Clinical Manifestations for hypothyroidism: Bradycardia, bradypnea Drowsin
h h h h h h
ess/lethargy
Increased sleep, fatigue h h
Weight gain, anorexia h h
Cold intolerance, hypothermiah h
Constipation, menorrhagia h
Thinning hair, dry skin h h h
Goiter
4h/h42
1. What system controls cellular activity that regulates growth and body meta
h h h h h h h h h h
bolism: Endocrine h
2. What does the endocrine system do?: Organs and glands that secrete hormon
h h h h h h h h h h h
es and release them directly into the circulation
h h h h h h h
3. what are hormones in terms of the endocrine system?: Chemical messengers
h h h h h h h h h h
hsecreted by the endocrine organs and transported through the body to act of targe
h h h h h h h h h h h h h
t cells
h
4. receptor sites respond to: a specific hormone
h h h h h h
5. When hormone production is altered...: people experience health issues such
h h h h h h h h h h
as diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, ect
h h h h
6. ________ and ______ regulate homeostasis.: Hypothalamus and pituitary 7. pi
h h h h h h h h h
tuitary gland: Secretes hormones with multiple targets-
h h h h h h
hovaries, testes, kidneys, ect h h h
8. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) maintains...: maintains fluid volume balance by p
h h h h h h h h h
romoting water reabsorption in the kidneys h h h h h
9. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates...: stimulates ovaries h h h h h
10. Luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates...: stimulates testes h h h h h
11. Thyroid-
stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulates..: increase the secretion of thyroid hor
h h h h h h h h h
mones
12. Adrenal Glands secrete: glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids, and also cate
h h h h h h h h
cholamines
13. the Adrenal gland is under control of the: Sympathetic Nervous System 14. A
h h h h h h h h h h h h
ldosterone promotes: sodium reabsorption in the kidneys and potassium excre
h h h h h h h h h
tion
15. Parathyroid ....: - Controls calcium and phosphorus metabolism
h h h h h h h h
- Increases serum calcium levels
h h h h
Produce parathyroid hormone (PTH)
h h h
16. The largest endocrine gland; is a butterfly shaped organ located in the low
h h h h h h h h h h h h
er neck, anterior to the trachea: Thyroid
h h h h h h
17. The blood flow to the thyroid is: very high; approximately 5x the blood flow to t
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
he liver. h
18. thyroxine (T4): Maintains body's metabolism in a steady state
h h h h h h h h
1h/h42
, Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
. h
19. triiodothyronine (T3): • Regulates metabolic rate of all cells and processes of ce h h h h h h h h h h h h
ll growth and tissue differentiation
h h h h
• Accelerates metabolic processes (increases the level of specific enzymes)20. thyr
h h h h h h h h h
ocalcitonin (calcitonin): • Regulates calcium and phosphorus blood levels
h h h h h h h h
• It is secreted in response to high plasma levels of calcium.
h h h h h h h h h h
• Reduces the plasma levels of calcium by increasing its deposition in bone.
h h h h h h h h h h h
21. hyperthyroid comes from: Graves disease, thyroid storm
h h h h h h h
22 Hypothyroid comes from: Hashimoto's, thyroid surgery, radioactive iodine thera
h h h h h h h h h
py
23. Thyroiditis: inflammation of the thyroid gland h h h h h
24. Toxic multinodular goiter: a thyroid tumor
h h h h h
25. how to assess thyroid gland: stand behind client, they tilt head back and ask cli
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
ent to swallow and feel for a throat rise
h h h h h h h h
26. Hyperthyroidism is caused by: excessive circulating thyroid hormones. h h h h h h h
27. Excessive thyroid hormone increases: metabolic rate and produces a hyperm
h h h h h h h h h
etabolic state h
28. People at higher risk for hyperthyroidism: Womenh h h h h h
Increased iodine intake h h
Age between 20-40
h h
29. Clinical Manifestations of hyperthyroidism: - Palpitations, elevated heart rate
h h h h h h h h
- Increased appetite with weight loss h h h h
- Hypermotility of bowels, amenorrhea h h h
- Heat intolerance h
- Insomnia, fatigue h
- Hair loss, thin hair
h h h
- Emotional lability h
- Nervousness
- Exophthalmos (bulging eyes) h h
- Goiter (neck bulge) h h
30. Lab findings for hyperthyroidism: ‘T3
h h h h
‘T4
“ TSH
h
31. Diagnostic tests for hyperthyroidism: EKG-Tachycardia, dysrhythmias h h h h h
2h/h42
, Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
Thyroid scan- Radioactive iodine, faster uptake
h h h h h
32. What is Grave's disease?: - Autoimmune disorder with unknown etiology
h h h h h h h h h
- Exophthalmos-forward protrusion of the eyeballs h h h h
- Upper eyelids are retracted, sclera visible above the iris
h h h h h h h h
- Enlarged thyroid gland-goiter h h
33. Nursing management for hyperthyroidism: - Provide calm cool environment -
h h h h h h h h h h
hVital signs-Temp h
- Assist with ADL's as needed h h h h
- Nutrition, adequate fluid, monitor weight h h h h
- Provide eye protection-patches, lubricant, encourage blinking
h h h h h
- Avoid excess palpation of thyroid gland
h h h h h
- Administer medications and educate h h h
34. Clinical manifestations for Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis: Tachycardia, hi
h h h h h h h h h
gh temp 102*-
h h
106*, HTN, abdominal pain, tremors, change in LOC, seizures, coma 35. managem
h h h h h h h h h h h
ent for Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis: Cooling, airway management, fluids
h h h h h h h h h
Seizure precautions h
36. using iodine solutions for Thyroid storm or thyrotoxicosis: -
h h h h h h h h h
hCauses thyroid cells to become oversaturated with iodine and stop producing thyroid
h h h h h h h h h h h
hhormone
- Contraindicated with a shellfish allergy-controversial h h h h
-Monitor for manifestations of hypothyroidism
h h h h
-If radioactive iodine-use different
h h h h
- use own toilet and stuff (don't want the iodine to spread to others)
h h h h h h h h h h h h
37. Beta blockers - h h
propranolol (Inderal), atenolol (Tenormin) in terms of Thyroid storm or thyr
h h h h h h h h h h h
otoxicosis: -Treat SNS effects such as palpitations and tachycardia h h h h h h h h
38. Thioamides-
propylthiouracil (PTU), and methimazole (Tapazole) in terms of Thyroid st
h h h h h h h h h h
orm or thyrotoxicosis: Prevent formation of thyroid hormone in the thyroid cells
h h h h h h h h h h h
39. Thioamides adverse effects: Drowsiness/lethargy h h h
Bradycardia
Nausea/vomiting
Can lower WBC h h
3h/h42
, Exam #4 (NSG-123) h h
. h
Hypothyroidism
Take these at the same time every day, usually AM. Monitor weight 2-
h h h h h h h h h h h h
3 times per week
h h h
40. pre op goal for Surgical thyroidectomy: get it as close to baseline as you can p
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
re op. h
41. Post op goal for Surgical thyroidectomy: Airway management-
h h h h h h h
Respiratory distress
h h
HOB elevated- avoid flexion of neck, support with pillows
h h h h h h h h
Hemorrhage
Assess for laryngeal damage h h h
Hypocalcemia-tetany (calcium supplements) h h
42. what are the two signs hypothyroidism: Chvostek SIgn
h h h h h h h
Trousseau Sign h
43. Chvostek sign: Cheek twitching h h h
44. Trousseau Sign: carpal spasms are induced by inflating sphygmomanometer c h h h h h h h h h
uff on the upper arm to a pressure exceeding systolic blood pressure for three min
h h h h h h h h h h h h h h
utes
45 Hypothyroidism is: A condition with inadequate number of circulating hormones
h h h h h h h h h h h
T3 and T4 causing a decrease in metabolic rate which affects all body systems
h h h h h h h h h h h h h
46. Hypothyroidism is caused by: -Autoimmune disease (Hashimotos disease) h h h h h h h
-Thyroid surgery/Radioactive iodine therapy h h h
-Treatment of hyperthyroidism h h
47. people at highest risk for hypothyroidism: Women h h h h h h
Age 30-60 h
Inadequate intake of iodine h h h
48. Clinical Manifestations for hypothyroidism: Bradycardia, bradypnea Drowsin
h h h h h h
ess/lethargy
Increased sleep, fatigue h h
Weight gain, anorexia h h
Cold intolerance, hypothermiah h
Constipation, menorrhagia h
Thinning hair, dry skin h h h
Goiter
4h/h42
