COMPLETE AND ELABORATED TEST BANK FOR APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY FOR THE DENTAL HYGIENIST 9TH EDITION Elena Bablenis Haveles

TABLE OF CONTENTS Part I: General Principles 1. Information, Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing 2. Drug Action and Handling 3. Adverse Reactions Part II: Drugs Used in Dentistry 4. Autonomic Drugs 5. Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic) Analgesics 6. Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists 7. Antiinfective Agents 8. Antifungal and Antiviral Agents 9. Antianxiety Agents 10. Local Anesthetics 11. General Anesthetics Part III: Drugs That May Alter Dental Treatment 12. Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases 13. Drugs for the Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders 14. Drugs for the Treatment of Seizure Disorders 15. Drugs for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Disorders 16. Adrenocorticosteroids 17. Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Disorders and Allergic Rhinitis 18. Drugs for the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus 19. Drugs for the Treatment of Other Endocrine Disorders 20. Antineoplastic Drugs Part IV: Special Situations 21. Emergency Drugs 22. Pregnancy and Breast Feeding 23. Substance Use Disorders 24. Natural/Herbal Products and Dietary Supplements 25. Oral Conditions and Their Treatment 26. Hygiene-Related Oral Disorders Chapter 01: Information Sources, Regulatory Agencies, Drug Legislation, and Prescription Writing Haveles: Applied Pharmacology for the Dental Hygienist, 10th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Knowledge of pharmacology aids the dental professional in: a. obtaining a patient’s health history. b. administering drugs in the office. c. handling emergency situations. d. lifelong learning. e. all of the above. ANS: E Correct: All of the choices are true. Incorrect choices: Because many of our patients are being treated with drugs, knowledge of pharmacology helps in understanding and interpreting patients’ responses to health history questions. Knowledge of the therapeutic and adverse effects of medications obviously helps in their proper administration in the office. Emergency situations may be caused by drugs or treated by drugs; thus, knowledge of pharmacology is of great help, especially because a rapid response is sometimes required. A clear understanding of the concepts of drug action, drug handling by the body, and drug interactions will allow the dental practitioner to make proper judgments and grasp the concepts relevant to new drug therapies on the market. REF: Role of the Dental Hygienist | pp. 3-4 OBJ: 1 2. Which of the following statements is true regarding planning appointments? a. Whether or not patients are taking medication for systemic diseases is of little consequence in the dental office. b. Asthmatic patients should have dental appointments in the morning. c. Diabetic patients usually have fewer problems with a morning appointment compared with afternoon appointments. d. Both b and c are true. ANS: C Correct: Diabetic patients usually have relatively fewer problems with a morning appointment. Incorrect choices: Asthmatic patients should have afternoon appointments. Patients taking medication for systemic diseases may require special handling in the dental office. REF: Role of the Dental Hygienist (Appointment Scheduling) | p. 3 OBJ: 1 3. Nutritional or herbal supplements: a. carry the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for disease states. b. are not drugs. c. can cause adverse effects. d. will not interact with other drugs the patient may be taking. ANS: C Correct: Nutritional or herbal supplements are quite capable of causing adverse effects. Incorrect choices: The majority of nutritional or herbal supplements do not carry FDA approval for treating disease states. These supplements are drugs and can cause adverse effects and interact with different drugs. REF: Role of the Dental Hygienist (Nutritional or Herbal Supplements) | pp. 3-4 OBJ: 1 4. Which type of drug name usually begins with a lowercase letter? a. Brand name b. Code name c. Generic name d. Trade name ANS: C Correct: Before any drug is marketed, it is given a generic name that becomes the “official” name of the drug. Each drug is assigned only one generic name selected by the U.S. Adopted Name Council, and the name is not capitalized. Incorrect choices: The brand name is equivalent to the trade name and is capitalized. Although the brand name is technically the name of the company marketing the product, this term is often used interchangeably with the trade name. The code name is the initial term used within a pharmaceutical company to refer to a drug while it is undergoing investigation and is often a combination of capital letters and numbers, the letters representing an abbreviation of the company name. REF: Drug Names | p. 5 OBJ: 3 5. A drug’s generic name is selected by the: a. pharmaceutical company manufacturing it. b. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). c. U.S. Adopted Name Council. d. Federal Patent Office. ANS: C Correct: Each drug is assigned only one generic name (e.g., ibuprofen). It is selected by the United States Adopted Name Council. Incorrect choices: The generic name is not selected by the FDA or the Federal Patent Office. The pharmaceutical company manufacturing the drug clearly has an influence on the generic name given its drug, but the final decision is not the company’s. REF: Drug Names | p. 5 OBJ: 4 6. Which of the following is true concerning generic and trade names of drugs? a. A drug may only have one generic name and one trade name. b. A drug may only have one generic name, but it may have several trade names. c. A drug may have several generic names, but it may only have one trade name. d. A drug may have several generic names and several trade names. ANS: B Correct: Each drug has only one generic name but may have several trade names. Incorrect choices: For each drug, there is only one generic name. It is not capitalized, and it becomes the “official” name of the drug. The pharmaceutical company discovering the drug gives the drug a trade name. The trade name is protected by the Federal Patent Law for 20 years from the earliest claimed filing date, plus patent term extensions. Although the brand name is technically the name of the company marketing the product, it is often used interchangeably with the trade name. REF: Drug Names | p. 4 OBJ: 3 7. Which of the following is the most common reference book in the dental office? a. United States Pharmacopeia-Drug Information (USP DI) b. Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) c. Mosby’s Dental Drug Reference d. Lexi-Comp’s Drug Information Handbook for Dentistry ANS: B Correct: The PDR is the most common reference book in the dental office because of its historically inexpensive price. Information provided comes directly from the manufacturer’s package insert. Incorrect choices: The USP DI provides the health professional with necessary information regarding basic pharmacology and pharmacokinetics, dosing, adverse reactions, and drug interactions. Mosby’s Dental Drug Reference provides access to information on drugs commonly taken by patients. Lexi-Comp’s Drug Information Handbook for Dentistry contains concise lists of drug attributes and sections relevant to dentistry for each drug. REF: Box 1-2: Pharmacologic References and Resources Recommended for the Dental Office | p. 4 OBJ: 2 8. How many years must pass after a drug patent expires before other drug companies can market the same compound as a generic drug? a. 20 years b. 17 years c. 7 years d. 0 years ANS: D Correct: Once a drug patent expires, co