KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
1. Respiratory
• Function: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
sys- tem
environment and cells of the body.
function
... or breathing.
The process by which oxygen is obtained from the environment and
2. What are the delivered to
4
phases of respira- the cells.
tion?
4 phases of respiration:
• Pulmonary ventilation:
• Exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli (air sacs)
• External gas exchange:
• Occurs in the lungs. Oxygen dittuses into the blood and Carbon
dioxide dittuses out
• Gas transport in the blood:
• Circulating blood carries gases from the lungs and the tissues
• Internal gas exchange:
• Occurs in the tissues. Oxygen dittuses from the blood to the
cells and Carbon dioxide travels from the cells to the blood
3. Know the Spirometry - breathing test to check how well your lungs are working
defini- tion of • Measures:
spirome- try • How much air you move in and out of your lungs
and its pur- • How fast you can blow air into and out of your lungs
pose • Used to diagnose
,KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
• Used to measure a
disease improving or
becoming worse
• Used before surgery
or occupational exposure
to ensure proper lung
function
,KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
4. Emphysema CAUSE: •Main cause is the long-term exposure to:
• Tobacco smoke
• Marijuana smoke
• Air pollution
• Chemical fumes
SYMPTOMS:•Main symptom: shortness of breath (gradual)
• Shortness of breath is eventually caused at rest
• Many ignore the shortness of breath until it gets to this point
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT:•Medications
• Bronchodilators - relax constricted airways
• Inhaled steroids - reduce inflammation, relieve shortness of breath
• Therapy
• Pulmonary Rehab - Teach breathing exercises to reduce breathlessness
• Supplemental Oxygen - Use 24/7, or just at home
• Surgery
• Lung transplant - severe cases, other options failed
• Lung volume reduction surgery - small wedges of lung tissue
removed, healthy tissue can expand and works more eflciently
5. Bronchitis CAUSE:•Acute: normally caused by a
virus
• Chronic: smoking cigarettes, air pollution
Risk Factors:
- Cigarette smoking, low resistance to illness, exposure to irritants, gastric
reflux SYMPTOMS: •
Cough
• Production of mucus
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
, KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
• Chest discomfort
answered already passed
1. Respiratory
• Function: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the
sys- tem
environment and cells of the body.
function
... or breathing.
The process by which oxygen is obtained from the environment and
2. What are the delivered to
4
phases of respira- the cells.
tion?
4 phases of respiration:
• Pulmonary ventilation:
• Exchange of air between the atmosphere and the alveoli (air sacs)
• External gas exchange:
• Occurs in the lungs. Oxygen dittuses into the blood and Carbon
dioxide dittuses out
• Gas transport in the blood:
• Circulating blood carries gases from the lungs and the tissues
• Internal gas exchange:
• Occurs in the tissues. Oxygen dittuses from the blood to the
cells and Carbon dioxide travels from the cells to the blood
3. Know the Spirometry - breathing test to check how well your lungs are working
defini- tion of • Measures:
spirome- try • How much air you move in and out of your lungs
and its pur- • How fast you can blow air into and out of your lungs
pose • Used to diagnose
,KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
• Used to measure a
disease improving or
becoming worse
• Used before surgery
or occupational exposure
to ensure proper lung
function
,KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
4. Emphysema CAUSE: •Main cause is the long-term exposure to:
• Tobacco smoke
• Marijuana smoke
• Air pollution
• Chemical fumes
SYMPTOMS:•Main symptom: shortness of breath (gradual)
• Shortness of breath is eventually caused at rest
• Many ignore the shortness of breath until it gets to this point
PREVENTION AND TREATMENT:•Medications
• Bronchodilators - relax constricted airways
• Inhaled steroids - reduce inflammation, relieve shortness of breath
• Therapy
• Pulmonary Rehab - Teach breathing exercises to reduce breathlessness
• Supplemental Oxygen - Use 24/7, or just at home
• Surgery
• Lung transplant - severe cases, other options failed
• Lung volume reduction surgery - small wedges of lung tissue
removed, healthy tissue can expand and works more eflciently
5. Bronchitis CAUSE:•Acute: normally caused by a
virus
• Chronic: smoking cigarettes, air pollution
Risk Factors:
- Cigarette smoking, low resistance to illness, exposure to irritants, gastric
reflux SYMPTOMS: •
Cough
• Production of mucus
• Fatigue
• Shortness of breath
, KNHS 3312 EXAM 2 Study Guide questions well
answered already passed
• Chest discomfort
