Test Bank for Aging and Society A Canadian Perspectives 7th Edition by Novak

CHAPTER 5: PERSONAL HEALTH AND ILLNESS MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. How do gerontologists define the maximum number of years that a member of a species can live? a. the maximum life span of the species b. the life expectancy of the species c. the intrinsic age of the species d. the senescence of the species ANS: A REF: 90 BLM: HO 2. What is the term for the number of years at birth that an average member of society can expect to live? a. aging parameters b. life span c. specific age configuration d. life expectancy ANS: D REF: 90 BLM: REM 3. Scientists believe that the human life span has remained the same for the past 100,000 years. What is this span of time in years? a. 75 to 95 years b. 95 to 110 years c. 110 to 125 years d. 125 to 140 years ANS: C REF: 90 BLM: REM 4. What has happened to the human life expectancy in the past 2,000 years? a. It has remained the same. b. It has increased. c. It has decreased. d. It has fluctuated widely. ANS: B REF: 90 BLM: HO 5. Advances in technology and biomedical research have extended life expectancy. Which of the following summarizes what this suggests about the future for humans? a. The human life span will rise as more people live past the current maximum human life span. b. The physical signs of old age will change. c. Progress will need to be made in extending life span to enable further improvements in life expectancy. d. More people will live closer to the maximum human life span, and more people will live longer in old age than ever before. ANS: D REF: 90 BLM: HO 6. What are the two primary goals of the study of biological aging? a. to slow senescence, and to cure the diseases of old age b. to understand changes in the body that come with age and to apply this knowledge c. to identify the environmental causes of super longevity, and to develop models for increasing the maximum human life span d. to develop a comprehensive theory of aging and to lobby for more government funding for aging research ANS: B REF: 90 BLM: REM 7. According to Statistics Canada, by how many years will a girl born in 2008 outlive her male peers? a 2 years b. 3 years c. 4 years d. 5 years ANS: D REF: 90 BLM: REM 8. According to Alway, Morissette, and Siu (2011), what process plays a part in sarcopenia in later life? a. pleiotropic genes b. the Hayflick genes c. apoptosis d. senescence ANS: C REF: 92 BLM: REM 9. Which of the following terms describes the process by which cells are controlled and thus produce normal human development? a. apoptosis b. sarcopenia c. the phase III phenomenon d. the Hayflick limit ANS: A REF: 92 BLM: REM 10. Jolene is 55 years old. Her pituitary gland has stopped producing hormones to stimulate her ovaries. What is the name for this process that occurs in aging women? a. the female change b. peripause c. menopause d. menstruation ANS: C REF: 92 BLM: HO 11. Which of the following scenarios can occur in the body as a result of cross-linking? a. poor eyesight b. decreased lung capacity c. problems with digestive function d. stiffened connective tissue ANS: D REF: 93 BLM: HO 12. Louisa finds that she has difficulty in walking and her doctor recently informed her that she has some “hardening” of the arteries and loss of kidney function. He said that pollutants like smoke and lead have caused this degeneration of her body over time. What is the name for the process of proteins binding together to cause this damage to Louisa’s body? a. atrophy b. cross-linking c. somatic mutation d. sarcopenia ANS: B REF: 93 BLM: HO 13. Which of the following is made from oxygen production, and can damage the body’s cells and cellular components? a. antioxidants b. lipofuscin c. free radicals d. macrophages ANS: C REF: 93 BLM: REM 14. Lewis has developed brown liver spots on his hands and face. His wife tells him they are “age spots.” What is the name of the fatty molecules in the skin that are responsible for causing these spots? a. lipofuscin b. T-cells c. macrophages d. free radicals ANS: A REF: 93-94 BLM: HO 15. Cora’s doctor advised her to consume more foods such as broccoli, green tea, and cauliflower. He told her that the chemicals in these foods hope to bind and neutralize free radicals. What is the name for these chemicals? a. carotenoids b. coenzymes c. polyphenols d. antioxidants ANS: D REF: 94 BLM: HO 16. According to Morton, Schafer, and Ferraro (2011), physical abuse during childhood can lead to which of the following chronic diseases later in life? a. dementia b. heart disease c. diabetes d. cancer ANS: D REF: 94-95 BLM: REM 17. Lovell, Cuneo, and Gass (2010) report that after one reaches the age of 70 years, one loses one’s muscle strength by what annual percentage? a. 3% b. 5% c. 7% d. 9% ANS: A REF: 96 BLM: REM 18. According to Osteoporosis Canada (2011), what is the annual cost to the healthcare system as a result of osteoporosis? a. $1 billion b. $1.5 billion c. $1.9 billion d. $2.3 billion ANS: C REF: 96 BLM: REM 19. Margaret is 83 years old. All of her life she loved to cook for her fa