NEWEST CCRN EXAM CRAM ACTUAL EXAM LATEST 2025 WITH COMPLETE REAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (100% CORRECT VERIFIED SOLUTIONS) A NEW UPDATED VERSION

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CCRN Exam Notesd d




Whichd ofd thed followingd doesd notd predisposed thed patientd tod digitalisd toxicity?d Hyponatremia
.
Rememberdthatdpotassium,dcalcium,danddmagnesiumdaffectdcardiacdcontractility,
Whichdsingledleaddisdthedmostdvaluabledfordtheddiagnosisdofdventriculardtachycardia?dV1


Cardio

Sites of MIs
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d Inferior MI - d d


Right Coronary (RC), associated with papillarymuscle ruputu
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re
Indicative Changes: II, III, d d d d


aVFReciprocal Changes: I, d d d


AVL d




Anterior MI - d d

Left Anterior Descending (LAD), associated with
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ventricular septal ruputure (holosystic murmur)
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Indicative Changes: V2, V3, V4Reci d d d d d


procal Changes: II, III, AVF d d d d




Septal Wall - d d


Left Anterior Descending (LAD)Ind
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icative Changes: V1 , sometimes V2 d d d d d


Reciprocal Changes: V5, V6
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Lateral MI - d d


Circumflex Artery Indicative
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Changes: I, AVL, V5, V6Recipr d d d d d


ocal Changes: II, III, AVF d d d d




Posterior Wall MI - d d d


Right coronary, if dominantIndicative
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Changes: V7, V8, V9 d d d


Reciprocal Changes: V1, V2, V3 d d d d


**Remember posterior Wall MI has leads that are high numbers, post mean
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s after soassociate these two
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• murmur is loudest at the apex, and the clinical presentation is related to acute
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, 2


pulmonary edema.
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Cardiac Values
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Swanz gaz – measures pressure , cardiac output , and oxygen
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PAOP 6-12mmHg (left atrial pressures = left ventricular end-
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diastolic pressure)(aka left ventricular preload) PAWP (pulmonary artery wedge pre
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ssure) 4-12mmHG (in the pulmonaryartery), inflate for 3-
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5 seconds and will have direct measurement of from back pressure.
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PAOP or PAWP <4 = hypovolemic p
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atientPAOP or PAWP >4 = hypervole
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mic patient d




The PAd is normally 2 to 5 mm Hg higher than the PAOP. PAd may be more than 5
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mm Hg higher than the PAOP in patients with pulmonary hypertension. If the PAO
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P is higher than the PAd, suspect that there is an occlusion in the catheter or that
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the catheter is not in the correctarea of the pulmonary vasculature. The RAP is no
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rmally lower than the PAOP. d d d d




RAP/CVP 2-6mmHg or 1-8( right atrium pressure) d d d d d d




Optimal in Critical Care Can be up to 10mmHgd d d d d d d d




PAP (pulmonary artery pressure) –
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could be systolic and diastolicPAP systolic – 15-26 mmhG
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PAD diastolic 5-15 mmHG
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CardiacdtamponadedwoulddcausedandincreasedindRAP,dPAP,danddPAOP.

SV02 –mixed venous saturation of oxygen.normal 60-
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80%dItdisdbasicallydthedpercentagedofdoxygendremainingdindthedvenousdblooddreturningdtodthedrigh
tdsidedofdthedheart.dThisdisdthedoxygendleftdoverdindthedblooddafterdsupplyingdalldthedpartsdofdthedbo
dydexceptdthedhead.

Systolic – squeeze d d




Diastolic – relaxation and filing d d d d




CO 4-8 L/mind d




CI 2.5-4.3 L/min/m²
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Stroke Volume 60- d d

, 4



100 mL/beat Stroke Volume I
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ndex 35- d




60mL/m²Stroke Volume Vari
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ation 10-15%
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SVmax-SVmin/SVmean x 100 d d




LV Stroke Work Index 50-62gm-m/m²/beat
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