MNB QUIZ 2 LATEST VERSION 2025 WITH CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Hormones of physiologic birth - CORRECT ANSWER--oxytocin
-beta-endorphins
-epinephrine/norepinephrine
-cortisol
-prostaglandins
-all to produce a state of eustress!
-anxiety and fear interrupt this process by increasing catecholamines,
disrupting the oxytocin pathway (decreasing uterine contractions) and
constricting blood vessels (decreasing uterine blood flow, placental perfusion,
and fetal oxygenation)
Screening for IPV - CORRECT ANSWER--screen every patient at every visit
with the patient alone
-the incidence of IPV increases during pregnancy and is correlated to increased
negative health outcomes for the pregnant person and the fetus
,-generally dilation and curettage
-less bleeding or cramping following the procedure
-carries the risks of any surgical procedure
Ectopic pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER--implantation outside of the uterus
-symptoms include: + pregnancy test/amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, and lower
abdominal pain
-diagnosis is performed with transvaginal ultrasound and beta hCG (plateaus to
1500-2000)
-can be VERY dangerous if not diagnosed, rupture can lead to infertility and
maternal death
-managed with methotrexate (cannot take folic acid and should avoid sun
exposure during use) or surgical management
Hydatiform mole (molar pregnancy) - CORRECT ANSWER--symptoms: dark
prune juice or red bleeding, fluid-filled vesicles, hyperemesis
-diagnosed with high hCG (>100000) with no visible fetal tissue or amniotic
fluid; appears as grape-like clusters
-treated with surgical evacuation; advise to avoid pregnancy for a year after
HCG <5 (follow HCG q month)
-can lead to choriocarcinoma
-can be complete (no fetal tissue, nucleus of egg was empty) or partial (fetal
tissue present, occurs when 2 sperm fertilize a normal ovum)
-previous HM becomes risk factor for future HM
Premature dilation of the cervix (incompetent cervix) - CORRECT ANSWER--
*painless* cervical change: cervical length <20mm or funneling of the
membranes in the endocervical canal
, -possible causes/risk factors: hx of cervical surgery (LEEP/Cone), D&C, short
cervix, exposure to DES, uterine anomaly, multiple pregnancy
-diagnosis: visual and digital cervical exam and/or TVUS
-treatment: progesterone injections (if hx of preterm birth) or vaginal
suppositories, bed rest, cerclage
Prophylactic cerclage for cervical incompetency - CORRECT ANSWER--
McDonald technique
-placed at 11 to 15 weeks of gestation
-uses sutures to close cervix
-risks include infection, cervical trauma, preterm birth (also a risk of not
performing cerclage), premature rupture of membranes
-can have an abdominal cerclage @ 11-13 weeks, but significantly less common
(C/S required)
Cervical polyp - CORRECT ANSWER-benign growth on the cervix or in the
cervical canal that tends to bleed when touched
Cervicitis - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation of the cervix, usually due to
infection, sometimes asymptomatic
Subchorionic hemorrhage/hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER--collection of
blood between the uterine lining and the chorion
Vanishing twin - CORRECT ANSWER--If two fetuses are seen in the first
trimester and one later dies.
-The sac will disappear or metabolize.
QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
Hormones of physiologic birth - CORRECT ANSWER--oxytocin
-beta-endorphins
-epinephrine/norepinephrine
-cortisol
-prostaglandins
-all to produce a state of eustress!
-anxiety and fear interrupt this process by increasing catecholamines,
disrupting the oxytocin pathway (decreasing uterine contractions) and
constricting blood vessels (decreasing uterine blood flow, placental perfusion,
and fetal oxygenation)
Screening for IPV - CORRECT ANSWER--screen every patient at every visit
with the patient alone
-the incidence of IPV increases during pregnancy and is correlated to increased
negative health outcomes for the pregnant person and the fetus
,-generally dilation and curettage
-less bleeding or cramping following the procedure
-carries the risks of any surgical procedure
Ectopic pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWER--implantation outside of the uterus
-symptoms include: + pregnancy test/amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, and lower
abdominal pain
-diagnosis is performed with transvaginal ultrasound and beta hCG (plateaus to
1500-2000)
-can be VERY dangerous if not diagnosed, rupture can lead to infertility and
maternal death
-managed with methotrexate (cannot take folic acid and should avoid sun
exposure during use) or surgical management
Hydatiform mole (molar pregnancy) - CORRECT ANSWER--symptoms: dark
prune juice or red bleeding, fluid-filled vesicles, hyperemesis
-diagnosed with high hCG (>100000) with no visible fetal tissue or amniotic
fluid; appears as grape-like clusters
-treated with surgical evacuation; advise to avoid pregnancy for a year after
HCG <5 (follow HCG q month)
-can lead to choriocarcinoma
-can be complete (no fetal tissue, nucleus of egg was empty) or partial (fetal
tissue present, occurs when 2 sperm fertilize a normal ovum)
-previous HM becomes risk factor for future HM
Premature dilation of the cervix (incompetent cervix) - CORRECT ANSWER--
*painless* cervical change: cervical length <20mm or funneling of the
membranes in the endocervical canal
, -possible causes/risk factors: hx of cervical surgery (LEEP/Cone), D&C, short
cervix, exposure to DES, uterine anomaly, multiple pregnancy
-diagnosis: visual and digital cervical exam and/or TVUS
-treatment: progesterone injections (if hx of preterm birth) or vaginal
suppositories, bed rest, cerclage
Prophylactic cerclage for cervical incompetency - CORRECT ANSWER--
McDonald technique
-placed at 11 to 15 weeks of gestation
-uses sutures to close cervix
-risks include infection, cervical trauma, preterm birth (also a risk of not
performing cerclage), premature rupture of membranes
-can have an abdominal cerclage @ 11-13 weeks, but significantly less common
(C/S required)
Cervical polyp - CORRECT ANSWER-benign growth on the cervix or in the
cervical canal that tends to bleed when touched
Cervicitis - CORRECT ANSWER-inflammation of the cervix, usually due to
infection, sometimes asymptomatic
Subchorionic hemorrhage/hematoma - CORRECT ANSWER--collection of
blood between the uterine lining and the chorion
Vanishing twin - CORRECT ANSWER--If two fetuses are seen in the first
trimester and one later dies.
-The sac will disappear or metabolize.
