Transmissible cancers and
Nanomedicines Exam 2025
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
What two species do transmissible cancers effect? - ✔✔Dogs and Tasmanian devils.
What is a transmissible cancer? - ✔✔cancers that are passed between species by the
transfer of living cells.
Transmissible cancers vs normal cancers - ✔✔in transmissible cancers cells get
transferred, and the cancers can liv elonger than the patients themselves. In normal
cancers, cells are from human tissue, and are caused by mutations.
What is devil face tumour disease? - ✔✔a type of transmissible cancers that effects
Tasmanian devils. It has two genetically and geographically distinct subtypes. DFTD 1
and 2.
What does the disease DFTD look like? - ✔✔Tramsitted via biting, as TD are aggressive
species, causing large undifferentiated tumours of the face of tasmian devils. Disease is
typically fatal in months and has caused 97% decrease in populations of TD. Behaves as
an asexual parasite or pathogen.
How can DFTD be treated? - ✔✔allograft or allotransplant of cells from an individual of
the same species.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, What is CTVT? - ✔✔Tumor in the genitals of dogs, described as looking like cauliflower
that has been around for 100s of years.
What does a CTVT tumoru look like? - ✔✔described as looking like cauliflower. Bright
red, ulcerated, necrotic.
How can tehse tumours be treated? - ✔✔2-3 doses of drugs, if owners get pets treated
quickly, is usually successfully cured. Rarely metastisise and rarely fatal.
What are the phases in CTVT? - ✔✔initial growth phase, then stable phase, them
regression.
How is CTVT spread? - ✔✔biting or mating. Cancers behave as a parasite like in DFTD.
How do transmissible cancers evade immune system? - ✔✔Both examples down
regulate MHC function and become invisible to host T cells. CTVT don't express MHC
molecules during growth period. DFT downregulate genes that allow antigen
presentation. Both examples are able to express MHV )haven't lost the genes)
What are the host characteristics of Transmissible cancers hosts? - ✔✔no evidence of
compromised immune system, DLA genotype influences growth of tumour (dog equiv
of HLA), devils underwent recent population bottlenecks (populations were massively
reduced), this reduced genetic diversity, meaning that foreign cells are less foreign.
How do cancer cells evade immune detection? - ✔✔
How can regression spontaneously occur? - ✔✔
What is the name of the drug to treat CTVT in dogs? - ✔✔Vincristine.
What are MHC cells? - ✔✔antigen presenting cells, allowing immune systems
torecognise foreign and nonself cells. Has 3 alpha domains, which interact with a beta
domain. Alpha 3 interacts with Cd8 cells and CTL cells to trigger an immune response.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Nanomedicines Exam 2025
Questions and Answers 100% Pass
What two species do transmissible cancers effect? - ✔✔Dogs and Tasmanian devils.
What is a transmissible cancer? - ✔✔cancers that are passed between species by the
transfer of living cells.
Transmissible cancers vs normal cancers - ✔✔in transmissible cancers cells get
transferred, and the cancers can liv elonger than the patients themselves. In normal
cancers, cells are from human tissue, and are caused by mutations.
What is devil face tumour disease? - ✔✔a type of transmissible cancers that effects
Tasmanian devils. It has two genetically and geographically distinct subtypes. DFTD 1
and 2.
What does the disease DFTD look like? - ✔✔Tramsitted via biting, as TD are aggressive
species, causing large undifferentiated tumours of the face of tasmian devils. Disease is
typically fatal in months and has caused 97% decrease in populations of TD. Behaves as
an asexual parasite or pathogen.
How can DFTD be treated? - ✔✔allograft or allotransplant of cells from an individual of
the same species.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, What is CTVT? - ✔✔Tumor in the genitals of dogs, described as looking like cauliflower
that has been around for 100s of years.
What does a CTVT tumoru look like? - ✔✔described as looking like cauliflower. Bright
red, ulcerated, necrotic.
How can tehse tumours be treated? - ✔✔2-3 doses of drugs, if owners get pets treated
quickly, is usually successfully cured. Rarely metastisise and rarely fatal.
What are the phases in CTVT? - ✔✔initial growth phase, then stable phase, them
regression.
How is CTVT spread? - ✔✔biting or mating. Cancers behave as a parasite like in DFTD.
How do transmissible cancers evade immune system? - ✔✔Both examples down
regulate MHC function and become invisible to host T cells. CTVT don't express MHC
molecules during growth period. DFT downregulate genes that allow antigen
presentation. Both examples are able to express MHV )haven't lost the genes)
What are the host characteristics of Transmissible cancers hosts? - ✔✔no evidence of
compromised immune system, DLA genotype influences growth of tumour (dog equiv
of HLA), devils underwent recent population bottlenecks (populations were massively
reduced), this reduced genetic diversity, meaning that foreign cells are less foreign.
How do cancer cells evade immune detection? - ✔✔
How can regression spontaneously occur? - ✔✔
What is the name of the drug to treat CTVT in dogs? - ✔✔Vincristine.
What are MHC cells? - ✔✔antigen presenting cells, allowing immune systems
torecognise foreign and nonself cells. Has 3 alpha domains, which interact with a beta
domain. Alpha 3 interacts with Cd8 cells and CTL cells to trigger an immune response.
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
