NR 325 EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANS.pdf

NR 325 exam 1
n n n




- Encouragenoralnfluidnintakenof nsugarnfreenfluidsntonpreventndehydration
- administerninsulin
- restrictnexercisenwhennglucosenlevelsngreaternthann250nMG/DL
- testnurinenfornkey ntones/reportnif noutsidenexpectednrange
- consultnprovidernif nmanifestationsnprogress
- encouragenclientntonwearnmedicalnID
-oralnhypoglycemicsn-nANS-Hyperglycemianmanagement

-Muscularnweaknessnandnfatigue
-Dark npigmentationnof nskin
-hypoglycemic
-posturalnhypotension
-hyponatremia,n*hyperkalemia
-GIndisturbancesnandnanorexian-nANS-addison'sndiseasens/s

-T3nandnT4nlevel
-TSHnlevel
-Serum ncalcium n(elevated)
-Serum nphosphorusn(low)
-RAIn(radioactiveniodine)nuptakentestn-nANS-hyperthyroidism ndiagnostic ntests

-Target:nkidneys
-
Effect:nstimulatesnreabsorptionnof nsodium ninnthenkidneys;nincreasesnbloodnpressurenandnbloodnvolu
men-nANS-Mineralcorticoidsn(aldosterone)

"salt-
retainingnhormone"nwhichnpromotesnthenretentionnof nNa+nby nthenkidneys.nna+nretentionnpromotesn
waternretention,nwhichnpromotesnanhighernbloodnvolumenandnpressuren-
ANS-Aldosterone

<100nmg/dLn-nANS-normalnFPG

<140nmg/dLn-nANS-OGTTnnormal

<270nmOsm/Ln-nANS-Serum nosmolality ninnSIADH

<5.7%n-nANS-hemoglobinnAlc nnormal

<70nmg/dLn-nANS-hypoglycemia

>126nmg/dLn-nANS-DiabetesnFPG

, >140nmg/dLn-nANS-hyperglycemia

>200nmg/dLn-nANS-OGTTndiabetes

>6.5%n-nANS-hemoglobinnAlc ndiabetes

0.5-3nhoursn-nANS-

rapidnactingninsulinnpeak n0.6-1.2n-nANS-

Creatinine

1-4nhoursn-nANS-longnactingninsulinnonset

1. diet
- protein,nfats,ncarbs,nfiver,nsweeteners,nfatnrenplacers,
- DM ndiet:neatninnmoderationnexceptnproteinnreducedninnrenalnpatients
- platenmethod:n50%nveggie,n25%nstarch,n25%nproteinn(9ninchnplate)
2. meds
- differentnmednregimennforndifferentnneeds
- only nregularninnIV
- bolus:nrapidn(0-15..mustnhavenlunchnnearby)
- basal:nintermediate,nlongn(lantus)n--->nconcernnaboutnwhennitnisngoingntondrop
- combo
- diureticsnalterneffectnof ninsulinnbc nof nKnlossn
EDU:noncenopen,ninsulinngoodnfornonenweek

3. exercisen-ngoaln=ncontrolnglucosen+nrebuildnreceptorsn=nreducenlevelnof ninsulinnneeded
- ideally nexercisen1nhrnafternmeals
- alwaysncarry nketonenstripsnandnglucosentablets,nwearnIDnbracelet
- frequency n=n3nx nweek
- intensity n-n60-80%nof nmax nHR
- timen=n20-30nminnaerobicsnw/5-10nminnwarm-up
- monitornsugarnlevelsnwhennexercising
- startnwithnsmallnsnack,nrecheck nsugarn15-20nminnlater ----- sugarn>n100nisnOKntonexercisn-
ANS-trianglenof ndiabetesnmanagement

1. Hypoparathyroidism
2. Radicalnneck
3. Thyroidectomy n(Alln=nNotnenoughnPTH!)n-nANS-Hypocalcemiancauses

1. injectnlong-lastingninsulinnw/nair
2. injectnregularninsulinnw/nair
3. drawnupnregularninsulin
4. drawnupnlong-lastingninsulinn-nANS-mixingninsulin