ANSWERS 100% PASS
1775 - ✔✔Marine Corps was created November 10, 1775 at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia
Pennsylvania by resolution of Continental Congress.
Two Battalions were raised and led by Captain Samuel Nicholas who was considered
the 1st Commandant of the Marine Corps.
In 1834, Marines came under the Department of the Navy.
The National act of 1947 states it's current structure and was amended in 1952.
1776 - ✔✔*1st Marine Landing* took place during the *Revolutionary War* in the
*Bahamas at New Providence Island* where Marines seized guns and supplies.
The uniform of the day was a leather stock around the neck. Got nickname
*Leatherneck*.
1805 - ✔✔Marines stormed the Barbary pirates' stronghold at Burma on the "Shores of
Tripoli." Marines raised the "Stars and Stripes" for the first time in the Eastern
Hemisphere.
1847 - ✔✔During the *Mexican War*, Marines occupied the *"Halls of Montezuma"*
during the Battle of *Chapultepec* in Mexico City. The royal palace fell to invading
Marines, who were among the first United States troops to enter the capital. Marines
also helped *take California*.
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,1859 - ✔✔Army Colonel Robert E. Lee stormed an arsenal at Harper's Ferry to stop a
slave revolt led by abolitionist John Brown.
1868 - ✔✔7th Commandant of the Marine Corps Brigadier General Jacob Zeilin created
the Eagle Globe Anchor by modifying the British Marine Emblem.
Eagle - Nation
Globe - Worldwide Service
Anchor - Sea Traditions
1883 - ✔✔Semper Fidelis (always faithful) became the Marine Corp motto.
1900 - ✔✔Marines defended the American Legation in Peking, China during the Boxer
Rebellion. The Marines were part of a multi-national defense force that held out against
the Boxers until a relief force ended the rebellion.
1913 - ✔✔The Marine Corps established its aviation unit. Major Alfred A. Cunningham
was the first pilot.
1917 - ✔✔Marines participated in 8 distinct operations in France, allowing the 5th and
6th Marines to wear the French Fourragere.
1933 - ✔✔The Marine Corps was reorganized into the Fleet Marine Force, formally
establishing command and administrative relations between the Fleet and the Marine
Corps.
Marine Corps Equipment Board was established in Quantico, Virginia.
1965 - ✔✔Marines landed in South Vietnam, which committed the Marine Corps to the
longest war in its history.
Marines conducted a pacification program designed to win the support of the local
populace.
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,Marines landed in the Dominican Republic to evacuate and protect U.S. citizens from a
Coup. The Marines formed the core of a multinational force that quickly restored the
peace.
1982 - ✔✔Marines deployed to *Lebanon* as part of a multinational force to *restore
peace and order* to the *war-torn country*. This displayed the Marine concept of a
"Force in Readiness."
On 23 October 1983, a suicide truck bomb attack on the headquarters building *killed
241 Americans* and *wounded 70 others*. The last Marine unit withdrew in July of
1984.
1991 - ✔✔*Operation Desert Storm*
Iraqi government refused to comply with United Nations resolutions. Marine aviation
was heavily used when the air phase commenced in *January of 1991*. When *massive
bombing* failed to dislodge Iraqi forces, Marine ground forces swept into *Kuwait* and
*liberated* the country, causing severe damage to the Iraqi military capability.
2001 - ✔✔*Operation Enduring Freedom* (official name for war in Afghanistan)
Under umbrella of Global War on Terrorism (GWOT)
October 7 of 2001,
B-1 Lance,B-2 Spirit, B-52 Stratofortress
F-14 Tomcat and F/A-18 Hornet fighters
Tomahawk Missiles from US and British ships signaled start of Operation Enduring
Freedom
2003 - ✔✔2003 Invasion of Iraq (March 20 to May 1)
U.S., U.K., Poland, and Australia started the initial invasion phase.
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, 2004 part 1 - ✔✔First Battle of Fallujah
Codename Operation Vigilant Resolve
Unsuccessful attempt to capture Fallujah in April 2004.
2004 part 2 - ✔✔Second Battle of Fallujah
Codename Operation Al-Fajr (the dawn) and Operation Phantom Fury
In November and December of 2004, Marines led Joint US/Iraqi/British offensive
against Iraqi insurgency.
What happened in the Battle of Belleau Wood? - ✔✔In World War 1, Marines helped
crush a German offensive at Belleau Wood which threatened Paris.
French renamed area "The Wood of the Brigade of Marines."
*German* intelligence evaluated Marines as *Storm Troops* (highest rated on enemy
fighting scale).
Marines got called *Teufelhunden (devil dogs)*.
What happened in the Battle of Guadalcanal? - ✔✔August 7, 1942
*1st Marine Division* launched first U.S. land offensive of World War 2 in the Solomon
Islands.
It was the *1st combat test of new amphibious doctrine*.
It was a turning point for the War by *providing a base* to launch invasions of
Japanese-held islands.
What happened in the Battle of Tarawa? - ✔✔A Japanese commander proclaimed it
would take a *Million Americans and 100 years* to conquer the *Tarawa Atoll and Betio
Islands* (in Solomon Islands).
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