NUR 353 Exam 4 2025 Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
Define mobility - ✔✔purposeful physical movement (gross, fine, coordination).
Depends on musculoskeletal and nervous systems. "state or quality of being mobile or
movable."
Define immobility - ✔✔the inability to move
Impaired physical mobility - ✔✔describes a state in which a person has a limitation in
physical movement but is not immobile.
define deconditioned - ✔✔In the context of health care, this term applies to patients
who experience extended immobility, a loss of physical fitness
Disuse syndrome - ✔✔Describes the predictable adverse effects on the body tissues and
functions associated with sedentary lifestyle and inactivity
What does the frontal lobe of the brain do in mobility? - ✔✔voluntary motor activity
What does the cerebellum do in mobility? - ✔✔coordinates movement, equilibrium,
muscle ton, and proprioception
Diagnostic tests for mobility - ✔✔X ray: bones, fractures
Computed tomography: soft tissue and bony abnormalities
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,MRI: soft tissue, vertebral disk, tumors, ligaments, and cartilage
Myelogram: spinal cord and nerve root w/ contrast dye, back pain
Arthrography (arthrogram): joints w/ radiopaque substance to look at bones, cartilage,
and ligaments
Bone material density: osteoporosis and osteopenia
Bone scan: metastic bone cancer, unexplained bone pain, bone uptake of radionuclide
material
Other diagnostic tests for mobility - ✔✔Arthroscopy, electromyography (electrical
activity generated within the muscle), blood tests, analysis of joint fluid, biopsy
Primary prevention of mobility impairment - ✔✔Regular physical activity, nutrition
(calcium, protein, fall prevention (older), safe environment, optimizing vision
Secondary prevention (screening) mobility - ✔✔Osteoporosis (dexa scan for women
65+)
mobility: timed get up and go test (measures mobility of people able to walk on their
own), Performance oriented mobility assessment test (identification of gait and balance
impairments), and Greenville Early mobility scale (inpatient to track progress)
Nursing care of immobilized pt.s - ✔✔positioning, turning, continuous lateral rotation
therapy (CLRT), range-of-motion exercise, head elevation, tilt table, chair position,
dangling, and ambulation.
Coughing and deep breathing: stasis pneumonia
ROM fexion and extension: DVT
reduce bone demineralization by weight bearing
Active v. Passive ROM - ✔✔Active is ROM performed by the pt
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,Passive ROM is when the nurse takes the affect joint through the ROM
Exercise therapy - ✔✔Cornerstone intervention for mobility impairment, rehabilitative
or preventive
Exercise Therapy: Ambulation,
Exercise Therapy: Joint Mobility,
Exercise Therapy: Stretching, and
Exercise Therapy: Balance.
Open fracture - ✔✔Skin is broken and the bone is exposed
Closed fracture - ✔✔The bone is broken and the skin is intact
incomplete fracture - ✔✔the fracture doesn't go through the bone shaft
Complete fracture - ✔✔the break goes completely through the bone
Transverse fracture - ✔✔the line of the fracture extends across the bond shaft at a right
angle to the longitudinal axis
Spiral Fracture - ✔✔the line of the fracture extends in a spiral direction along the bone
shaft
Greenstick fracture - ✔✔an incomplete fracture with one side splintered and the other
side bent
Comminuted fracture - ✔✔a fracture with more than two fragments
Oblique fracture - ✔✔the line of the fracture extends across and down the bone at an
angle
Pathologic fracture - ✔✔spontaneous fracture at the site of a diseased bone
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, Stress fracture - ✔✔occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subject to repeated stress,
such as running or jogging
Nondisplaced v. displaced fracture - ✔✔displaced: two ends of the bone are separated
from eachother
nondisplaced: the periosteum is intact and the bone fragments are still in alignment
Fracture healing process - ✔✔Fracture hematoma: Blood clot, 72 h after injury
Granulation tissue: active phagocytosis, graulation (new blood vessels, fibroblasts,
osteoblasts) 3-14 days after injury
Callus formation: Minerals and new bone matrix, primarily composed of cartilage,
osteoblasts, calcium, and phosphorus. day 14
Ossification: 3-6 weeks, clinical union and casts are removed
Consolidation: call continues to develop, distance closes, radiological union (complete
bony union), 1 year
Remodeling: final stage, union complete, bone remodels in response to physiological
stress loading
Angulation - ✔✔Fracture heals in abnormal position in relation to midline of structure
(type of malunion).
Pseudoarthrosis - ✔✔Type of nonunion occurring at fracture site in which a false joint is
formed with abnormal movement at site.
Myositis ossificans - ✔✔Deposition of calcium in muscle tissue at site of significant
blunt muscle trauma or repeated muscle injury.
Closed reduction - ✔✔nonsurgical, manual realignment of bone fragments to their
previous anatomic position. Traction and countertraction
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
and Answers 100% Pass
Define mobility - ✔✔purposeful physical movement (gross, fine, coordination).
Depends on musculoskeletal and nervous systems. "state or quality of being mobile or
movable."
Define immobility - ✔✔the inability to move
Impaired physical mobility - ✔✔describes a state in which a person has a limitation in
physical movement but is not immobile.
define deconditioned - ✔✔In the context of health care, this term applies to patients
who experience extended immobility, a loss of physical fitness
Disuse syndrome - ✔✔Describes the predictable adverse effects on the body tissues and
functions associated with sedentary lifestyle and inactivity
What does the frontal lobe of the brain do in mobility? - ✔✔voluntary motor activity
What does the cerebellum do in mobility? - ✔✔coordinates movement, equilibrium,
muscle ton, and proprioception
Diagnostic tests for mobility - ✔✔X ray: bones, fractures
Computed tomography: soft tissue and bony abnormalities
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,MRI: soft tissue, vertebral disk, tumors, ligaments, and cartilage
Myelogram: spinal cord and nerve root w/ contrast dye, back pain
Arthrography (arthrogram): joints w/ radiopaque substance to look at bones, cartilage,
and ligaments
Bone material density: osteoporosis and osteopenia
Bone scan: metastic bone cancer, unexplained bone pain, bone uptake of radionuclide
material
Other diagnostic tests for mobility - ✔✔Arthroscopy, electromyography (electrical
activity generated within the muscle), blood tests, analysis of joint fluid, biopsy
Primary prevention of mobility impairment - ✔✔Regular physical activity, nutrition
(calcium, protein, fall prevention (older), safe environment, optimizing vision
Secondary prevention (screening) mobility - ✔✔Osteoporosis (dexa scan for women
65+)
mobility: timed get up and go test (measures mobility of people able to walk on their
own), Performance oriented mobility assessment test (identification of gait and balance
impairments), and Greenville Early mobility scale (inpatient to track progress)
Nursing care of immobilized pt.s - ✔✔positioning, turning, continuous lateral rotation
therapy (CLRT), range-of-motion exercise, head elevation, tilt table, chair position,
dangling, and ambulation.
Coughing and deep breathing: stasis pneumonia
ROM fexion and extension: DVT
reduce bone demineralization by weight bearing
Active v. Passive ROM - ✔✔Active is ROM performed by the pt
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,Passive ROM is when the nurse takes the affect joint through the ROM
Exercise therapy - ✔✔Cornerstone intervention for mobility impairment, rehabilitative
or preventive
Exercise Therapy: Ambulation,
Exercise Therapy: Joint Mobility,
Exercise Therapy: Stretching, and
Exercise Therapy: Balance.
Open fracture - ✔✔Skin is broken and the bone is exposed
Closed fracture - ✔✔The bone is broken and the skin is intact
incomplete fracture - ✔✔the fracture doesn't go through the bone shaft
Complete fracture - ✔✔the break goes completely through the bone
Transverse fracture - ✔✔the line of the fracture extends across the bond shaft at a right
angle to the longitudinal axis
Spiral Fracture - ✔✔the line of the fracture extends in a spiral direction along the bone
shaft
Greenstick fracture - ✔✔an incomplete fracture with one side splintered and the other
side bent
Comminuted fracture - ✔✔a fracture with more than two fragments
Oblique fracture - ✔✔the line of the fracture extends across and down the bone at an
angle
Pathologic fracture - ✔✔spontaneous fracture at the site of a diseased bone
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Stress fracture - ✔✔occurs in normal or abnormal bone that is subject to repeated stress,
such as running or jogging
Nondisplaced v. displaced fracture - ✔✔displaced: two ends of the bone are separated
from eachother
nondisplaced: the periosteum is intact and the bone fragments are still in alignment
Fracture healing process - ✔✔Fracture hematoma: Blood clot, 72 h after injury
Granulation tissue: active phagocytosis, graulation (new blood vessels, fibroblasts,
osteoblasts) 3-14 days after injury
Callus formation: Minerals and new bone matrix, primarily composed of cartilage,
osteoblasts, calcium, and phosphorus. day 14
Ossification: 3-6 weeks, clinical union and casts are removed
Consolidation: call continues to develop, distance closes, radiological union (complete
bony union), 1 year
Remodeling: final stage, union complete, bone remodels in response to physiological
stress loading
Angulation - ✔✔Fracture heals in abnormal position in relation to midline of structure
(type of malunion).
Pseudoarthrosis - ✔✔Type of nonunion occurring at fracture site in which a false joint is
formed with abnormal movement at site.
Myositis ossificans - ✔✔Deposition of calcium in muscle tissue at site of significant
blunt muscle trauma or repeated muscle injury.
Closed reduction - ✔✔nonsurgical, manual realignment of bone fragments to their
previous anatomic position. Traction and countertraction
COPYRIGHT © 2025 BY GRACE AMELIA, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
