ATI PN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Review Q&A WITHRATIONALE
n n n n n n n n n
2023 GRADED A n n
ATI PN Pharmacology n n
1. 1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notesth
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
at the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should th
n n n n n n n n n n n n
e nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
n n n n n n n n n
1. Calcium chloride n
2. Calcium gluconate n
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) n
4. Large doses of vitamin D: 3. Calcitonin( n n n n n n n
Miacalcin) Rationale: n
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencinghyp
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the t
n n n n n n n n n n n
reatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalce
n n n n n n n n n n n n
mia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, de
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
creases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the ser
n n n n n n n n n n n n
um calcium concentration.
n n
2. 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-
n n n n n n n n n
old child with irondeficiency anemia.The nurse instructs the mother to admi
n n n n n n n n n n n
nister the iron with which best food item?
n n n n n n n
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice n
4. Orange juice: 4. Orangej n n n n
uice Rationale: n
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instruc
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. M
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
k may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption.Orange juice con
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
n n n n n n n n n
3. 3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nur
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
se monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the pr
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
esence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
n n n n n n
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations: 1. n n n
Tinnitus Rationale: n
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)can
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturb
n n n n n n n n
nces. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
n n n n n n n n
1n/n92
,4. 4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they h
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ave applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemicalsunscr
n n n n n n n n n n
eens are most effective when applied:
n n n n n
1. Immediately before swimming n n
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
n n n n n n
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun n n n n n
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun: 4. At least 30 minutes before ex
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
posure to the sun n n n
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposureto t
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
he sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nswimming or sweating. n n
5. 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn in-
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njury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort
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and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
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1. Notifying the registered nurse n n n
2. Discontinuing the medication n n
3. Informing the client that this is normal n n n n n n
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site: 3. Informing thecli
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ent that this is normal
n n n n
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-
n n n n n n n
positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascula
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
r tissues. The client should be informed that the medication will cause local discomf
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are in
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
correct
6. 6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfa
n n n n n n n n n n n n
mylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing thatw hich of
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
he following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? 1.Hyperventilation
n n n n n n n n n
2.Elevated blood pressure n n n
3.Local pain at the burn sit n n n n n
e
4.Local rash at the burn site: n n n n n
1.Hyperventilation Rationale: n
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excre-
n n n n n n n n n n n
tion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be mon
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
itored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the
n n n n n n n n n n n
,medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe localrat
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
her than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected from the pai
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
n that occurs with a burn injury.
n n n n n n
, 7. 7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the adminis
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
tration of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratorytest will be
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
prescribed?
1. Platelet count n
2. Triglyceride level n
3. Complete blood count n n
4. White blood cell count: 2. Triglyceridel
n n n n n n
evel Rationale: n
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be measu
n n n n n n n n n n
ed before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides ha
n n n n n n n n n n n n
been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitoredspecifically during thi
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ntreatment.
8. 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provid
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
er (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's med-
n n n n n n n n n
ication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medi
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
cation?
1. Vitamin A n
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) n
3. Furosemide (Lasix) n
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin): 1. Vitamin n n n n
A Rationale:
n
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of i
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
sotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supple
n n n n n n n n n n n
ments should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin. n n n n n
9. 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema.T he
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nnurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorptionof the
n n n n n n n n n n n n
medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following bod
n n n n n n n n n n n n
y areas?n
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet n n n
4. Palms of the hands: 2. Axilla n n n n n n
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorptionis
n n n n n n n n n n
n higher from regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla,face
n n n n n n n n n n n
, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability i
n n n n n n n n n n n n
s poor (back, palms, soles).
n n n n
n n n n n n n n n
2023 GRADED A n n
ATI PN Pharmacology n n
1. 1) A nurse is caring for a client with hyperparathyroidism and notesth
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
at the client's serum calcium level is 13 mg/dL. Which medication should th
n n n n n n n n n n n n
e nurse prepare to administer as prescribed to the client?
n n n n n n n n n
1. Calcium chloride n
2. Calcium gluconate n
3. Calcitonin (Miacalcin) n
4. Large doses of vitamin D: 3. Calcitonin( n n n n n n n
Miacalcin) Rationale: n
The normal serum calcium level is 8.6 to 10.0 mg/dL. This client is experiencinghyp
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ercalcemia. Calcium gluconate and calcium chloride are medications used for the t
n n n n n n n n n n n
reatment of tetany, which occurs as a result of acute hypocalcemia. In hypercalce
n n n n n n n n n n n n
mia, large doses of vitamin D need to be avoided. Calcitonin, a thyroid hormone, de
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
creases the plasma calcium level by inhibiting bone resorption and lowering the ser
n n n n n n n n n n n n
um calcium concentration.
n n
2. 2.) Oral iron supplements are prescribed for a 6-year-
n n n n n n n n n
old child with irondeficiency anemia.The nurse instructs the mother to admi
n n n n n n n n n n n
nister the iron with which best food item?
n n n n n n n
1. Milk
2. Water
3. Apple juice n
4. Orange juice: 4. Orangej n n n n
uice Rationale: n
Vitamin C increases the absorption of iron by the body. The mother should be instruc
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ed to administer the medication with a citrus fruit or a juice that is high in vitamin C. M
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
k may affect absorption of the iron. Water will not assist in absorption.Orange juice con
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ains a greater amount of vitamin C than apple juice.
n n n n n n n n n
3. 3.) Salicylic acid is prescribed for a client with a diagnosis of psoriasis. The nur
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
se monitors the client, knowing that which of the following would indicate the pr
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
esence of systemic toxicity from this medication?
n n n n n n
1. Tinnitus
2. Diarrhea
3. Constipation
4. Decreased respirations: 1. n n n
Tinnitus Rationale: n
Salicylic acid is absorbed readily through the skin, and systemic toxicity (salicylism)can
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
result. Symptoms include tinnitus, dizziness, hyperpnea, and psychological disturb
n n n n n n n n
nces. Constipation and diarrhea are not associated with salicylism.
n n n n n n n n
1n/n92
,4. 4.) The camp nurse asks the children preparing to swim in the lake if they h
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ave applied sunscreen. The nurse reminds the children that chemicalsunscr
n n n n n n n n n n
eens are most effective when applied:
n n n n n
1. Immediately before swimming n n
2. 15 minutes before exposure to the sun
n n n n n n
3. Immediately before exposure to the sun n n n n n
4. At least 30 minutes before exposure to the sun: 4. At least 30 minutes before ex
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
posure to the sun n n n
Rationale:
Sunscreens are most effective when applied at least 30 minutes before exposureto t
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
he sun so that they can penetrate the skin. All sunscreens should be reapplied after
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nswimming or sweating. n n
5. 5.) Mafenide acetate (Sulfamylon) is prescribed for the client with a burn in-
n n n n n n n n n n n n
njury. When applying the medication, the client complains of local discomfort
n n n n n n n n n n n
and burning. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
n n n n n n n n n n n
1. Notifying the registered nurse n n n
2. Discontinuing the medication n n
3. Informing the client that this is normal n n n n n n
4. Applying a thinner film than prescribed to the burn site: 3. Informing thecli
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ent that this is normal
n n n n
Rationale:
Mafenide acetate is bacteriostatic for gram-negative and gram-
n n n n n n n
positive organisms and is used to treat burns to reduce bacteria present in avascula
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
r tissues. The client should be informed that the medication will cause local discomf
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ort and burning and that this is a normal reaction; therefore options 1, 2, and 4 are in
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
correct
6. 6.) The burn client is receiving treatments of topical mafenide acetate (Sulfa
n n n n n n n n n n n n
mylon) to the site of injury. The nurse monitors the client, knowing thatw hich of
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
he following indicates that a systemic effect has occurred? 1.Hyperventilation
n n n n n n n n n
2.Elevated blood pressure n n n
3.Local pain at the burn sit n n n n n
e
4.Local rash at the burn site: n n n n n
1.Hyperventilation Rationale: n
Mafenide acetate is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and can suppress renal excre-
n n n n n n n n n n n
tion of acid, thereby causing acidosis. Clients receiving this treatment should be mon
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
itored for signs of an acid-base imbalance (hyperventilation). If this occurs, the
n n n n n n n n n n n
,medication should be discontinued for 1 to 2 days. Options 3 and 4 describe localrat
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
her than systemic effects. An elevated blood pressure may be expected from the pai
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
n that occurs with a burn injury.
n n n n n n
, 7. 7.) Isotretinoin is prescribed for a client with severe acne. Before the adminis
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
tration of this medication, the nurse anticipates that which laboratorytest will be
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
prescribed?
1. Platelet count n
2. Triglyceride level n
3. Complete blood count n n
4. White blood cell count: 2. Triglyceridel
n n n n n n
evel Rationale: n
Isotretinoin can elevate triglyceride levels. Blood triglyceride levels should be measu
n n n n n n n n n n
ed before treatment and periodically thereafter until the effect on the triglycerides ha
n n n n n n n n n n n n
been evaluated. Options 1, 3, and 4 do not need to be monitoredspecifically during thi
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
ntreatment.
8. 8.) A client with severe acne is seen in the clinic and the health care provid
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
er (HCP) prescribes isotretinoin. The nurse reviews the client's med-
n n n n n n n n n
ication record and would contact the (HCP) if the client is taking which medi
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
cation?
1. Vitamin A n
2. Digoxin (Lanoxin) n
3. Furosemide (Lasix) n
4. Phenytoin (Dilantin): 1. Vitamin n n n n
A Rationale:
n
Isotretinoin is a metabolite of vitamin A and can produce generalized intensification of i
n n n n n n n n n n n n n
sotretinoin toxicity. Because of the potential for increased toxicity, vitamin A supple
n n n n n n n n n n n
ments should be discontinued before isotretinoin therapy. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
contraindicated with the use of isotretinoin. n n n n n
9. 9.) The nurse is applying a topical corticosteroid to a client with eczema.T he
n n n n n n n n n n n n n n
nnurse would monitor for the potential for increased systemic absorptionof the
n n n n n n n n n n n n
medication if the medication were being applied to which of the following bod
n n n n n n n n n n n n
y areas?n
1. Back
2. Axilla
3. Soles of the feet n n n
4. Palms of the hands: 2. Axilla n n n n n n
Rationale:
Topical corticosteroids can be absorbed into the systemic circulation. Absorptionis
n n n n n n n n n n
n higher from regions where the skin is especially permeable (scalp, axilla,face
n n n n n n n n n n n
, eyelids, neck, perineum, genitalia), and lower from regions in which permeability i
n n n n n n n n n n n n
s poor (back, palms, soles).
n n n n
