NUR2230C Advanced Adult Healthcare
8.0 Credits
Complete Final Exam (Qns & Ans)
2025
Question 1 (Multiple Choice)
Case: A 70-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with severe community-
acquired pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS).
Question: Which of the following interventions has been
shown to reduce mortality in severe ARDS patients?
A. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
B. Prone positioning
C. Inhaled nitric oxide
©2025
,D. Immediate extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Correct ANS: B. Prone positioning
Rationale: Prone positioning improves ventilation–perfusion
matching and oxygenation in ARDS patients and, when instituted
early, has been associated with reduced mortality. Other options
may be utilized in specific scenarios but lack the same robust
evidence for mortality reduction when compared to prone
positioning.
---
Question 2 (Fill in the Blank)
Statement:
In critical care, the severity-of-illness score commonly used to
predict mortality risk in adult ICU patients is the ______ II
score.
Correct ANS: APACHE II
Rationale: The APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic
Health Evaluation II) score is widely used in adult intensive care
to evaluate the severity of disease and predict patient outcomes
©2025
,based on multiple physiologic parameters and chronic health
conditions.
---
Question 3 (True/False)
Statement:
Dynamic assessment parameters, such as stroke volume variation,
are generally superior to static measurements like central venous
pressure for guiding fluid resuscitation in septic adult patients.
Correct ANS: True
Rationale: Dynamic assessment parameters respond to real-
time changes in preload and cardiac output, making them more
reliable for guiding fluid resuscitation in sepsis than static
measurements, which may not accurately reflect a patient’s fluid
responsiveness.
---
Question 4 (Multiple Response)
©2025
, Case: A 65-year-old patient with a recent myocardial infarction
is now admitted for advanced management of post-MI heart
failure.
Question: Which of the following components are considered
key in the advanced management of heart failure? (Select all that
apply.)
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Aldosterone antagonists
C. Beta blockers
D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
E. Device therapy (ICD/CRT)
Correct ANSs: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Advanced heart failure management typically
includes ACE inhibitors, aldosterone antagonists, beta blockers,
and device therapies such as implantable cardioverter-
defibrillators (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
NSAIDs are generally contraindicated in heart failure due to their
potential to worsen fluid retention and cardiac function.
---
Question 5 (Multiple Choice)
©2025
8.0 Credits
Complete Final Exam (Qns & Ans)
2025
Question 1 (Multiple Choice)
Case: A 70-year-old male with a history of chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) is admitted with severe community-
acquired pneumonia complicated by acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS).
Question: Which of the following interventions has been
shown to reduce mortality in severe ARDS patients?
A. High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
B. Prone positioning
C. Inhaled nitric oxide
©2025
,D. Immediate extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Correct ANS: B. Prone positioning
Rationale: Prone positioning improves ventilation–perfusion
matching and oxygenation in ARDS patients and, when instituted
early, has been associated with reduced mortality. Other options
may be utilized in specific scenarios but lack the same robust
evidence for mortality reduction when compared to prone
positioning.
---
Question 2 (Fill in the Blank)
Statement:
In critical care, the severity-of-illness score commonly used to
predict mortality risk in adult ICU patients is the ______ II
score.
Correct ANS: APACHE II
Rationale: The APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic
Health Evaluation II) score is widely used in adult intensive care
to evaluate the severity of disease and predict patient outcomes
©2025
,based on multiple physiologic parameters and chronic health
conditions.
---
Question 3 (True/False)
Statement:
Dynamic assessment parameters, such as stroke volume variation,
are generally superior to static measurements like central venous
pressure for guiding fluid resuscitation in septic adult patients.
Correct ANS: True
Rationale: Dynamic assessment parameters respond to real-
time changes in preload and cardiac output, making them more
reliable for guiding fluid resuscitation in sepsis than static
measurements, which may not accurately reflect a patient’s fluid
responsiveness.
---
Question 4 (Multiple Response)
©2025
, Case: A 65-year-old patient with a recent myocardial infarction
is now admitted for advanced management of post-MI heart
failure.
Question: Which of the following components are considered
key in the advanced management of heart failure? (Select all that
apply.)
A. ACE inhibitors
B. Aldosterone antagonists
C. Beta blockers
D. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
E. Device therapy (ICD/CRT)
Correct ANSs: A, B, C, E
Rationale: Advanced heart failure management typically
includes ACE inhibitors, aldosterone antagonists, beta blockers,
and device therapies such as implantable cardioverter-
defibrillators (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
NSAIDs are generally contraindicated in heart failure due to their
potential to worsen fluid retention and cardiac function.
---
Question 5 (Multiple Choice)
©2025
